Horace, The Odes And Epodes

TH6 LOEB CLAf^ICAL LIBRARY

FOUNDED BY JAMi^ LOEB, LL.D.

EDITED Bjl

fT. E. PAGE, C.B., UTT.D.

tE. CAP ' 3 ?, PH.D., LL.D. tw. H. D. ROUSE, Lirr.D.

L. A. POST, M A. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a. f.r hist.soc.

HORACE

THE ODES AND EPODES

HORACE

THE ODES AND EPODE8

I

WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION flX |

C. E, BENNETT |

or COBNK1.X. UNlTS&BlXr

I

I CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS

HARVAllU UNIVERSITY I'RRSS |

U)N1X>N I

WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD

1912

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN

LIFE AND WORKS OF HORACE

Quintus Hokatius Flaccus was bom at the little
town ot' Vcnusia, on the borders of Apulia and
Lucania, December 8, 65 u.c. His father was a
freedinaii, who seems to have been a collector of
taxes, in this business he saved some money, and,
dissatisfied with the advanWgcs offered by the school
at V^enusia, took the young Horace to Rome for his
education. This plan evidently involved no little
personal and financial sacrifice on the father’s part —
a sacrifice appreciated to tlie full by fiorace, if not
at this time, at least in Ins later life. In a touch-
ing passage almost unique in ancient literature
(JSat. i. 6, 72//!) the poet tells us of the father’s
devotion at this [)eriod. Ambitious only for his son's
mental and moral improvement, without a thought
of the larger material prizes of life, he not only pro-
vided Horace with the best instruction the capital
afforded, but watched with anxious care over the
boy’s moral training as well, even accompanying him
to school and back again to his lodgings.

In his nineteenth year or thereabouts (i.e. about
46 B.c.) Horace went to Athens to add the finishing
touches to his etlu cation by the study of philosophy.
The Greek poets also largely occupied his attention
at this time. Among his friends during this Athenian

LIFE AND WORKS OF HORACE

period may be mentioned the young Cicero, son of
the orator, and M. Valerius Weshalla, who, with
many other young Romans, were residing at Athens
for the purpose of sti dy. j

After some two years Horace’s studies wf re inter-
rupted by political events, Caesar had be^n assassi-
nated ill March of 44 u.c., and in September of that
year Brutus arrived in Athens, burning with the
spirit of republicanism. Horace was easily induced
to join his standard, and, though lacking previous
military training or experience, received the im-
portant appointment of tribunus mifi/uin in Brutus'
army. The battle of Philippi (November, 42 b.c)
sounded the death-knell ol republican hopes and left
Horace in bad case. His excellent fallier liad died,
and the scant patrimony v hich w^ould have descended
to the poet had been confiscated by Octavian in
consequence of the son’s support of Brutus and
Cassius.

Taking advantage of the general amnesty granted
by Octavian, Horace returned to Rome in 41 b.c., and
there secured a position as quaestor’s clerk (scrihd),
devoting his intervals of leisure to composition in
verse. He soon formed a warm friendship with
Virgil, then just beginning his career as a poet, and
with V^irius; through their influence he was admitted
(39 B.c.) to the friendship and intimacy of Maecenas,
the confidential adviser of Octavian, and a generous
patron of literature. About six years later (prob-
ably 33 B.c.) he received from Maecenas tlie Sabine
Farm, situated some twenty-five miles to the north-
east of Rome, in the valley of the Digen tia, a small
stream flowing into the Anio. This estate was not
merely adequate for his support, enabling him to
devote his entire energy to study and poetry, but
vi

LIFE AND WORKS OF HORACE

was an unfailing source of haj)piness as well ; Horace
never wearies of singing its praises.

Horace’s friendship with Maecenas, together with
his own admirable social qualiiies and poetic gifts,
won hirfi an easy entrance into the best Roman
society. His Odes bear eloquent testimony to his
friendship with nearly all the eminent Romans of
his time. Among these were: Agrippa, Octavian’s
trusted general and later his son-in-law; Messalla,
the friend of Horace’s Athenian student days, and
later one of the foremost orators of the age ; Pollio,
distinguished alike in the fields of letters, oratory,
and arms. The poets Virgil and V'arius have already
been mentioned. Other literary friends were : Quin-
tilius Varus, Valgius, Plotius, Aristius Fuscus, and
the [)oet Tibullus. •

With the Emperor, Horace’s relations were inti-
mate and cordial. Though the poet had fought
with conviction under Brutus and Cassius at Philippi,
yet he possessed too much sense and patriotism
to be capable of ignoring the splendid promise of
stability and good government held out by the new
regime inaugurated by Augustus. In sincere and
loyal devotion to his sovereign, he not merely
accepted the new order, but lent the best efforts
of his verse to glorifying and strengthening it.

He died November 27, 8 d.c., shortly before the
completion of his fifty-seventh year, and but a few
weeks after the death of his patron and friend
Maecenas.

Horace’s first published work was Book I of the
SallreSf which appeared in 35 b.c. Five years later
Book II was published. Though conventionally called
Satires,” and alluded to by Horace himself as
satirae, these were entitled by him Serrnones, as being

vii

LIFE 'and works of HORACE

talks, so to speak, couched in the familiar language
of everyday life. In Horace’s hands satire consists
in the main of urbane comment upon the vices and
foibles of the day, enipled with amusing incidents
of personal ex{)erience and good-natured nHilery at
the defects of the prevailing philosophical systems,
of which he was always an earnest and intelligent
student.

The KpodeSj published about 29 b.c., mark the
transition from the Satires to the Odes. They
resemble the Satires in their frequent polemical
character, the Odes in the lyric form in which
they are cast.

Books 1-1 11 of the Odes were published In 23 b.c.,
when Horace was forty-two years old. Many of
them had unquestionably .been written several years
before — some ap[)arently as early as 32 b.c. These
Odes at once raised Horace to the front rank of
Homan poets, and assured his permanent fame. Six
years later he was the natural choice of Augustus
for the composition of the Carmen Saeculare to be
sung at the celebration of the Saccular Games in
that year. A fourth book of Odes was published
about 13 B.c.

Horace also issued two books of Epist/cSj the first
about 20 B.C., the second about 1 4 b.c. Besides these
we have the Epistula ad Pisones, often called Ars
Poeiica, a letter dealing with the principles of
poetic composition, especially with the drama, 'fhis
work belongs to the last years of the poet’s life.

As a master of lyric form Horace is unexcelled
among Roman poets. In content also many of his
odes represent the highest order of poetry. His
patriotism was genuine, his devotion to Augustus
was profound, his faith in the moral law was deep

LIFE AND WORKS OF HOllACE

and clear. Wherever he touches on these themes
he speaks with conviction and sincerity, and often
rises to a lofty level. But the very qualities of
reason and reflt ction that madeihiin successful here.,
naturally* limited his success in treatiiip^ of love and
sentinient — the topics most frequently chosen for
lyric treatment by other }>oets. On this account he
has not infrequently been challenged as witliouttitle
to high poetic rank. But fortunately the question
is not an academic one. Generation after generation
continues to own the spell of Horaces verse. So
long as this is true, we may properly ignore theo-
retical discussions concerning the character of his
lyric M ork.

U

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The ediito princeps of Horace was published at
Venice, probably in the year 1470. The name of
the printer, as well as the date, is uncertain. Of
esjiecial present value are the following:

Text :

Bentley, Richard. Opera, Cambridge, 1711.
Most accessible now in the reprint of Weid-
mann, Berlin, 1S69« With Zangemeister’s
Index Verborum.

Hofinan-Peerlkamp. Carmina II, Amsterdam,

1862 .

Page, E. Opera, London, 1895.

Muller, Lucian, Carmina 111, Leipzig, 1879,
and often reprinted. Teubner text.

Keller, Otto. Carmina, Epoch, Carmen Saeculare,
Leipzig, 1899* With Index Verborum.
Vollmer, Friedrich, Opera II, Lci[>zig, 1912 .
Teubner text.

Commentaries :

Kiessling, A. Oden und Epoden, Fiinfte Auflage,
besorgt von Richard Heinze. Be rlin, 19 OH.
Orelli, lo. Caspar. Odae, Carmen Saeculare,
Epoch IV, curavit Guilelmus Ilirschfclder.
Berlin, 1886.

X)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Covimentaries {cont.') :

Pa^e, T. E. Odes and Epodes, London, 1909.
M idler, Lucian. Oden und Epoden. St. Peters-
burg, 1900. ♦

Wickham, li, C. Odes, Epodes, and ‘Carmen
Saeculare ill. Oxford, 1904.

Nauck, C. W. Oden und Epoden XVII, von P.
Hoppe. Leipzig, 1910.

Miscellaneous :

Pomponi Porfyrionis commentum in Horatium
Placcum, ed. A. Holder. Innsbruck, 1894.
Pseudoacronis Scholia in Horatium Vetustiora,
ed. Otto Keller. Leipzig, 1901.

Keller, Otto. Epilegomena zu Horaz. Leipzig,
1879. An exhaustive presentation and dis-
cussion of variant readings.

Sellar, W. Y. Horace and the Elegiac Poets II.
Oxford, 1899.

Ribbeck, Otto. Geschichte der romischen Dich-
tung. Stuttgart, 1900. II, chap. li.

Tyrrell, Robert Y. Lectures on Latin Poetry.
Boston, 1 895. Chap, ii

METRES USED BY HORACE

1. Alcaic Strophe,

^ I _ w I II w I I w(twice)

In the first two lines a diaeresis regularly occurs
after the second com{)lete foot, but this is sometimes
neglected, c.g. Odes, J, 37, 14*; IV, 14, 17.

The extra syllable at the beginning of the first
three lines of each stanza is called an anacrusis.

This metre occurs in Odes, I, 9» lb; 17, 26, 27, 29,
31, 34, 35, 37 ; II, 1,3, 5,7, 9, U, 1^5, 14, 15, 17, 19,
20; III, 1-6, 17, 21, 23, 26, 29; IV, 4, 9, U, 15.

2. Sapphic and Adonic.

— — (three times)

— w I —

The regular caesura of the first three lines falls
after the long syllable of the dactyl; but a feminine
caesura, after the first short of the dactyl, sometimes
* xiii

METRES USED BY HORACE

occurs. I'his is especially frequent in Book IV of
the OdeSy and in the Carmen Saccular e.

Now and then we find a hypermetric verse, e.g*
Odes, II, l6, 34, * ^

This metre occurs in Odes, I, 2, 10, 12, 20, 22, 25,
30, 32, 38 ; II, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, l6 ; III, 8, 11, 14, 18,
20, 22, 27 ; IV, 2, 6, 1 1 ; Carmen Saeculare,

3 . B'irst AscLepiadean.

« - I I -.1! ^ ^ ^ I _ ^ I -

A diaeresis regularly occurs after the sixth syllable
of the verse, but exceptions occur in Odes, 11 , 12 , 25,
and IV, 8, 17. <

This metre occurs in Odes, I, I : III, 30 : IV, 8.

4 . Second Asclepiadean.

I

The second line of the couplet is the First As-
clepiadean. The special name Glyconic is given to
the metre of the first line.

This metre occurs in Odes, I, 3, 13, 19, 36 ; III, 9j
15, 19, 24, 25, 28; IV, 1, 3.

5 . Third Asclepiadean,

I _ w ^ 1 II - w V-/ I -w I is' (three times)

^ ^ i .. w w I I

METRES USED BY HORACE

This consists of the First Asclepiadean and the
Glyconic.

This metre occurs in Odes^ I, 6, 15, 24 , 33 ; II, 12 ;
III, 10, 16 ; IV, 5, 12.

6 . Fourth Asclepiadean,

- w I (twice)

The first two lines are the First Asclepiadean.
The third is called Pherecrate in. The fourth is the
Glyconic.

This metre occurs in Odtes, I, 5, 14, 21, 23 ; ill,
7, 13; IV, 13.

7. Fifth Asclepiadean^

Tliis metre occurs in Odes, I, 11, 18 ; IV, 10.

8. lambic Trimeter,

The strict scheme is :

aar I 'w' I il ... I S./ .. | I .i., 1

but the spondee is occasionally substituted for the
iambus in the odd feet of the verse, and at times
even other substitutes occur, e,g, the tribrach
(s^ ^ w)> dactyl, and rarely the anapaest ^ ^).
A caesura regularly occurs after the short syllable
df the third foot (penthemimeral caesura), less

XV

METRES USED BY HORACE

frequently after the short syllable of the fourth foot
(hepthc^mimeral caesura).

This metre occurs in Epode 17.

9. lambic Strophe.

Tliis consists of the iambic trimeter (see § 8)
followed by the iambic dimeter, which admits the
same substitutes as tlie trimeter.

This metre occurs in Epodes 1~10.

10. Alcmanic Strophe,

This consists of the dactylic hexameter followed
by a dactylic tetrameter. The spondee is freely
substituted for the dactyl, as in Virgil.

This metre occurs in Odes, I, 7, 28 ; Epode 12.

11. First Pyihiambic.

A dactylic hexameter followed by an iambic
dimeter (§ 9).

This metre occurs in Epodes 14, 15

XVI

METRES USED BY HORACE

12. Second Pythiambic,

A dactylic hexameter folloued by an iambic tri-
meter (§ 8). In this metre no substitutes for the
iambus are permilted.

This metre occurs in Epode l6.

13. First Archilocliian,

A dactylic hexameter followed by a dactylic tri-
meter catalectic stopping short ").

Tliis metre occurs in Odes, IV, 7.

14. Second Ai'cJdlochian.

A dactylic hexameter followed by a line coiisSisting
of an iambic dimeter combined with a dactylic tri-
meter catalectic (§ 13). In the first and third feet
of tlie dimeter, the spondee may tike the place of
the iambus.

This metre occurs in Epode 13.

xvii

METRES USED BY HORACE

15. Third Archilochian,

w— — — Iw — lw — Iw —

%

-WV-^1 — llv-/ — Iv^— Iv^— Iw —

The first line is an iambic trimeter (§ 8). The
second is the same as the second line of the Second
Archilochian (§ 14), with the two parts reversed.
This metre occurs in Epode 1 1.

l6. Fourth Archilochian Strophe.

Sw/ ! if Si^ W 1 — 'w/ I — I mmt W f mm W

— I «_ I II — . ! I v«/ I Vw'

Tlie first line is called a greater Archilochian, and
admits the substitution of the spondee for the dactyl
in the first three feet. The seecmd line is an iambic
trimeter catalectic stopping short") ; cf, § 8.

This metre occurs in Odes^ I, 4.

17* Second SapjMc Strophe,

A so-called Aristophanic verse, followed by a
greater Sapphic.

This metre occurs in Odes, I, 8.

ivtii

MI'TKKS USED BY HORACE

18, Trochaic Strophe,

^ — w I — w f —

s,. I . - lo

A so-(‘alleci Euripidean verse, followed by an iambic
trimeter catalectie stopping short ”) ; cf, § 8.

This metre occurs in Odes, 11, 18.

19 Ionic a Minor e.

^ 1 w I w \ ^ (twice)

s.^ W— — I V-/ W «.-«• •

This metre occurs m Odes, III, 1^,

THE ODES OF HORACE

LIBER 1

I

Maecenas atavis edite regibus,
o et praesidium et dulce decus meum.
sunt quos curriculo pulverem Olympicum
collegisse iuvat metaque fervidis
evitat^i rotis palmaque nobilis
terrarum dominos evehit ad deos ;
hunc, si mobilium turba Quiritium
certat tergeminis tollere honoribus;
illurn, si proprio condidit horrt'o,
quicquid de Libycis verritur areis.
gaudentem patrios findere sarculo
agros Attalieis condicionibus
nuinquam demoveas, ut trabe Cypria
Myrtoum pavidus nauta secet mare,
luctantem Icariis fluctibus Africum
mercator metuens otium et 0{)pidi
laudat rura sui ; mox reficit rates
qu/issas, indocilis pauperiem j)ati,
est qui nec veteris pocula Massici

BOOK I

ODE I

Dedication to Maecenas

Maecenas, sprung from royal stock, my bulwark and
my glory dearly cherished, some tliere are whose one
delight it is to gather Oly^npic dust upon the racing
car, and whom tlie turning-j)ost cleared with glowing
wheel and the glorious palm exalt as masters of the
earth to the very gods. One man is glad if the mob
of hckle Romans strive to raise him to trij)le honours ;
another, if he has stored away in his own granary
everything swept up from Libyan threshing-floors.
The peasant who loves to break the clods of his
ancestral acres with the hoe, you could never induce
by the terms of an Attains to become a trembling sailor
and to plough the Myrtoan Sea in Cy{)rian bark. The
trader, fearing the southwester as it wrestles with the
Icarian waves, praises the quiet of the fields about
his native town, yet presently refits his shattered
barks, untaught to brook privation. Many a one
there is who scorns not bowls of ancient Massic
nor to steal a portion of the day's busy hours,

3

(Barmin VM liber i

iicc partem solido demere de die 20

speriiit, nunc viridi membra sub arbuto

stratus, nunc ad aquae lene caput sacrae.

multos castra iuvant et lituo tubae

permixtus sonitus bellaque matribus

detestata. manet sub love frigido

Venator tenerae coniugis immemor,

seu visa est catulis cerva fidelibus,

seu rupit teretes Marsus aper plagas.

me doctarum hederae praernia frontium

dis miscent superis, me gelidum nemns SO

nympharunique leves cum Satyris chori

secernunt populo, si neque tibias

Euterpe cohibet nec folyhymnia

Lesboum refugit tendere barbiton.

quodsi me lyricis vatibus inseris,

subllmi feriam sidera vertice.

4

ODES BOOK I. i

stretching his limbs now ’neath the verdant arbute*
tree, now l)y the sacred source of some gently
murmuring rill.

Many delight in the camp, in the sound of the trum-
pet mingled with the clarion, and in the wars that
mothers hate. Out beneath the cold sky, forgetful
of his tender wife, stays the hunter, whether a deer
has been sighted by the trusty hounds, or a Marsian
boar has broken tlie finely twisted nets,

Me the ivy, the reward of poets’ brows, links with
tlie gods above ; me the eool grove and the lightly
tripping bands of the nymplis and satyrs wittidraw
from the vulgar throng, if only Euterpe withhold not
the flute, nor Polyhymnia refuse to tune the Lesbian
lyre. But if you rank me among lyric bards, I shall
touch the stars with my exalted head.

CARMINVM LIBER I

II

Iam satis tcrris nivis atque dirae
graiidinis misit Pater et ruberite
dextera sacras iaculatus arces
terruit urbem,

terruit gentis, grave ne rediret
saeculum Pyrrhae nova monstra questae,
omne cum Proteus pecus cgit altos
visere monies,

piscium et sumina genus haesit ulmo,
nota quae sedes fuerat columbis, 10

et superiecto pavidae natarunt
aequore dammae.

vidimus flavum 'Piberim, retortis
litore Etrusco violenter undis,
ire deiectum monurrierita regiii
tem plaque Vestac,

Iliac dum se nimium querenti
iactat ultorem, vagus et sinistra
labitur ripa, love non probante, ux-

orius amnis. 20

6

ODES BOOK I

ODE II

To Augustus, the Deliverer and Hope o f the State
Enough already of dire snow and hail has the Father
sent upon the earth, and smiting with his red right
hand the sacred hill-tops has filled with fear the City
and the people, lest there should come again the
gruesome age of Pyrrha, who complained of marvels
strange, when Proteus drove all his herd to visit the
lofty mountains, and the tribe of fishes lodged in
elm- tops, that till then had been the wonted haunt
of doves, and the terror-stricken does swam in
the overwhelming flood.

We saw the 3'ell()w Tiber, its waves hurled back in
fury from the Tuscan shore, advance to overthrow
the King’s Memorial^ and Vesta’s shrines, showing
himself too ardent an avenger of complaining Ilia,
and spreading far and wide o’er the left bank without
Jove’s sanction, — fond river-god.

^ The Regia, the ofilcial residence of the Foniifex Maximus,
said to have been built by King Nuina.

7

^ARMINVM LIBER I
audiet ciris acuisse ferrurn,
quo graves Persae melius perirent,
audiet pugnas vitio parentum
rara iu vent us.

quern vocet divom populus ruentis
imperi rebus ? Prece qua fatigent
virgiiies sanctae minus audientem
camiina Vestam ?

cui dabit partes scelus expiandi
luppiter ? Tandem venias, precannir,
nube candentes umeros amictus,
augur Apollo; «

sive tu mavis, Erycina ridens,
quam locus circum volat et Cupido;
sive neglectum genus et nepoles
respicis, auctor,

heu nimis longo satiate ludo,
quern iuvat clamor galeaeque leves
acer et Mauri ^ pcditis cruentum
vultiis in hostein.

sive mutata iuvenem figura
ales in terris imitaris almae
filius Maiae, patiens vocari
Caesar is ultor :

^ Marsi Faber, Bentley^

ODES BOOK I. ii

Our children^ made fewer by their sires’ sins, shall
hear that citizen whetted against citizen the sword
whereby the Parthian foe had better perished, —
«hall hear of battles too.

Whom of the gods shall the folk call to the needs
of the falling enijnre ? With what entreaty shall
the holy Maidens importune Vesta, who heedeth not
their litanies ? To whom shall Jupiter assign the

task of atoning for our guilt ? Come thou at length,

•

we pray thee, prophetic Apollo, veiling thy radiant
shoulders in a cloud ; or thou, if thou wilt rather,
blithe goddess of Eryx, about whom hover Mirth
and Desire ; or thou, our author, if thou regardest
the neglected race of thy descendants, thou glutted
with the game of war, alas ! too long continued, thou
whose delight is in the battle-shout and glancing
helms and the grim vLsage of the Moorish foot-soldier
facing his blood-stained foe. Or thou, winged son
of benign Maia, if changing thy form, thou assumest
on earth the guise of man, right ready to be called
the avenger of Caesar : late mayest thou return to

9

CARMINVM UBP:R I
serus in caelum redeas, diiique
laetus intersis populo (iuirini,
neve te nostris vitiis iniquum
ocior aura

tollat ; hie magnos potius triumplios,
hie ames dici pater atque princeps,
neu sinas Medos equitare inultos,
te duce, Caesar.

ODES BOOK I. ii

the skies and long mayest thou be pleased to dwell
amid Quirinus' folk ; and may no untimely gale
waft thee from us angered at our sins ! Here rather
mayest thou love glorious triumphs, the name of
Father*’ and of Chief” ; nor suffer the Medes to
ride on their raids unpunished, wiiilst thou art our
leader, O Caesar 1

II

CAUMINVM LIBER I

III

Sic te diva potens Cypri,

sic fratres Helenae, lucida sidera,
ventorurrujue regat j)ater

ohstrictis aliis praeter lapyga,

navis, quae tibi credilum

debes Vergilium; finibiis Atlicis
reddas incolumem, precor,

et serves anirn§e dirnidium meae.

illi robur et aes triplex

circa pectus erat, qui fragiiem truci 10
comm i sit pel ago r a tern

primus, nec tiinuit praecipitem Africum

decertaiitem Aquilonibus

nec tristes Hyadas nec rabiem Noti,
quo non arbiter Hadriae

maior, tollere seu ponere volt freta.

quem mortis timuit gradura,

qui siccis oculis monstra natantia,
qui vidit mare turbidum ct

infames scopulos^ Acroceraunia ? ^0

ODES BOOK I

ODE III

To Virgil setting out for Greece
May the goddess who rules over Cyprus, may Helen’s
brothers, gleaming fires, and the father of the winds,
confining all but lapyx, guide thee so, O ship, which
owest to us Virgil entrusted to thee, — guide thee so
that thou shalt bring him safe to Attic shores, I pray
thee, and preserve the half of my own soul !

o

Oak and triple bronze must have girt the breast of
him who first committed his frail bark to the angry
sea, and who feared not the furious south-west wind
battling with the blasts of the north, nor the gloomy
Hyades, nor the rage of Notus, than whom there
is no mightier master of the Adriatic, whether he
choose to raise or calm the waves. What form of
Death’s approach feared he who with dry eyes gazed
on the swimming monsters, on the stormy sea, and
the ill-famed cliffs of Acroceraunia? Vain was the

IS

CARMINVM LIBER 1
ne(|ui(|uatn deus abscidit
{)rudens Oceano dissociabili
terras, si tamen impiae

noil tan^eiida rates transiliunt vacia.

audax omnia perpeti

fjens humana ruit per vetitum nefaa.
aiidax lapeti genus

ignem fraude mala gentibus intulit.

post ignem aetheria domo

subductum macies et nova febriuin 30

terris incubuit cohors,

seinotique {)rius*tarda necessitas

leti corripuit gradum.

exjiertus vacuum Daedalus agra
pinnis non homini datis ;

pernipit Acheronta Herculeus labor.

nil niortalibus ardui est;

caelum ipsuin petimus stultitia, necjue
per nostrum patimur sceliis

iracunda lovem ponere fulmina. 40

14

ODES BOOK I. iii

purpose of the god in severing the lands by the
estranging main, if in spite of him our impious ships
dash across the depths he meant should not be
touched. Bold to endure all things, mankind rushes
even through forbidden wrong. lapetus* daring son
by impious craft brought fire to the tribes of. men.
After fire was stolen from its home in heaven, wasting
disease and a new throng of fevers fell upon the
earth, and the doom of death, that before had been
slow and distant, quickened its pace. Daedalus
essayed the empty air on wings denied to man ; the
toiling Hercules burst through Acheron. No ascent
is too steep for mortals. Heaven itself we seek in
our folly, and through our sin we let not Jove lay
down his bolts of wrath.

15

CARMINVM IJBER I

IV

SoLviTVR acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
trail unique siccas machinae Carinas^
ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus aut arator igni,
nee prata canis albicant pruinis.

iam Cytherea choros ducit Venus imminente luna^
iunctaeque Nyniphis Gratiae decentes
alterno terram quatiunt pede, dum graves Cyclojnim
Volcanus ardens visit ^ officinas,

nunc decet aut viridi nitidum cajiut impedire myrto
kut flore, terrae quem ferunt solutae ; 10

nunc et in umbrosis Fauno decet imniolare lucis^
seu poscat agna sive malit haedo.

pallida Mors aequo pulsat pede pauperum tabernas
regumque turres. o beate Sesti,
vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incoliare longam.
iam te premet nox fabulaeque Manes

et domus exilis Plutonia ; quo simul mearis^
nec regna vini sortiere talis,
nec tenerum Lycidan mirabere, quo calet iuventus
nunc omnis et mox virgines tepebunt. 20

16

* Tifit mo$t MSiS,: urit a few poorer MSS,

ODES BOOK I

ODE IV
Spring's Lesson

Keen winter is breaking up at the welcome change
to spring and the Zephyr, and the tackles are hauling
dry hulls tow^ard the beach. No longer now does the
flock delight in tlie fold, or the ploughman in his
fireside, nor are the meadows longer white with hoary
frost. Already Cytherean Venus leads her dancing
bands beneath the o’erhanging moon, and the comely
Graces linked with Nymphs tread the earth with
tripping feet, while blazing Vulcan visits the mighty
forges of the Cyclopes. Notv is the fitting time to
garland our glistening locks with myrtle green or
with the blossoms that the unfettered earth brings
forth. Now also is it meet in shady groves to bring
sacrifice to Faunus, whether he demand a lamb or
prefer a kid.

Pale Death with foot impartial knocks at the poor
man’s cottage and at princes’ palaces. Despite thy
fortune, Sestius, life’s brief span forbids thy entering
on far-reaching hopes. Soon shall the night of Death
enshroud thee, and the phantom shades and Pluto’s
cheerless hall. As soon as thou corn’st thither,
no longer shalt thou by the dice obtiiin the lord-
ship of the feast, nor gaze with wonder on the
tender Lycidas, of whom all youths are now
enamoured and for whom the maidens soon shall
glow with love.

CARMINVM LIBER I

V

Qvis multa gracilis te puer in rosa
perfusus liquitlis urget odoribus
grato, Pyrrha, sub antro ?
cui flavarn religas comain,

simplex munditiis? heu quotiens fidem
mutatosque decs flebit et aspera
nigris aequora ventis
emirabitur insolens,

qui nunc te fmitur credulus aurea,
qui semper vacuam, semper amabilem
sperat, nescius aurae

fallacis. miseri, quibus

intemptata nites. me tabula saccr
votiva paries indicat uvida
suspend isse potenti
vestimenta maris deo.

ODES BOOK I

ODE V
To a Flirt

What slender youth, bedewed with perfumes, em-
braces thee amid many a rose, O Pyrrha, in tlie
pleasant grotto? For whom dost thou tie up thy
golden hair in simple elegance ? Alas ! How often
shall he lament changed faith and gods, and marvel
in surprise at waters rough \^ith darkening gales, who
now enjoys thee, fondly thinking thee all golden,
who hopes that thou wilt ever be free of passion for
another, ever lovely, — ignorant he of the treacherous
breeze. Ah, wretched they to whom thou, untried,
dost now appear so dazzling ! As for me, the temple
wall with ita votive tablet shows I have hung up
my dripping garments to the god who is master
of the sea.

19

CARMINVM LIBER J

VI

ScniBERis Vario forlis et hostium
victor Maeonii carmiiiis alite^
quam rem cumqiie ferox navibus aiit cquis
miles te duce gesserit.

nos, Agrippa, neque haec dicere nec graveni
Felidae stomachum cedere nescii
nec cursus duplicis pt*r mare Vlixei
nec saevam Pelopis domum

conamur, tenues grandia, dum pud or
imbellisque lyrae Musa potens vctat 10

laudes egregii Caesaris et tuas
culpa deterere ingeni,

quis Martem tunica tectum adamantina
digne scripserit aut pulvere Troico
nigrum Merionen aut ope Palladis
1 ydiden superis parem ?

nos con vi via, nos proelia virgin um
sectis in iuvenes unguibus acrium
cantamus, vacui, sive quid urimur,

non praeter solitum leves. SO

fO

ODES BOOK I

ODE VI

Horace is unable worthily to sing the Praises
of Agrippa

Thou shalt be heralded by Varius, a poet of Homeric
flight, as valiant and victorious o'er the foe, whatever
exploit with ships or horse the daring soldier has
achieved under thy leadership. No such deeds,
Agrippa, do I essay to sing nor the fell anger of
Peleus’ son, who knew not how to yield, nor the
wanderings o’er the sea of tfie crafty Ulysses, nor the
cruel house of l^elops, — too feeble I for such lofty
themes, since modesty and the Muse that presides
over the lyre of peace forbid me lessen by defect
of skill noble Caesar’s glory and thine own. Who
could fittingly tell of Mars clad in his adamantine
tunic.? Of Meriones begrimed with Trojan dust, or
Tydides, a match, with Pallas’s help, for the immortals.?
I sing but of banquets, I sing but of combats of
maidens fiercely attacking the young men with
trimmed nails, easy as is my wont, whether fancy
free or fired by a spark of love.

fl

CARMINVM LIBER I

VII

Lavdabvnt alii claram Rhodon aut Mytiicnen
aut Ephesum bimarisve Corinthi
moenia vel Baccho Thebas vel Apolline Del[)hos
insignes aut Tliessala Tempe.

sunt quibus uniiin opus est, intactae Palladis urbcm
carmine perpetiio celebrare et
undique decerptam fronti praeponere olivam.
plurimus in lunonis honorem

aptum dicet equis Argos ditesque Mycenas.

me nee tarn patieris Lacedaemon 10

nec tarn Larisae percussit campus opimae,
quam domus Albuneae resonantis

et praeceps Anio ac Tibumi lucus et uda
mobilibus pomaria rivis.
albus ut obscuro deterget nubila caelo
saepe Notus neque parturit imbres

perpetuos, sic tu sapiens finire memento
tristitiam vitaeque labores
molli, Fiance, mero, seu te fulgentia signis

castra tenent seu densa tenebit 20

22

ODES BOOK 1

ODE VII
In Praise of Tibur

Let others praise famed Rhodes, or Mitylene, or
Ephesus, or the walls of Corinth, that overlooks two
seas, or I'hebes renowned for Bacchus, Delphi for
Apollo, or Thessalian Tempe. Some there are whose
only task it is to hymn in unbroken song the town of
virgin Pallas and to place upon their brows a wreath
of olive gathered from every quarter. Many a one in
Juno’s honour shall sing of horse-breeding Argos and
of rich Mycenae. As for me, not hardy Lacedaemon,
or the plain of bounteous Larisa has so struck my
fancy as Albunea’s echoing grotto and the tumbling
Anio, Tiburnus’ grove and the orchards watered by
the coursing rills.

As Notus is oft a clearing wind and dispels the
clouds from darkened skies nor breeds perpetual
showers, so do thou, O Plancus, remember wisely to
end life’s gloom and troubles with mellow wine,
whether the camp gleaming with standards holds thee

S3

CARMINVM LIBER I
Tiburis umbra tui. Teucer Salamina patremque
cum fugeret, tamen uda Lyaeo
tempera populea fertur vinxisse corona,
sic tristes adfatus amicos :

quo nos cumque feret melior fortuna parente,
ibimus, o socii comitesque !
nil desperandum Teucro duce et auspice Teucro
certus enim promisit Apollo

ambiguam tellure nova Salamina futuram.
o fortes peioraque passi
mecum saepe viri, nunc vino pellite curas ;
eras ingens iterabimus aequor."*

ODES BOOK I. vii

or the dense shade of thine own Tibur shall encompass
thee. Teuccr, as he fled from Salamis and his father,
is yet said to have bound garlands of poplar about his
temples flushed with wine, addressing thus his
sorrowing friends : Whithersoever Fortune, kinder
than my sire, shall bear us, thither let us go, O
friends and comrades! Never despair under Teucer’s
lead and Teucer’s auspices ! For the unerring Apollo
pledged us that there should be a second Salamis in
a new land. O ye brave heroes, who with me have
often suffered worse misfiprtunes, now banish care
with wine ! To-morrow we will take again our course
over the mighty main.^

CARMINVM LIBER I

vin

Lydia, die, per omnes

te decs oro, Sybarin cur properes amando
perdere ; cur apricum

oderit campum, patiens pulveris atque solis ;
cur Deque militaris

inter aequales equitet, Gallica nec lupatis
temperet ora frenis. ,

cur timet flavum Tiberim tangere ? cur olivum

sanguine viperino

cautius vitat, neque iam livida gestat arniis 10
bracchia, saepe disco,

saepe trans finem iaculo nobilis expedite ?

quid latet, ut marinae

filium dicunt Thetidis sub lacrimosa Troiae
funera, ne virilis

cultus in caedem et Lycias proriperet catervas ?

26

ODES BOOK I

ODE VIII

St^baris* Infatuation for Lydia
In the name of all the gods, tell me, Lydia, why
thou art bent on ruining Sybaris with love ; why he
hates the sunny Campus, he who once was patient of
the dust and sun ; wdiy he rides no more among his
soldier mates, nor restrains the mouth of his Gallic
steed with jagged bit 1 Why does he fear to touch
the yellow Tiber ? Why does he shun the wrestling-oil
more warily than viper’s blood, nor longer show his
arms bruised with weapon practice, he who once was
filmed for hurling, oft the discus, oft the javelin,
beyond the farthest mark ? Why tloes he skulk, as
they say the son of sea-born Thetis did, when the
time of Troy’s tearful destruction drew near, for fear
that tlie garb of men should hurry him to slaughter
and the Lycian bands ?

27

CARMINVM LIBER I

IX

ViDEs ut alta stet nive candid uin
Soracte, nec iam sustineant onus
silvae laborantes^ geluque
flumina constiterint acuto ?

dissolve frigus ligna super foco
large reponens atque benignius
deprome quadrimum Sabina,
o Thaliarche, merum diota.

permitte divis cetera, qui simul
stravere ventos aequore fervido
deproeliantes, nec cupressi
nec veteres agitantur orni.

quid sit fiiturum eras, fuge quaerere el
quern Fors dierum cumque dabit, lucro
appone nec duloes aniores

sperne puer neque tu choreas,

donee virenti canities abest
morosa, nunc et campus et areae
lenesque sub iioctem susurri
composita repetantur hora,

nunc et latentis proditor intuino
gratus puellae risus ab angulo
pignusque dereptum lacertis
aut digito male pertinaci.

ODES BOOK I

ODE IX

Winter without Bids Us Make merry within

Seest thou how Soracte stands glistening in its
mantle of snow, and how the straining woods no longer
uphold their burden, and the streams are frozen
with the biting cold ? Dispel the cliill by piling high
the wood upon the hearth, and right generously
bring forth in Sabine jar tlie wine four winters old,
O Thaliarchus ! Leave to the gods all else ; for so
soon as they have stilled tlje winds battling on the
seething deep, the cyj)resses and ancient ash-trees
are no longer shaken. Cease to ask what the morrow
will bring forth, and set down as gain each day that
Fortune grants ! Nor in thy youth neglect sweet
love nor dances, whilst life is still in its bloom and
crabbed age is far away ! Now let the Campus be
sought and the squares, with low whispers at the
trysting-hour as night draws on, and the merry
tell-tale laugh of maiden hiding in farthest comer,
and the forfeit snatched from her arm or finger
that but feigns resistance.

CARMINVM LIBEU I

X

Mkrcvri, facunde nepos Atlantis,
qui feros cultus hominum recentum
voce formasti catus et decorae
more palaestrae,

te canam, magni lovis et deorum
nuntium curvaeque lyrae parentem,
callidum, quicquid placuit, iocoso
condere furto.

I

te, boves olim nisi reddidisses
per dolum amotas, puerum ininaci 10

voce duin terret, viduos pliaretra
risit Apollo.

quin et Atridas duce te superbos
Ilio dives Priamus relicto
Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Troiae
castra fefellit.

tu pias laetis animas reponis
sedibus virgaque levem coerces
aurea turbam, superis deorum

gratus et imis. SO

50

ODES BOOK 1

ODE X
Hymn to Mercury

O Mercury, grandson eloquent of Atlas, thou that
with wise insight didst mould the savage ways of
men just made, by giving speech and setting up the
grace-bestowing wrestling-ground, thee will I sing,
messenger of mighty Jove and of the gods, and father
of the curving lyre ; clever, too, to hide in sportive
stealth whatever thy fancy chose. Once in thy boy-
hood, as Apollo strove with threatening words to fright
thee, sliould'st thou not return the kine thy craft had
stolen, he laughed to find himself bereft of quiver too.
'Twas by ihy guidance also that Priam, laden with
rich gifts, when leaving Ilium, escaped the proud
Atridae, the Thessalian watch-fires, and the camp that
menaced Troy. 'Tis thou dost bring the pious souls
to their abodes of bliss, marshalling the shadowy
throng with golden wand, welcome alike to gods
above and those below.

SI

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XI

Tv ne quaesieris — scire nefas — quern mihi, quern tibi
finem di dederint, Leuconoe, nec Babylonios
temptaris numeros. ut melius, quicquid erit, pati 1
seu plures hiemes, sen tribuit luppiter ultiniam,
quae nunc oppositis debilitat pumicibus mare
Tyrrhenum. sapias, vinA liques, et spatio brevi
spem longam reseces. dum loquimur, fugerit invida
aetas ; carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XI

Enjoy the Passing Hour /

Ask not, Leuconoe (we cannot know), what end the
gods have set for me, for thee, nor make trial of the
Babylonian tables^! How much better to endure
whatever comes, whether Jupiter allots us added
winters or whether this is last, which now wears out
the Tuscan Sea upon the barrier of the cliffs ! Show
wisdom. Strain clear the wine ; and since life is
brief, cut short far-reaching hopes ! Even while we
speak, envious Time has sped. Reap the harvest of
to-day, putting as little trust as may be in the
morrow !

^ Referring to the calculations of the Chaldaean astrologers.

CARMINVM LIBER I

XII

Qvem virum aut heroa lyra vel acri
tibia suinis celebrare, Clio ?
quem deum ? cuius reciiiet iocosa
nomen imago

aut in umbrosis Heliconis oris
aut super Pindo gelWlove in Haemo,
unde vocalem temere iiisecutae
Orphea silvae,

arte matema rapidos moraiitem
fluminum lapsus celeresque ventos, 10

blandum et auritas ^dibus canoris
ducere quercus ?

quid prius dicam solitis parentis
laudibus, qui res hominum ac deorum,
qui mare et terras variisque mundum
temperat horis ?

unde nil maius generatur ipso,
nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum
proximos illi tamen occupavit
Pallas honores,

ODES BOOK I

ODE XII

The Praises of A agustus

What man, what hero dost thou take to herald on
the lyre or clear-toned flute, O Clio ? VV^hat god ^
Whose name shall the playful echo make resound on
the shady slopes of Helicon or on Pindus’ top or on
cool Haemus, whence in copfusion the trees followed
after tuneful Orpheus, who by the skill his mother
had imparted stayed the swift courses of the
streams and rushing winds ; persuasive, too, with his
melodious lyre to draw the listening oaks in his
train.

What shall I sing before the wonted praises of the
Father, who directs the destinies of men and gotls,
who rules the sea and lands and the sky with its
shifting seasons ? From whom is begotten nothing
greater than himself, nor doth aught flourish like or
even next to him. Yet the glory nearest his, Pallas,
bold in battle, hath secured. Nor will I fail to mention

35

CARMINVM LIBER 1
proeliis audax ; neque te silebo,

Liber, et saevis inimica virgo
beluis, nec te, metuende certa
Phoebe sagitta.

dicam et Alciden puerosque Ledae,
hunc equis, ilium superare pugnis
nobilem ; quorum simul alba nautis
Stella refulsit,

defluit saxis agitatus iimor,
coiicidunt venti fugiuntque nubes, SO

et niiiiax, quod sic voluere, ponto
unda recumbit.

Romulum post hos prius an quietum
Pompili regiium incmorem an superbos
Tarquini fasces, dubito, an Catonis
nobile letum.

Regulum et Scauros animaeque magnae
prodigum Paulum, superante Poeno,
gratus iiisigni referam camena

Fabrioiumque. 40

hunc et intonsis Curium capillis
utilem bello tulit et Camillum
saeva paupertas et avitus a})to
<;um lare fundus.

36

ODES BOOK I. xii

thee, O Bacchus, nor thee, O virgin goddess, a foe to
savage creatures, nor thee, O Phoebus, to be dreaded
for thine unerring arrow. I will sing Alcides, too,
and Leda’s sons, famed, the one for victories with
horses, the other for his skill in boxing ; as soon as
their clear star shines out for sailors, down from the
clifis flows the storm-tossed water, the winds subside,
the clouds flee, and the threatening billow, because
they so have willed, falls to rest upon the deep.

After these I know not tvhetlier to tell first of
Romulus, of Pompiliiis* peaceful reign, or the proud
fasces of Tarquinius, or of Cato’s noble death. Re-
gulus and the Scauri and Paulus, generous of his
noble life, what time the Carthaginian prevailed, will
I gratefully celebrate in glorious song, — Fabricius,
too. Him and Curius with his unshorn locks and
Camillus, stern poverty bred fit for war and a farm
handed down from father to son with homestead to

m

CARMINVM LIBER I

crescit occulto velut arbor aevo
fama Marcelli ^ ; micat inter omnt s
III Hum sidus, velul inter ignes
luna minores.

gentis humanae paler atquc custos,
orte Saturno, tibi cura iiiagni 50

Caesaris fatis data : tu secundo
Caesare regnes.

ille sen Parthos Latio imminentes
egerit iusto domitos triumpho,
sive subiectos Orfcntis orae
Seras et Indos^

te minor latum reget aequus orbem :
tu gravi curru quaties Olympum,
tu parum castis inimica mittes

fulmina lucis. 6()

1 Marcel li MSS, : MarcelliB, Pcerlkamp*$ conjecture^ it aaopted
hy many editors*

ODES BOOK L xii

match. The glory of Marcellus, like a tree, grows
by the silent lapse of time. As the moon among
the lesser lights, so shines the Julian constellation
amid all others.

O Father and Guardian of the human race, thou
son of Saturn, to thee by fate has been entrusted
the charge of mighty Caesar ; mayst thou be lord of
all, with Caesar next in power I Whether he lead in
well-earned triumph the humhiea l^arthians, that now
threaten Latium, or the Seres and Indians lying
along the borders of the East, second to thee
alone shall he with justice rule the broail earth ; be
it thine to shake Olympus with thy ponderous chariot,
thine to hurl thy angry bolts upon polluted groves !

CARMINVM LIBER I

XIII

CvM tu, Lydia, Telephi

cervicem roseam, cerea Telepin
laudas bracchia, vae, meum

fervens diificili bile tumet iecur.

tunc nec mens mihi nec color

certa sede manet, umor et in gen as
furtim labitur, arguens

quara lent is penitus macerer ignibus.

uror, seu tibi candidos

turparunt umeros immodicae mero
rixae, sive puer furens

impressit memorem dente labris notam.

non, si me satis aiidias,

speres perpetuum dulcia bar bare
laedentem oscula, quae Venus
quinta parte sui nectaris imbuit.

felices ter et amplius,

quos inrupta tenet copula nec mails
divulsus querimoniis

fluprema citius solvet amor die.

iO

10

20

ODES BOOK I

ODE XIII
Jealousy

When thou, O Lydia, praisest Telephus' rosy neck,
Telephus’ waxen arms, alas 1 my burning heart swells
with angry passion. Then my senses abide no more in
tlieir firm seat, nor does my colour remain unchanged,
and the moist tear glides stealthily down my cheek,

■t

proving with what lingering fires I am inwardly de-
voured. I kindle with anger whether a quarrel waxing
hot with wine has harmed thy gleaming shoulders,
or the frenzied lad has with his teeth imprinted a
lasting mark upon thy lips. Didst thou but give
heed to me, thou wouldst not hope for constancy in
him who savagely profanes the sweet lips that Venus
has imbued with the quintessence of her own nectar.
Thrice happy and more are they whom an unbroken
bond unites and whom no sundering of love by
wretched quarrels shall separate before life’s final
day.

4 ?

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XIV

O NAVIS, referent in mare te novi
iluctus. o quid agis ! fortiter occu])a
portum. nonne vides, ut
nudum remigio latus

et malus celeri saucius Africo
antemnaeque gemant, ac sine funibus
vix durare carina?j
possint imperiosius

aequor ? non tibi sunt Integra lintea,
non di, quos iterum pressa voces malo.
quamvis Pontica piims,
silvae filia nobilis,

iactes et genus et nomen inutile ;
nil pictis timidus navita puppibus
fidit. tu, nisi ventis
debes ludibrium, cave.

nuper sollicitum quae milii taediura,
nunc desiderium curaque non levis,
interfusa nitentes

vites aequora Cycladas.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XIV

To the Ship of State

O SHIP, new billows threaten to bear thee out to sea
again. Beware ! Haste valiantly to reach the haven 1
Seest thou not how thy bulwarks are bereft of oars,
how thy sliattered mast and yards are creaking in tlie
driving gale, and how thy hull without a girding-
rope can scarce witlistand the overmastering sea ?
Thy canvas is no longer whole, nor hast thou gods
to call upon when again beset by trouble. Though
thou be built of Pontic pine, a child of far famed
forests, and though thou boast thy stock and useless
name, yet the timid sailor puts no faitli in gaudy
sterns. Beware lest tliou become the wild gale’s sport I
Do tliou, who wert not long ago to me a source of
worry and of weariness, but art now my love and
anxious care, avoid the seas that course between the
glistening Cyclades I

45

CARMINVM LIBER I

XV

Pastor cum traheret per freta navibus
Idaeis Helenen perfidus hospitam,
ingrato celeres obruit otio
ventos, ut caneret fera

Nereus fata ; mala duels avi domum,
quam multo repetet Graecia milite,
coniurata tuas rumpere nuj)tias
et regnum Priami vetus.

eheu, quantus equis, quantus adest viris
sudor! quanta moves funera Dardanae 10

genti ! iam galeam Pallas et aegida
currusque et rabiem parat.

nequicquam Veneris praesidio ferox
pectes caesariem grataque feminis
imbelli cithara carmina divides ;
nequicquam thalamo graves

hastas et calami spicula Cnosii
vitabis strepitumque et celerem sequi
Aiacem : tamen^ heu serus 1 adulteros

crines pulvere collines. 20

44

ODES BOOK 1

ODE XV

The Prophecy of Nereus

As the treacherous shepherd youth was hurrying his
whilom hostess Helen o’er the waves in Trojan bark,
Nereus checked the swift gales with an unwelcome
calm, that he might foretell the cruel fates : " ’Tis
under evil auspices that thou art leading home a
bride whom Greece with ijpaiiy a champion shall
seek again, sworn to break thy wedlock and destroy
the ancient realm of Priam. Alas ! What toil for
steeds, what toil for men is looming near ! W hat
disaster art thou bringing on the Trojan folk !
Already Pallas makes ready her helmet, her aegis,
her car, and is whetting her fury. In vain, em-
boldened by Venus’ help, shalt thou comb thy
tresses and sing to the music of the unwarlike lyre
the songs that women love ; vainly in thy chamber’s
retreat shalt thou shun the heavy spears and darts
of Cretan reed, the battle’s din, and Ajax fleet to
follow. In spite of all, thou shalt yet (alas ! too
late) defile in the dust thy adulterous locks. Heedest

C

45

CARMINVM LIBER I

non Latirtiaden, exitium tuae
gentis, non Pylium Nestora rcsj>icis ?
urgent impavidi te Salarninius
Teucer, te Sthenelus, sciens

pugnae, sive opus est imperitare equis,
non auriga piger. Merionen quoque
nosces. ecce furit te reperire atrox
Tydides inelior patre,

quern tu, cervos uti vallis in altera
visurn parte lupura graminis immenior,
sublinii fugies ny>llis anheliiu,
non hoc pollicitus tuae.

iracunda diem proferet Ilio
matronisque Phrygum classis Achillei ;
post certas hiemes uret Achaicus
ignis Pergameas * dornos."

1 Pergameas van O 4 , 1600 : lliacas MSiS,

30

46

ODES BOOK 1. XV

thou not Laertes* son, the scourge of thy race ?
No? Nor Pylian Nestor? Dauntlessly upon thee
press Teucer of Salamis and Sthenelus skilled in
battle, or, if occasion call to guide the car, no
sluggish charioteer. Meriones, too, shalt thou come
to know. Lo ! Fierce Tydides, brave father s braver
son, is furious to hunt thee out. Him shalt thou flee
faint-hearted, panting with head thrown high, as the
deer forgets its pasturage and flees the wolf seen
across the valley, though to thy mistress thou didst
promise a far different prowess.

The wrath of Achilles’ followers may put off the
day of doom for Ilium and the Trojan matrons ; yet
after the allotted ye*ars the fires of Greece shall burn
the homes of Pergamus.

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XVI

O MATRE pulchra filia pulchrior,
queni criniinosis cumque voles nioclum
pones iambis, sive flamma
sive mari libet Hadriano.

non Dindymene, non adytis quatit
nientem sacerdotum incola Pjthius,
non Liber aeqii^, non acuta

sic ^ geminant Corybantes aera,

tristes ut irae, quas neque Noricus
deterret ensis nec mare naufragum 10

nec saevus ignis nec trernendo
luppiter ipse mens tumultu.

fertur Prometheus addere principi
limo coactus particulam undique
desectam et insani leonis

vim stomacho apposuisse nostro.

irae Thyesten exitio gravi
stravere et altis urbibus ultimae
stetere causae, cur perirent

funditus imprimeretque muris 20

^ sic MSS* : si Bentley ^ followed hy many editor * .

48

ODES BOOK I

ODE XVI
The Poet's Recantation

O MAIDEN, fairer than thy mother fair, make any end
thou wilt of my abusive lines, be it with fire or in
the waters of the Adriatic 1

Not Dindymene, not the god who dwells in Pytho’s
shrine, when he tlirillsthe prfestess* soul, not Bacchus,
not the Corybants, when they clash their shrill-
sounding cymbals, so agitate the breast as doth
grim anger, which neither the Noric sword represses,
nor the sea that wrecketh ships, nor fierce fire, nor
Jupiter himself, when he dashes down in awful fury.

Prometheus, as goes the tale, when forced to add
to our primeval clay a portion drawn from every
creature, put also in our breasts the fury of the
ravening lion. 'Twas anger that laid Thyestes low
in dire destruction, and that has ever been the
primal cause why lofty cities perished utterly, and

49

CARMINVM LIBER I
hostile aratrum exercitus insol ens.
coinpesce mentem : me quoque pectoris
temptavit in dulci iuventa
fervor et in celeres iambos

misit furentem ; nunc ego mitibus
mu tare quaero tristia, clum iriilii
fias recan tatis am^ca

opprobriis animumque redrlas.

50

ODES BOOK I. xvi

the hostile hosts in exultation ran the plough over
their fallen walls. Restrain thy spirit ! Me too in
youth *s sweet day eager passion tempted and drove
in madness to impetuous verse. Now I would change
those bitter lines for sweet, wouldst thou only become
my friend and give me again thy heart, since 1 have
recanted my harsh wordij.

51

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XVII

Vklox amoenum saepe Lucretilem
mutat Lycaeo Faun us et igneam
defendit aestatem capellis
usque meis pluviosque ventos.

impune tutum per nemus arbuios
quaerunt latenteset thyma deviae
olentis uxores mariti,

nec virid^smetuunt colubras

nec Martialis haediliae ^ lupos,
utcunique dulci, Tyndari, fistula 10

valles et Vsticae cubantis
levia personuero saxa.

di me tuentur, dis pietas mea
et Musa cordi est. hie tibi copia
manabit ad plenum bemigno
ruris honorum opulenta cornu.

hie in reducta valle Caniculae
vitabis aestus, et fide Teia
dices laborantis in uno

Penelopen vitreamque Circe n ; 20

1 haediliae MSS*, supported by ancient glosses : fornurly taken
as a proper name {J/aeddiae),

52

ODES BOOK 1

ODE XVII

An Invitation to Country Joyt
In swift passage Faunas often changes Lycaeus for
fair Lucretilis, and wards off from my goats the fiery
heat and rainy winds during all his stay. Harmlessly
through safe thickets do the roaming consorts of the
rank he goat hunt the hiding arbutus anti thyme.
Nor do the kids have fear of poisonous snakes or of
the wolf, the war god’s favourite, when once, O
Tyndaris, sloping Ustica’s vales and smooth*worn
rocks have echoed with the sweet pipe (of Pan).
The gods are my protection ; to the gods both my
devotion and my muse are dear. In this spot shall
rich abundance of the glories of the field flow to the
full for thee from bounteous horn. Here in retired
valley shalt thou escape the dog-star’s heat; t^nd sing
on Teiaii lyre Penelope and Circe of the glassy sea,

CARMINVM LIBER I
hie innocentis pocula Lesbii
duces sub umbra, nec Semeleius
cum Marte confundet Thyoneus
proelia, nec metues protervnni

suspecta Cyriim, ne male dispari
incontinentes iniciat manus
et seindat haerentem coronam
crinibus immeritamque vestem.

54

ODES BOOK I. xvii

enamoured of the self-same hero. Here shalt thou
quaff bowls of harmless Lesbian wine beneath the
shade, nor shall Thyoneus, child of Semele, engage
in broils with Mars. Nor shalt thou, watched with
jealous eye, fear the wanton Cyrus, lest he lay rude
hands on thee, a partner lii-suited to his cruel ways,
or lest he remct tne garland clinging to thy locks, or
thy unoffending robe.

55

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XVIII

Nvllam, Vare, sacra vite prius sevens arborem

circa mite solum Tiburis et moenia Catili ;

siccis omnia nam dura deus proposuit neque

mordaces aliter diffugiunt sollicitudines.

quis post vina gravem militiam aut pauperiem crepat ?

quis non te potius, Bacche pater, teque, decens Venus ?

f

ac ne quis modici transiliat munera Liberi,

Centaurea monet cum Lapithis rixa super mero
debellata, monet Sithoniis non levis Euhius,
cum fas atque nefas exiguo fine libidinum 1 0

discernunt avidi. non ego te, candide Bassareu,
invitura quatiam nec variis obsita frondibus
sub divum rapiam. saeva tene cum Berec 3 aitio
cornu tympana, quae subsequitur caecus Amor sui
et tollens vacuum plus nimio Gloria verticem
arcanique Fides prodiga, pcrlucidior vitro.

56

ODES BOOK I

ODE XVIII
The Praises of Wine

O Varus, plant no tree in preference to the sacred
vine about the mellow soil of Tibur and by the walls
of Catilus 1 For to the abstemious has the god ordained
that everything be hard, nor are cankering cares
dispelled except by Bacchus’ gift. Who, after
his wine, harps on the hardships of campaigns
or poverty ? Who does not ratlier glorify thee, O
Father Bacchus, and thee, O comely Venus ? And
yet, that no one pass the bounds of moderation in
enjoying Liber’s gifts, we have a lesson in the
Centaurs’ contest with the Lapitliae, fought out to the
bitter end over the festal board ; we have a lesson,
too, in the Sithonians. hated by Bacchus when,
furious with desire, they distinguish right and
wrong only by the narrow line their passions draw.
I’ll not be the one, fair Bassareus, to rouse thee against
thy will, nor to expose to the light of day thy mystic
emblems covered with leaves of many kinds. Repress
the wild cymbal along with Berecyntian horn, orgies
followed by blind self-love, by vainglory that lifts its
empty head too high aloft, and by a faith that betrays
its trust, transparent more than glass !

CAHMINVM LIBER I

XIX

Mater saeva Cupidinum

Thebanaeque iubet me Semelae puer
et lasciva Liceiitia

finitis aninium reddere amoribus.

urit me Glycerae nitor,

spleudeiitis Pario inarmore purius ;
urit grata protervitifs

et vultus iiiinium lubricus aspici,

in me tota ruens Venii9

Cyprum deseruit, iiec patitur Scythas
et versis anirnosum equis

Parthum dicere^ nec quae nihil attinent.

hie vivum mihi caespitem, hie
verbenas, pueri, ponite turaque
bimi cum patera meri :

maetata veniet lenior hostia.

10

58

ODES BOOK I

ODE XIX
The Chaims of Gl^cera

The Cupids* cruel mother with the son of Theban
Semele and s])ortive Wantonness bid me g-ive heed
again to loves I dreamed were ended. 1 am enamoured
of Glycera’s beauty, more da/.zling than Parian
marble ; I am enamoured of her sweet forwardness
and her face seductive to behold. Upon me Venus,
leaving her Cyprus, has fallen with all her j)ower,
and permits me not to sing of the Scythians, of
the Parthians bold in flight, or of aught irrelevant.
Here set me up, O slaves, an altar of verdant turf.’
Here put sprays of leaves, and incense, with a bowl
of last year’s unmixed wine ! The goddess will be
less cruel at her coming, if I sacritice a victim.

CARMINVM LIBEIi I

XX

Vile potabis modicis Sabinum
canlliaris, Graeca quod ego ij)se testa
conditurn levi, datus in theatro
cum tibi plausus,

care ^ Maecenas eques, ut paterni
fiuminis ripae simul et iocosa
redderet laudes tiln Vaticaiii
mentis imago.

Caecubum et prelo domitam Caleno
turn 2 bibes * uvam ; mea nec Falernae
temperant vites neque Formiani
pocula colies.

' care ; dare initrpolaUd MBS,

* turn Porphyrion: tu MSS,

• bibas KclUr,

ODES BOOK I

ODR XX

An Invitation to Maecenas

Come, drink with me — cheap Sabine, to be sure, and
out of common tankards, yet wine that I with my
own hand put up and sealed in a Grecian jar, on the
day, dear Knight Maecenas, when such applause was
paid thee in the Theatre that with one accord the
banks of thy native stream and tlie sportive eclio
of Mount Vatican returned thy praises. Then thou
shalt drink Caecuban and the juice of grapes crushed
by Cales’ presses; my cups are flavoured neither
with the product of Faiernum^s vines nor of the
Formian hills.

6l

CARMINVM LIBKR I

XXI

Dianam teiierae dicite vir^nes,
intonsum, pueri, dicite Cynthium
Latohamque supremo
dilectam penitus lovi.

VOS laetam fluviis et nemoriim coma,
quaecunique aut gelido prominet Algido,
nigris aut Eryinanthi
silvis aut viridis Cragi ;

VOS Tempe totidem tollite laudibus
natalemque, mares, Delon Apollinis, 10

insignernque pharetra

fraternaque unierum lyra.

hie bellum lacrimosum, hie miseram famem
pcsternque a populo et principe Caesare in
Persas atque Britfinnos
vestra motus aget prece.

63

ODES BOOK 1

ODE XXI

In Praise of Latona and Her Children
Praise Diana, O ye maidens tender I Praise, O ye
lads, unshorn Apollo, and Latona, fondly loved by
Jove supreme ! Praise ye, O maidens, her who de-
lights in streams and in the foliage of the groves that
stand out on cool Algidus or amid the black woods of
Erymanthus and verdant Cragus ! Do ye, O lads,
with praises just as many, glorify Tempe and Delos,
Apollo's natal isle, and the god’s shoulder, adorned
with quiver and with the lyre invented by his brother's
cunning ! Moved by your prayer he shall ward off
tearful war, wretched plague and tamine from the
tolk and from our sovereign Caesar, and send these
woes against the Parthian and the Briton.

63

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXII

Integer vitae scelerisque piirus
non eget Mauris iaculis neque arcu
nec venenatis gravida sagittis,

Fusee, pharetra,

sive per Syrtes iter aestuosas
sive facturus ^)er inhospitalem
Caucasum vel quae loca fabulosus
lambit Hydaspes.

namque me silva^ lupus in Sabina,
dum meam canto Lalagen et ultra 10

terminum curis vagor expeditis,
fugit inermein ;

quale portentum neque militaris
Daunias latis alit aesculetis
nec lubae tellus general, leonum
arida nutrix.

pone me pigris ubi nulla campis
arbor aestiva recreatur aura,
quod latus mundi nebulae mal usque

luppiter urget ; 20

pone sub curru nimium propinqui
solis in terra domibus negata :
dulce ridentem Lalagen amabo,
dulce loquentem.

64

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXII

From the Righteous Man even the Wild Beasts Run
away

He who is upright in his way of life and unstained by
guilt, needs not Moorish darts nor bow nor quiver
loaded with poisoned arrows, Fuscus, whether his way
shall be through the sweltering Syrtes or the cheerless
Caucasus or the regions that storied Hydaspes w^aters.
For as I was singing of my Lalage and wandering far
beyond the boundaries of farm in Sabine woods,
unarmed and free from care, there fled from me a
wolf, a monster such as not martial Daunia nurtures
in her broad oak forests, nor the parched land of
Juba, nurse of lions, breeds.

Place me on the lifeless plains where no tree
revives under the summer breeze, a region of the
world o*er which brood mists and a gloomy sky ; set
me beneath the chariot of the sun \\hc*re it draws too
near the earth, in a land denied for dwellings ! I will
love my sweetly laughing, sweetly prattling Lalage.

65

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXIII

Vitas hinnuleo me similis, Chloe^
quaerenti pavidam montibus aviis
matrem non sine vano
aurarum et siluae metu.

nam seu mobilibus veris^ inhorruit
adventus foliis, sgu virides rubum
dimovere lacertae,

et corde et genibus tremit.

atqui non ego te tigris ut aspera
Gaetulusve leo frangere perseqnor;
tandem desine matrem
tempestiva sequi viro.

1 vepris inhorruit ad veutos Bentley^ KdUr.

10

66

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXIII
Fear me not, Chloe !

Thou shunnest me, Chloe, like a fawn that seeks its
timid mother o’er trackless hills, filled with needless
terror of the breezes and the w'oods. For it quivers
in heart and limb, if through the light hung leaves
hath run the shiver of spring’s approach, or the
green lizards have pusned aside tne bramble. Yet
my purpose is not to crush thee bke a savage tiger
or Gaetulian lion. Cease at length to follow thy
mother, since now thou art ripe for a mate 1

67

CARMINVM LIBER J

XXIV

Qvis desiderio sit pudor aut modus
tarn cari ca{)itis ? praecij)e lu^ubres
caiitus, Melpomene, cui liquidain pater
vocem cum cithara dedit.

ergo Quiiitilium perpetuus sopor
urget ? cui Pudor et lustitiae soror,
incorrupta Fides,«nudaque Veritas,
quando ullum inveniet parem ?

multis ille bonis flebilis occidit,
nulli flebilior quam tibi, Vergili. 10

tu frustra pius heu non ita creditum
poscis Quintilium deos.

quid, si Threioio blandius Orpheo
auditam moderere arboribus fidem ?
num vanae redeat sanguis imagini,
quam virga semel horrida,

non lenis precibus fata reel ud ere,
nigro compulerit Mercurius gregi ?
durum : sed levius fit patientia,

quicquid corrigere est nefas. 20

68

ODES BOOK 1

ODE XXIV
A Du'ge for Quintilius

What restraint or limit should there be to grief for
one so dear? Teach me a song of mourning, O
Melpomene, thou to whom the Father gave a liquid
voice and music of the lyre !

Does, then, the sleep that knows no waking lie
heavy on Quintilius! Wb^n shall Honour, and
Justice* sister. Loyalty unshaken, and candid Truth
e’er find a peer to him ? Many are the good who
mourn his death ; but no one more than thou, O
Virgil. In vain, despite thy fond devotion, dost thou
ask the gods to give Quintilius back, entrusted to
this mortal life, alas ! on no such terras. Even wert
thou to strike more tunefully than Thracian Orpheus
the lyre once heeded by the trees, would then the
life return to the unsubstantial ghost, which with his
gruesome wand Mercury, not kind to ope the portals
of the Fates to our entreaty, has gathered once to
the shadowy throng ? 'Ts hard ; but by endurance
that grows lighter which Heaven forbids to change
for good.

69

CAKMINVM LJbKK 1

XXV

Parcivs iunctas quatiunt fenestras
ictibus ^ crebris iuvenes protervi,
nec tibi soranos adimunt^ amatque
ianua limen,

quae prius miiltiim facilis movebat
cardines. audis minus et minus iam :
tuo )ongas pereunte noctes,

Lydia, dormis

invicem moechos anus arrogantes
flebis in solo levis angiportu, 1 0

Thracio bacchante magis sub iiiter-
lunia vento,

cum tibi flagrans amor el libido,
quae solet matres furiare equoruru,
saeviet circa iecur ulcerosum,
non sine questu.

In eta quod pubes hedera virenti
gaudeat pulla magis atque myrto,
aridas frondes hiemis sodali

dedicet Euro.® 20

70

^ ictibus : iactibus most M88,
t Euro Strataburg ed. 1616 : Hebro M8S.

ODES BOOK 1

ODE XXV

Lydias Charms are Past

Less often now do riotous youths shake thy shutters
with repeated blows; no longer do they steal thy
slumbers from thee ; and the door that once right
willingly did move its hinges now hugs its thresh-
old. Less and less often hearest thou such plaints
as tliis : Sleepest thou, Lydia, while 1, thy lover
true, die througliout the livelong night } Thy turn
shall come, and thou, a hag forlorn in deserted alley,
Shalt weep o’er thy lovers* disdain, when on moon-
less niglits the Thracian north-wind rises in its fury,
while burning love and passion, such as are wont to
goad the stallions’ dams, shall rage about thy
wounded heart. Then shalt thou make moan that
merry youths take more delight in ivy green and
myrtle dark, consigning witherea leaves to the east-
wind, winter’s mate.

Tl

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XXVI

Mvsis amicus tristitiam et metus
tradam protervis in mare Creticurn
portare ventis, quis sub Arclo
rex gelidae metuatur orae,

quid Tiridaten terrcat, unice
securus. o quae fontibiis integris
gaudeSj apricos necte flores,
necte meo Lamiae coronam,

Pimplei dulcis. nil sine te mei
prosunt honores ; hunc ridibus novis,
hunc Lesbio sacrare plectro
teque tuasque decet sorores.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXVI

Immortalise Lamia, Ye Muses /

Dear to the Muses, 1 will banisli gloom and fear to the
wild winds to carry o’er the Cretan Sea, all uncon-
cerned what ruler of the frozen borders of the Nortli
is object of our fear, or what dangers frighten
Tiridates.

A

Do thou, sweet Muse, that takest joy in fountains
fresh, weave gay blossoms, yea, weave them as a
garland for my Lamia! Naught without thee avail
my tributes. Him in new measures, him with Lesbian
plectrum,^ 'tis meet that thou and thy sisters should
make immortal.

1 An instrument of metal or ivory with which the strings
of the lyre were struck or picked.

7 $

CARMINVM LIBER 1

XXVII

Natis in usum laetitiae scyphis
pugnare Thracum est : tollite barbanim
morem, verecundumque Bacchum
sanguineis prohibete rixis.

vino et lucernis Medus acinaces
immane quantum discrepat : inipium
lenite clamorem^ sodales,
et cubito remanete presso.

vultis severi me qtioque sumere
partem Falerni ? dicat Opuntiae
frater Megyllae, quo beatus
vulnere, qua pereat sagitta.

cessat voluntas ? non alia bibarn
mercede. quae te cumque dumat Venus,
non erubesceiulis adurit
ignibus ingenuoque semper

ainore peccas. quicquid babes, age,
depone tutis auribus. — a miser,
quanta laboras in Charybdi,
digne puer meliore flamma !

quae saga, quis te solvere d hessalis
magus venenis, quis poterit deus ?
vix inligatum te triformi
Pegasus expediet Chimaera.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXVII
Lei Moderation Reign !

To fight with goblets meant for pleasure's service is
fit for none but Thracians. Banish such barbarous
ways ! Protect from bloody brawls our Bacchus, who
loves what's seemly. With wine and lamps the Per-
sian sword is sadly out of keeping. Repress your
impious uju'oar, mates, and lie with elbow resting on
the couch I You wish that I too drink my portion
of stout Falernian? Then let Opuntian Megylla's
brother tell with what wound, what shaft, he lan-
guishes in bliss. Thy inclination falters ? On no
other terms will 1 consent to touch the draught.
Whatever passion masters thee, it bums thee with a
flame for which thou needst not blush, and free-born
always is the object of thy weakness. Whatever 'tis,
come, confide it to my trusty ear ! — Ah 1 Wretched
youth ! In what a fatal whirlpool art thou caught,
lad worthy of a better flame! What witch, what
wizard with Thessalian charms, — nay, what god, can
rescue thee ! Entangled, as thou art, in the triple-
formed Chimaera's toils, scarce Pegasus shall set
thee free.

75

CARMINVM LIBER 1

xxvni—i

Te maris et terrae numeroque carentis harenae
mensorem coliibent, Archyta,
pulveris exigui prope litus parva Matinum
munera^ nec quicquam tibi prodest

aerias temptasse domes animoqiie rotund um
percurrisse polum morituro.
occidit et Pelopis geniL)r, conviva deorum,
Tithonusque remotus in auras

et lovis arcanis Minos admissus, habentque

Tartara Panthoiden iterum Oreo lO

demissum, quamvis clipeo I'roiana refixo
tempora testatus nihil ultra

nervos atque cutem morti concesserat atrae,
iudice te non sordidus auctor
naturae verique. sed omnes una manet riox,
et calcanda semel via leti.

dant alios Furiae torvo spectacula Marti,
exitio est avidum mare nautis ;
mixta senum ac iuvenum densentnr funera, nullum
saeva caput Proserpina fiigit. SO

76

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXVI r I --1 1
Death the Doom oj All

Thou, Archytas, measurer of the sea and land and
countless sands, art confined in a small mound of
paltry earth near the Matinian shore ; nor doth it
aught avail thee that thou didst once explore the
gods' ethereal homes and didst traverse in thouglit
the circling vault of heaven. For thou wast born to
die ! Death befell also Peloj)s’ sire, though once he
sat at the table of the gods ; 1 ithonus, too, translated
to the skies, and Minos, partner of Jove's own secrets;
and Tartarus holds the son of Panthous, sent down a
second time to Orcus, though by taking down the
shield he bore witness to Trojan times, and yielded
to black Death naught but his sinews and his
frame, — to thy mind no common judge of Nature
and of truth.

But a common night awaiteth every man, and
Death's j>ath must be trodden once for all. Some, the
Furies offer as a sight for cruel Mars ; the hungry sea
is the sailor’s ruin. Without distinction the deaths
of old and young follow close on each other’s heels ;
cruel Proserpine spares no head.

' In our MSS. and in most editions, this Ode forms a part
of the one that here follows.

D

77

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXVI 1 1—2

Me quoque devexi rapidus comes Orionis
Illyricis Notus obruit undis.
at tu, nauta, vacrae ne parce malignus harenae
ossibus et capiti inhurnato

particulam dare : sic, quodcumque minabitur Eurus
fluctibus Hesperiis, Vcnusinae
plectantur silvae te sospite, multaque merces,
unde potest, tibi defluat aequo

ab love Neptunoque sacri custode Tarenti.

neglegis immeritis nocituram 10

postmodo te natis fraudem committere ? fors et
debita iiira vicesque superbae

te maneant ipsum : precibus non linquar inultis,
teque piacula nulla resolvent,
quamquam festinas, non est mora longa ; licebit
iniecto ter pulvere curras.

78

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXVIII— 2'

A Petition for Sepulture

Me, too, Notus, whirling mate of setting Orion, over-
whelmed in the Illyrian waves. But do thou, O
mariner, begrudge me not the shifting sand, nor
refuse to bestow a little of it on ray unburied head
and bones ! Then, wliaiever threats Eurus shall vent
against the Hesperian waves, when the Venusian
woods are beaten by the gale, maj^st thou be safe,
and may rich reward redound to thee from the sources
whence it can, — from kindly Jove and Neptune,
sacred Tarentum’s guardian god !

Thou thinkest it a light matter to do a wrong that
after this will harm thine unolFeiuling children?
Perchance the need of sepulture and a retribution of
like disdain may await thyself sometime. I shall not
be left with my petition unavenged, and for thee no
offerings shall make atonement. Though thou art
eager to be going, ’tis a brief delay 1 ask. Only
three handfuls of earth I Then thou mayst speed
upon thy course.

1 In our MS^. and iu most editions, this Ode forms a part
of the one that here precedes.

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXIK

Icci, beatis nunc Arabum invides
gazis et acrem militiam paras
non ante devictis Sabacae
regibus, horribilique Medo

nectis catenas ? quae tibi virginum
sponso necato barbara serviet ?
puer quis ex aula capillis

ad cyathum statuetur unctis,

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas
arcu paterno ? quis neget arduis
pronos relabi posse rivos

montibus et Tiberim reverti,

cum tu coeniptos undique nobilis
libros Panaeti, Socraticam et domuni
mu tare loricis Hiberis,
pollicitus meiiora, tendis ?

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXIX

The Scholar Turned Adventurer

ltd us, art thou looking now with envious eye at the
rich treasures of the Arabians, and making ready for
dire warfare on Sabaean kings as yet unconquered,
and art thou forging fetters for the dreadful Mede ?
What barbarian maiden, her^ lover slain by thee,
shall become thy slave ? What page from royal
halls, with perfumed locks, shall be thy cup-bearer,
taught with his father’s bow to speed the arrows of
the East ? Who’ll deny that the descending streams
can glide backwards to the lofty hills and the Tiber
reverse its course, when thou, that gavest promise
of better things, art bent on changing Panaetius’
famous books, purchased from every quarter, and the
Socratic school for Spanish corselets ?

81

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXX

O Venvs, regina Cnidi Paphique,
sperne dilectam Cypron et vocantis
ture te multo Glycerae decoiam
transfer in*aedem.

fervidus tecum puer et soluf.is
Gratiae zonis properentque Nymphae
ct parum comis sine te luventas
Mercuriusque.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXX
invocation to Venus

O Venus, queen of Cnidos and of Paphos, forsake thy
beloved Cyprus and betake thyself to the fair shrine
of Glycera, who summons |hce with bounteous
incense 1 And with tliee let hasten thy ardent
child ; the Graces, too, with r^rdles all unloosed,
the Nymphs, and Youth, unlovely without thee,
and Mercury f

S3

CAUMINVM LIBER I

XXXI

Qvid dedicatum poscit Apollineni
vates ? quid orat, de patera iKn nm
fundens liquorem ? non opiniae
Sardiniae segetes feraces,

non aestuosae grata Calabriae
armenta, non auruni aut ebur Indicum,
non rura, quae Liris quieta
mordet aqua taciturnus amnis.

prcmant Galena falce quibus dedit
Fortuna vitem, dives ut aureis 10

mereator exsiccet culillis
vina Syra reparata nierce,

dis carus ipsis, quippe ter et quater
anno revisens aequor Atlanticum
impune. me pascunt olivae,
me cichorea levesque malvae.

frui paratis et valido mihi,

Latoe, dones et, precor, Integra
cum mente, nec turpem seneclani

degere nec cithara carentern SJO

84

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXXI
The Poet's Prayer

WiiAT is the poet’s prayer to the newly enshrined
Apollo ? For what is his petition as he pours new wine
from the bowl ? Not for the rich harvests of fertile
Sardinia, not for the [Peasant herds of hot Calabria,
not for Indian gold or ivory, nor for the fields that
the Liris’ silent stream frets with its placid flow. Let
those to whom Fortune vouchsafed it, trim

the vine with Calenian pruning-knife, that the rich
trader may drain from golden chalice the wine for
which he barters Syrian wares, dear to the very
gods, since thrice and four times yearly he revisits
all unscathed the Atlantic main. My fare is the
olive, the endive, and the wholesome mallow. Grant
me, O Latona’s son, to be content with what I
have, and, sound of body and of mind, to pass an
old age lacking neither honour nor the lyre 1

85

CARMINVM LIBEU I

XXXII

PosciMVR. siqtlid vacui sub umbra
lusimus tecum, quod et hunc in annum
vivat et plures, age die Latinum,
barbite, carmen,

liCsbio primum modulate civi,
qui ferox bello tarnen inter arma,
sive iactatam religarat udo
litore

Liberum et Musas Veneremqiie et illi
semper haerentem puerinn canebat,
et Lycum nigris oculis nigroque
crine decorum.

0 decus Phoebi et dapibus supremi
grata testudo lovis, o laborum
dulce lenimen medicumque/ salve

rite vocanti !

1 medicuznque lAuhma/tyn : mihicumque MSS»

lU

96

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXX II
Invocation to the Lyre

I AM asked for a song. If ever in idle hour beneath
the shade I have sung with thee any trivial lay that
shall live not merely for this year, but for many^ come,
give forth now a Tvoinaji song, tliou lyre first tuned
by the Lesbian patriot who, though hold in war, yet,
whether amid arms or having moored his storm-
tossed bark on the watery strand, was wont to sing
of Bacchus, the Muses, Venus, and the boy that ever
clings to her, and Lycus beautiful for black eyes
and raven locks.

O shell, thou glory of Phoebus and welcome at the
feasts of Jove Supreme, O sweet and healing balm
of troubles, be propitious to me, whenever 1 invoke
thee duly I

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXXIIl

Albi, ne doleas plus nimio memor
immitis Glycerae neu miserabiles
decantes elegos, cur tibi iunior
laesa praeniteat fide.

insignem tenui fronte Lycorida
Cyri torret amor, Cyrus in asperara
declinat Pholoen : sed prius Apulis
iungentur capreae lupis,

quam turpi Pholoe peccet adultero.
sic visum Veneri, cui placet impares
formas atque animos sub iuga aenea
saevo mittere cum ioco.

ipsum me melior cum peteret Venus,
grata detinuit compede Myrtale
Rbertina, fretis acrior Hadriae
curvantis Calabros sinus.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXXIII
The Faithless Fair

Grieve not o*ermuch, O Albius, for thought of cruel
Glycera, nor sing unceasing plaintive elegies, ai>k‘
ing why a younger rival outshines thee in her
eyes, and why her plighted troth is broken ! Fair
Lycoris with forehead low is consumed with love foi
Cyrus ; Cyrus in turn inclines to unresponsive Plioloe ;
but sooner shall does mate with Apulian wolves than
Pholoe shall go astray with so mean a paramour
Such the decree of Venus, whose delight it is in cruel
sport to force beneath her brazen yoke bodies and
hearts ill-mated. I myself, when a worthier passion
called, was held fast in pleasing bonds by slave-born
Myrtale, more tempestuous than the waves of Pladria,
where it rounds into Calabria's gulf.

89

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXXIV

Parcvs deorum cultor et infrequens,
insanientis dum sapientiae

consultus erro, nunc retrorsum
vela dare atque iterare cursus

cogor relictos : namque Diespiter,
igni corusco nubila dividens

plerumque, per purum tonantes
egit equos volucremque currum ;

quo bruta tellus et vaga flumina
quo Styx et invisi horrida Taenari
sedes Atlanteusque finis

concutitur. valet ima summis

mutare et insignem attenuat deus,
obscura promens ; hinc apicem rapax
Fortuna cum stridore acuto
sustulit^ hie posuisse gaudet.

10

90

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXXIV
Tht FoeCs Conversion

1, A CH VRY and infrequent worshipper of the gods,
wliat time I wandered, the votary of a foolish wisdom,
am now comj)elle(l to spread my sails for the voyage
back, and to retrace the course 1 had abandoned. For
though it is the clouds that Jove is wont to cleave
with his flashing bolts, this J:ime he drove his thunder-
ing steeds and flying oar through a sky serene —
his steeds and car, whereby the lifeless enrili and
wandering streams were shaken, Styx, and hated
Taenarus’ dread seat, and the bourne where Atlas has
his stand. Power the god does hav^. He can inter-
change the lowest and the highest ; the mighty he
abases and exalts the lowly. From one man Fortune
with shrill whirring of her wings swiftly snatches away
the crown ; on another she delights to place it.

91

CAIIMINVM LlbEK I

XXXV

O DIVA, gratum quae regis Anti win,
j)raeseiis vel imo tollere de gradu
mortale corpus vel superbos
vertere funeribus triumphos,

te pauper ambit sollicita prece
ruris colonus, te dominam aequoris,
quicumque Bithyna lacessit
Carpathium pelagus carina,

te Dacus asper, te profugi Scythae
urbesque gentesque et Latiurn ferox
regumque niatres barbarorum et
purpurei metuunt tyranni,

iniurioso ne pede proruas
stantem columnam, neu populus frequeiis
ad arma ” cessantes, ad arma
concitet imperiumque frangat.

te semper anteit saeva ^ Necessitas,
clavos trabales et cuneos manu
gestans aena, nec severus

uncus abest liquidumque plumbum.

t Excellent MSS, also have serva.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXXV
To Fortuna

O GODDESS that rulest pleasant Antiiim, mighty to
raise our mortal clay from low estate or change
proud triumphs into funeral trains, tliee the poor
peasant entreats with anxious prayer ; thee, as sove-
reign of the deep, whoever braves tlie Carpathian
Sea in Bithynian bark; thee^the wild Dacian, the
roving Scythian, cities, tribes, and martial Latium,
and mothers of barbarian kings, and tyrants clad ir
purple, fearing lest with wanton foot thou overturn
the stiinding pillar of the State, and lest the thronging
mob arouse the peaceable to arms, to arms ! ” and
thus wreck the ruling power.

Before thee ever stalks Necessity, grim goddess,
with spikes and wedges in her brazen hand ; the
stout clamp and molten lead are also there. Thee,

93

CARMINVM LIBER I
te Spes et albo rara Fides colit
velata panno, nec comitem abnegat,
utcumque iniitata potentis
veste domes inimica linquis.

at vulgus infidum et meretrix retro
periura cedit, diflbgiunt cadis
cum faece siccatis amici,
ferre iugum pariter dolosi.

serves iturum Caesarem in ultimos
orbis Britannos et iuvenum recens 80

examen, Rois t*Tnendiim
partibus Oceanoque rubro,

eheu, cicatricum et sceleris piidet
fratruinque. quid nos dura refugiiniis
aetas? quid intactum nefasti

liquimus? unde manum iuvcnlus

metu deorum continuit ? quibus
pepercit aris ? o utinam nova
incude diffingas retusum in

Massagetas Arabasque ferrum ! 40

94

ODES BOOK I. XXXV

Hope cherishes and rare Fidelity, her hand bound*
with cloth of white, nor refuses her companion-
ship, whenever thou in hostile mood forsakest the
Iiouses of the gi*eat in mourning plunged. But the
faithless rabble and the perjured harlot turn away ;
friends scatter so soon as they have drained our wine-
jars to the dregs, too treacherous to help us bear the
yoke of trouble.

Do thou i^reserve our Caesar, soon to set forth
against the Britons, farthest* of the world ! Pre-
serve the freshly levied band of youthful soldiers
who shall raise fear in Eastern parts beside the Red
Sea's coast.

Alas, the shame of our scars, and crimes, and
brothers slain ! What have we shrunk from, har
dencd generation that we are ? What iniquity have
we left untouched ? From what have our youth kept
back their hands through fear of the gods ? What
altars have they spared ? O mayst thou on fresh anvils
reforge our blunted swords, and turn them against
the Arabs and Massagetae !

4 The priests of Fldes performed saoridee with a baud of
white cloth wrapped around the hand.

95

CARMINVM LI13ER I

XXXVI

Et ture et fidibus iuvi^t

placare et vituli sanguine debito
custodes Numidae decs,

qui nunc Hesperia sospes ab ultima

caris multa sodalibus,

nulli plura tamen dividit oscula
quain dulci Lamiaf, niemor
actae non alio rege puertiae

muUtaeque simul togae.

Cressa ne careat pulchra dies nota, 1 0

neu promptae modus amphorae,

neu morem in Salium sit requies pedum,

neu multi Damalis meri

Bassum Threicia vincat amystide.
neu desint epulis rosae

neu vivax apium neu breve lilium;

omnes in Damalin putres

deponent oculos, nec Damalis novo
divelletur adultero,

lascivis hederis ambitiosior. 20

96

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXXVl
A Joyful Return

With incense and with music and due offering of a
bullock’s blood, let us appease the gods that have
guarded Numida, who, now returned in safety from
the farthest West, bestows kisses in abundance on
each fond mate, yet on no one more than well-loved
Lamia, recalling their boyhood passed under the self-

I

same teacher and their togas changed together.

Let this fair day not lack a mark of white, nor be
there limit of devotion to the wine-jar that has been
brought out, nor pause of dancing after the Saliirn
fashion ! Nor let Bassus be outdone by strong-
headed Damalis in drinking the long, deep 'Fhracian
draught. Nor let roses, lasting parsley, or the quickly
fading lily be wanting to our feast 1 All shall cast
their languishing eyes on Damalis ; yet shall Damalis
not be torn from her new lover, holding closer to him
than the fond ivy (to the oak).

97

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXXVll

Nvnc est bibendum, nunc pede libera
pulsanda tell us, nunc Saliaribus
ornare pulvinar deonim

tempus erat dapibus, sodales.

antebac nefas depromere Caecubiim
cellis avitis, duin tapitolio
regina deinenies ruinas,
funus et irnperio parabat

contaminato cum grege turpium
morbo virorum, quidlibet impotens
sperare fortiinaque dulci
ebria, sed minuit furorem

vix una sospes navis ab ignibus,
menteinque lympliatam Mareotico
redegit in veros timores
Caesar, ab Italia volantem

remis adurgens, accipiter velut
molles columbas aut leporem citus
Venator in campis nivalis
Haemoniae, daret ut catenis

ODES BOOK 1

ODE XXXVII
The Fall of Cleopatra

Novr is the time to drain the flowing howl, now with
unfettered foot to beat the ground with dancing, now
with Salian feast to deck the couciies of the gods, my
comrades ! Before this day it had been wrong to bring
our Caecuban forth from ancient bins, while yet a
frenzied queen w^as plotting ruin 'gainst the Capitol
and destruction to the empire, with her polluted
crew of creatures foul with lust — a woman mad enough
to nurse the wildest hopes, and drunk with Fortune’s
favours. But the escape of scarce a single galley
from the flames sobered hei fury, and Caesar changed
the wild delusions bred by Mareotic wine to the
stern reality of terror, chasing her with his galleys,
as she sped away from Italy, even as the hawk
pursues the gentle dove, or the swdft hunter follows
the hare over the plains of snow-clad Thessaly, with

99

CAIIMINVM LIBER I
fatale monstrum, quae generosius
pcrire quaerens nec muliebritcr
expavit ensem nec lateiites
classe cita reparavit oras.

ausa et iacentem visere regiam
vultu sereno, fortis et aspcras
tractare serpentes, ut atrum
corpore combiberet venenum,

deliberata morte femoior ;
saevis Liburnis scilicet invidens
privata deduci Kiiperbo

non iiumihs mbiier tnuinpuo.

ODES BOOK I. xxxvii

purpose fixed to put in chains the accursed monster.
Yet she, seeking to die a nobler death, showed for
the dagger’s point no woman's fear, nor sought to
win with her swift fleet some secret shore ; she even
dared to gaze with face serene upon her fallen palace ;
courageous, too, to handle poisonous asps, that she
might draw black venom to her heart, waxing bolder
as she resolved to die ; scorning, in sooth, the thouglit
of being borne, a queen no longer, on hostile galleys
lo grace a glorious triumph — no craven w oman she !

lUl

CARMINVM LIBER I

XXXVIII

Persicos o(li^ puer, apparatus,
displicent iiexae philyra corouae ;
niiite sectari, rosa quo locoruin
sera moretur.

siinplici myrto nihil acllahorea
sediilus, cura: neque te mhiistruni
dcdeoei inyrtus neque me sub ana
rite bibeiitem.

ODES BOOK I

ODE XXXVIII
Away with Oriental Luxury /

Peusian elegance, my lad, I hate, and take no pleasure
in garlands woven on linden bast. A truce to search-
ing out the haunts where lingers late the rose ! Strive

»

not to add aught else to the plain myrtle ! The myrtle
befits both thee, I he servant, and me, the master, as
I drink beneath the thick-leaved vine.

BOOK

II

LIBER II

I

Motvm ex Metello consule civiciim
bellique causas et vitia et modos
ludumque Fortunae gravesque
principum amicitias et arma

noiidum expiatis uncta cruorihus,
periculosae plenum opus aleae,
tractas et incedis per ignes
suppositos cineri doloso.

paulum severae M usa tragoediae
desit theatris : mox, ubi publicas
res ordinaris, grande munus
Cecropio repetes cothurno,

insign e maestis praesidium reis
et consulenti, Pollio, curiae,
cui laurus aetemos honores
Delmatico peperit triumpho.

BOOK II

ODE I

To Pollio W7'iitng a His!ory of the Civil Wars
I'nou art treating of the civil strife that witl
Metellus’ consulship began, the causes of the war,
its blunders, and its phases, and Fortune's game,
friendships of leaders that boded ill, and weapons
stained with blood as yet unexpiated — a task full
of dangerous hazard— and art walking, as it were, over
fires hidden beneath treacherous ashes.

For a brief time only let it be that thy stem tragic
muse is missing from the stage ; but soon, when thou
hast chronicled events of state, renew thy lofty calling
in the Attic buskin, Pollio, famed support of anxious
clients and bulwark of the Senate in its councils,
thou for whom, too, the laurel won lasting glory in
thy Dalmatian triumph. Even now with threaten-

107

CARMINVM LIBER II
iam nunc minaci murmure cornuum
perstringis auris, iam litui strepunt,
iam fulgor armorum fugaces

terret equos equitumque viiltus. 20

audire magnos iam videor duces,
non indecoro pulvere sordidos,
et cuncta terrarum suhacta

praeter atrocem animum Catonis.

luno et deorum quisquis amicior
Afris inulta cesserat impotens
tellure, victorum nepotes
rettulit inferias lugurthae.

quis non Latino sanguine pinguior
campus sepulcris impia proelia 30

testatur auditumque Medis
Hesperiae sonitum riiinae ?

qui gurges aut quae flumina Iugubri<»
ignara belli ? quod mare Dauniae
non decoloravere caedes ?

quae caret ora cniore nostro ?

sed ne relictis, Musa procax^iocis
Ceae retractes munera neniae,
mecum Dionaeo sub antro

quaere modos leviore plectro. 40

108

ODES BOOK 11. i

ing blare of horns thou strik'st our ears ; even now
the clarions sound ; even now tlie gleam of weapons
strikes terror into timid horses and into the horse-
men’s faces. Already I seem to hear the shouts
of mighty captains begrimed with no inglorious
dust, and to see all the world subtlued, except stern
Cato’s soul. Juno and all the gods who, friendlier
to Africa, had helplessly withdrawn, powerless to
avenge the land, have offered on Jugurtha’s grave
the grandsons of his conquerors.

•

What plain is not enriched with J.atin blood, to
bear witness with its graves to our unholy strife and
to the sound of Hesperia’s fall, heard even by the
Medes ! What j)ool or stream has failed to taste
the dismal war! VVJiat sea has Italian slaughter not
discoloured I What coast knows not our blood !

But, lest, O heedless Muse, thou leave sportive
themes and essay again the Cean dirge, seek with me
in the shadow of some Dionean grotto measures of
lighter mood T

109

CARMINVM LIBER 11

II

Nvllvs argento color est avaris
abdito terris, inimice lamnac
Crispe Sallusti, nisi temperate
splcndeat usu.

vivet extento Proculeius aevo,
notiis in fratres animi paterni :
ilium aget pinna metuente solvi
Fama superstes.

latius regnes avidum dornando
spiritum, quam si Libyam remotis 10

Gadibus iungas et uterque Poenus
serviat uni.

crescit indulgens sibi dims hydrops,
nec sitim pellit, nisi causa morbi
fugerit venis et aquosus albo
corpore languor.

redditum Cyri solio Phraaten
dissitlens plebi numero beatorum
exiinit Virtus populumque falsis

dedocet uti SO

vocibus, regnum et diadema tutiim
deferens uni propriarnque laiirum,
quisquis ingenles oculo inretorto
spectat acervos.

ODES BOOK I»

ODE II

Money — Its Use and Abuse

No lustre is there to silver hidden away in the greedy
earth, O Sallustius Crispus, thou foe to metal unless
it shine by well-ordered use. Proculeius shall live
through distant ages, known for his fatherly spirit
towards his brothers ; him shall enduring fame bear
on pinions that refuse to droop.

Thou shalt rule a broader realm by subduing a
greedy heart than shouldst thou join Libya to distant
Gades, and should Punic settlers on both sides the*
Strait become subjects of a single lord. By indul-
gence the dreadful dropsy grows apace, nor can the
sufferer banish thirst, unless the cause of the malady
has first departed from the veins and the watery
languor from the pale body.

Though Phraates has been restored to the throne
of Cyrus, yet Virtue, dissenting from the rabble, will
not admit him to the number of the Jiappy, and
teaches the folk to discard wrong names, conferring
power, the secure diadem, and lasting laurels on him
alone who can gaze upon huge piles of treasure
without casting an envious glance behind.

Ill

CAIIMINVM LIBER 11

III

Ae^vam memento rebus in arduis
servare meiitem, non secus in bonis
ab insolenti temperatam
laecitia, monture ueln,

seu riiacstus ornni tempore vixeris,
seu te ill remoto gramine per dies
festoi reclinatum bearis
interiore nota Falerni.

quo pinus ingens albaque populus
umbram hospitalem consociare amant 10

ram is ? quid obliquo laborat
lympha fugax trepidare rivo ?

hue vina et unguenta et nimiuin breves
(lores arnoenae ferre iube rosae,
dum res et aetas et sororum
fila trium patiuntur atra.

cedes coemptis saltibus et domo
villaque, flavus quam Tiberis lavit,
cedes, et exstnictis in altum

divitiis potietur heres. 120

112

ODES BOOK II

ODE in

Enjoy Ihe Fleeting Hour!

Remembfr, when life’s path is steep, to keep an even
mind, and likewise, in prosperity, a spirit restrained
from over-weening joy, Dellius, seeing thou art
doomed to die, whether thou live always sad, or
reclining in grassy nook take delight on holidays in
some choice vintage of Falernitin wine. Why do the
tall pine and poplar white love to interlace their
branches in inviting shade ? Why does the hurrying
water strive to press onward in the winding stream ?
Hither bid slaves bring wines and perfumes and the
too brief blossoms of the lovely rose, wdiile Fortune
and youth allow, and the dark threads of the Sisters
three. Thou shall leave thy purchased pastures, thy
house, and thy estate that yellow Tiber washes ; yea,
thou shall leave them, and an heir shall become
master of the wealth thou hast heaped up high.

115

CARMINVM LIBER II
divesne, prisco natus ab Inacho>
nil interest an pauper et infinia
de gente sub divo moreris ;
victima nil miserantis Orci.

omnes eodem coginnir, omnium
versatur urna serius ocius

sors exitura et nos in aeternurn
exsilium impositura cumbae.

ODES BOOK II. iii

Whether thou be rich and sprung from ancient
Iriachus, or dwell beneath the canopy of heaven
poor and of lowly birth, it makes no difference :
thou art pitiless Orcus’ victim. We are all being
gathered to one and the same fold. The lot of every
one of us is tossing about in the urn, destined sooner,
later, to come forth and place us in Charon's skiff for
everlasting exile.

115

CARMINVM LIBER II *

IV

Ne sit ancillae tibi amor pudori,

Xanthia Phoceu. prius iiisolentein
serva Briseis niveo colore
rnovit Achillem ;

movit Aiacem 7'elamone natum
forma captivae domiimm Tecinessae ;
arsit Atrides medio in trium[)ho
virgine rapta,

barbarae postqutim cecidere turmae
Thessalo victore et ademptus Hector 10

tradidit fessis leviora tolli
Pergama Grais.

nescias an te genenim beat!

Phjllidis flavae decorent parentes :
regium certe genus, et penates
maeret iniquos.

crede non illam tibi de scelesta
plebe dilectam neque sic fidelem,
sic lucro aversam potuisse nasci

matre pudenda. 20

bracchia et voltum terelesquc suras
integer laudo ; fuge suspicari,
cuius octavum trepidavit aetas
claudere lustrum.

116

ODES BOOK II

ODE IV

Love for a Slave-Girl

Let not affection for thy handmaiden put thee to the
blush, O Phocian Xanthias! Before thy day the slave
Briseis with her snow-white skin stirred the heart
of proud Achilles ; yea, and captive Tccmessa’s
beauty stirred the heart of her master, Ajax, son of
Telamon ; and Atrides in the midst of triumph
was inflamed with love for a ca[)tured maid, what
time the barbarian hosts w^re overcome by the
Thessalian’s victory, and Hector’s loss gave Pergamos
over to the toil-worn Greeks, an easier prey.

Thou can’st not tell but that the parents of thy
blond Phyllis are rich and will lend glory to their new-
found son ; surely her lineage must be of royal origin,
and she mourns the cruelty of her household gods. Rest
assured that the maid thou lovest belongs not to the
wretched rabble, and that one so loyal, so aloof from
greed could be the child of no mean mother. Tis
with no touch of passion that I praise her arms, her
face, and her shapely ankles. Suspect not one whose
life in rapid course has already brouglit its eighth
lustrum to a close !

117

CARMINVM LIBER II

V

Nondvm subacta ferre iugum valet
cervice, nondum munia comparis
aequare nec tauri ruentis
in venerem tolcrare pondus.

circa virentes est animus tuae
campos iuvencae, nunc fluviis gravem
solantis aestum^ nunc in udo
ludere cum vitulis salicto

praegestientis. ‘^tolle cupidinem
immitis uvae : iam tibi lividos
distinguet autumnus racenios
purpureo varius colore.

iam te sequetur (currit enim ferox
aetaSj et illi, quos tibi dempserit,
apponet annos), iam proterva
fronte petet Lalage maritum,

dilecta, quantum non Pholoe fiigax,
non Chloris, albo sic umero nitens,
ut pura nocturno renidet
luna mari Cnidiusve Gyges,

quem si puellarum insereres choro,
mire sagaces falleret hospites
discrimen obscurum solutis
crinibus ambiguoque vultu.

ODES BOOK II

ODE V
Not Yet!

Not yet can she bear the yoke on submissive neck,
not yet fulfil the duties of a mate, or endure the
vehemence of a lover. Upon the verdant meads
dwell the thoughts of thy love, who now allays the
oppressive heat amid the streams, and now is eager to
sport with her comrades in the moist willow-grove.
Away with desire for the unripe grape ! Soon for
thee shall many-coloured Autumn paint the darken-
ing clusters purple. Soon shall she follow thee. For
Time courses madly on, and shall add to her the years
it takes from thee. Soon with eager forwardness shall
Lalage herself make quest of thee to be her mate,
beloved as was not shy Pholoe, nor Chloris, gleaming
with shoulder white, even as the unclouded moon
beams on midnight sea, nor Cnidian Gyges, so fair that
should you put him in a band of maids, those who
knew him not would, for all their insight, fail to note
his difference from the rest, disguised by his flowing
locks and his girl-boy face.

119

CARMINVM LIBER II

VI

Septimi, Gadis aditure mecum et
Cantabrum iiidoctum iiiga ferre nosti M et
Barbaras Syrtes, ubi Maura semper
aestuat unda,

Tibur Argeo positum colono
sit nieae sedes utinam senectae,
sit modus lasso maris et viarum
militiaeque.

unde si Parcae prohibent iniqiiae,
dulce pellitis ovibus (jalaesi 10

fiumen et regnata petam Laconi
rura Plialantho.

ille terrarum mihi praeter onines
angulus ridet, ubi non flyinetto
me I la decedunt viridiqiie certat
baca Venafro ;

ver ubi longum tepidasque praebet
luppiter brumas, et amicus Auloii
fertili Baccho minimum Falernis

invidet uvis, 20

ille te mecum locus et beatae
postulant arces ; ibi tu calentera
debita sparges lacrima favillam
vatis amici.

120

ODES BOOK II

ODE VI

Praise of Tibur and Tarentum

0 Septimius, ready to go with me to Gades and to the
Cantabrians not yet schooled to bear our yoke, and
to the wild Syrtes, where the Moorish wave is ever
tossing, may Tibur, founded by Argive settlers, be the
home of my old age ! May it be my final goal when

1 am weary with sea, witli roaming, and with war!
But if the cruel Fates bar*me from that spot, I
will seek the river of Galaesus, loved by its skin-clad '
sheep,and the fields once ruled by Spartan Phalanthus.
That corner of the world smiles for me beyond all
others, where the honey yields not to Hymettus,and
the olive vies with green Venafrum, where Jupiter
vouchsafes long springs and winters mild, and where
Aulon, dear to fertile Bacchus, envies not the clusters
of Falernum. That place and its blessed heights
summon thee and me ; there shalt thou bedew with
affection's tear the warm ashes of thy poet friend I

' The fine fle(3ce8 of certain sheep were protected from injury
by means of skins fastened about their bodies.

121

CARMINVM LIBER II

VII

O SAEPE mecum tempus in ultinunn
deducte Bruto militiae duce,
quis te redonavit Quiritem
dis patriis Italoque caelo,

Ponipei, meorum prime sodaliuiii,
cum quo morantem saepe diem mero
fregi, coronatus nitentes
malobathro Syrio capillos ?

tecum Philippos et celerem fugain
sensi relicta non bene parmula, 10

cum fracta Virtus et minaces
turpe solum tetigere raento.

sed me per hostes Mercurius celer
deiiso paventem sustulit acre ;
te rursus in bellum resorbens
unda fretis tulit aestuosis.

ergo obligatam redde lovi daj)em,
longaque'fessum militia latus
depone sub lauru mea nec
parce cadis tibi destinatis.

122

ODES BOOK II

ODE VII
A Joyful Return

0 FRIEND oft led with me into extremest peril, when
Brutus was leader of our hosts, who hatli restored thee
as a citizen to thy country’s gods and to the sky of
Italy, O Pompey, first of my comrades, with whom

1 many a time have beguiled the lagging day with
wine, first garlanding my locks glistening with Syrian
nard ? With thee I knew Philippi’s day and its
lieadlong rout, leaving my shield ingloriously
behind, when Valour’s self was beaten down and
threatening hosts ignobly bit the dust. But me in
my terror Mercury bore swiftly through the foe in a
dense cloud ; thee the wave drew back again into the
abyss of war and bore once more on troubled w aters.
So render unto Jove the banquet pledged, and lay thy
limbs, with long campaigning wearied, beneath my
laurel-tree, nor spare the jars set apart for thee I

123

CARMINVM LIBER J1
oblivioso levia Massico
ciboria exple, funde capacibus
unguenta de conchis. quis udo
deproperare apio coronas

curatve myrto? quern Venus arbitrum
dicet bibendi ? non ego sanius
bacchabor Edonis : recepto
dulce mihi furere est amico.

124

ODES BOOK II. vii

Fill to the brim with care-dispelling Massic the
polished goblets ! Pour out perfumes from generous
phials ! Who will make haste to weave garlands of
pliant parsley or of myrtle ? Whom shall the Veiiiis-
throw ^ make the master of our drinking } I'll revel
as wildly as the Edonians. 'Tis sweet to make mad
holiday when a friend has been regained.

i The name given to the highest throw of the dice.

If5

CARMINVM LIBER II

VIII

Vlla si iuris tibi peierati
poena, Barine, nocuisset umcpiam,
dente si nigro fieres vel uno
turpior ungui,

crederem. sed tu simul obligasti
perfidum votis caput, enitescis
pulchrior multo iuvenumque prodis
publica cura.

expedit matris cineres opertos
fallere et toto taciturna noctis
signa cum caelo gelidaque divos
morte carentes.

ridet hoc, inquam, Venus ipsa ; rident
simplices Nymphae ferus et Cupido,
semj^er ardentis acuens sagittas
cote cruenta.

adde quod pubes tibi crescit omn is,
servitus crescit nova, nec priores
impiae tectum dominae relinquunt,
saepe minati.

te suis matres metuunt iuvencis,
te senes parci miseraeque, nuper
virgines, nuptae, tua ne retardet
aura maritos.

ODES BOOK II

ODE VIII

Baiines Baleful Charms

Had ever any penalty for violated vows visited thee,
Barine ; didst thou ever grow uglier by a single
blackened tooth or spotted nail^ Ed trust thee now.
But with thee, no sooner hast thou bound thy per-
fidious head by promises than thou shinest forth much
fairer anti art the cynosure of all eyes when thou
appearest. H'is actually of l^elp to thee to swear
falsely by the buried ashes of thy mother, by the silent
sentinels of night, with the w'hole heaven, and by the
gods, who are free from chilly death. All this but
makes S[)ort for V^enus (upon my word, it does I) and for
the artless Nymphs, and cruel Cupid, ever whetting
his fiery darts on blood-stained stone. Not only
this ! All our youth are growing up for thee alone, to
be a fresh band of slaves, while thy old admirers leave
not the roof of their heartless mistress, oft as they
have threatened this. Thee mothers fear for their
sons, thee frugal sires, thee wretched brides, who but
yesterday were maidens, lest thy radiance make their
husbands linger.

1«7

CARMINVM LIBER II

IX

Non semper imbres nubibiis bispidos
manant in agros aut mare Caspiuni
vexant inaequales procellae
usque nec Armeniis in oris,

amice Valgi, stat glacies iners
menses peronines, aut Aquilonibus
querqueta Gargani laborant
et foliis vitluantur orni :

tu semper urges flebilibus modis
Mysten ademptum, nec tibi Vespcro
surgente decedunt amores
nec rapidum fugiente solem.

at non ter aevo functus amabilern
[)loravit omncs Antiloch urn senex
annos, nec impubem parentes
Troilon aut Phrygiae sorores

flevere semper, desine molliuin
tandem querellariim, et potius novji
cantemus August! tropaea

Caesaris, et rigidum Niphaten

Medumque flumen gentibus additiun
victis minores volvere vertices,
intraque praescriptum Gelonos
exiguis equitare campis.
lU

10

20

ODES BOOK 11

ODE IX

A Truce to Sorrow, Valgius /

Not for ever do the showers fall from the clouds on
the sodden fields, nor the rough blasts always fret
the Caspian waves, nor on Armenian borders, friend
Valgius, does the lifeless ice linger through every
month, nor are Garganus' oak-groves always lashed
by the blasts of the North and the ash -trees reft
of their leaves. But thou in tearful strains dwellest
ever on the loss of thy Mystes, nor do thy words
of love cease either when Vesper comes out at
evening, or when he flies before the swiftly coursing
sun. Yet the aged hero who had lived three gene-
rations did not for ever mourn his loved Antilochus,
nor did his Phrygian parents and sisters weep with-
out end for youthful Troilus. Cease at length thy weak
laments, and let us rather sing of the new trophies
of Augustus Caesar, ice-bound Niphates and the
river of the Medes rolling in smaller eddies, now 'tis
added to the list of vanquished nations, and the
Geloni riding now within bounds prescribed over
their narrowed plains.

129

CARMINVM LIBER II

X

Rectivs vives, Licini, neque altum
semper urgendo neqiic, dum procellas
cautus horrescis, iiimium premendo
litus iniquum.

aiiream quisquis mediocritatem
diligit, tutus caret obsoleti
sordibus tecti, caret invidenda
sobrius aula.

saepius ventis ajgitatur ingens
pin us et celsae graviore casu 10

decidunt turres feriuntque sunmios
fulgura montis.

sperat infestis, metuit secundis
alteram sortem bene praeparatum
pectus, in formes hiemes reducit
luppiter ; idem

summovet. non, si male nunc, et olim
sic erit : quondam cithara tacentem
suscitat Musam neque semper arcum

tendit Apollo. 20

rebus angustis aniraosus atque
fortis appare : sapienter idem
contrahes vento nimium secundo
turgida vela.

130

ODES BOOK II

ODE X

The Golden Mean **

Better wilt thou live, Licinius, by neither always
pressing out to sea nor too closely hugging the
dangerous shore in cautious fear of storms. Whoso
cherishes the golden mean, safely avoids the foulness
of an ill-kept house and discreetly, too, avoids a hall
exciting envy. *Tis oftener the tall pine that is
shaken by the wind ; *tis the lofty towers that fall
with the heavier crash, and 'tis the tops of the
mountains that the lightning strikes. Hopeful in
adversity, anxious in prosperity, is the heart that is
well prepared for weal or woe. Though Jupiter brings
back the unlovely winters, he, also, takes them away.
If we fare ill to-day, 'twill not be ever so. At times
Apollo w'akes with the lyre his slumbering song, and
does not always stretch the bow. In time of stress
shew thyself bold and valiant ! Yet wisely reef thy
sails when they are swollen by too fair a breeze I

151

CARMINVM LIBER II

XI

Qvid bellicosus Cantaber et Scythes,

Hirpine Quincti, cogiiet Hadria
divisus obiecto, remittas

quaerere, nec trepides in usum

poscentis aevi pauca : fugit retro
levis iuventas et decor, arida
pellente lascivos amores

canitie facilemque somnum.

non semper idehi floribus est honor
vernis, neqiie uno luna rubens iiitet 10

voltu : quid aeternis minorem
consiliis aiiimum fatigas?

cur non sub alta vel platano vel hac
pinu iacentes sic temcre et rosa
canos odorati capillos,

dum licet, Assyriaque nardo

potamus uncti ? dissipat hluhius
curas edaces. quis puer ocius
restinguet ardentis Falerni

jK)cula praetereunte lympha ? 20

quis devium scortum eliciet dorno
Lyden ? eburna, die age, cum lyra
maturet, in comptum Lacaenae
more comas religata nodum ! ^

1S2

^ incomptam comam nodo BtntUy,

ODES BOOK II

ODE XI

Enjoji the Passing Hour !

What the warlike Cantabrian is plottinpr, Quinctius
Hirpinus, and tlie Scythian, divided from us by the
intervening Adriatic, cease to irnjuire, and be not
anxious for the needs of life, since ’tis little that
it asks. Fresh youth and beauty are speeding
fast away behind us, wdiile wizened age is banishing
sportive love and slumbers soft. Not forever do the
Howers of spring retain their glory, nor does blushing
Luna shine always with the selfsame face. Why,
with planning for the future, weary thy soul unequal
to the task ? Why not rather quaif the wine, while
yet we may, reclining under this lofty plane or pine, in
careless ease, our grey locks garlanded wdth fragrant
roses and perfumed with Syrian nard ? Bacchus
dispels carking cares. What slave will swiftly temper
the bowls of fiery Falernian with water from the
passing stream ? Who will lure from her home Lyde,
coy wrench ? With ivory lyre, come bid her haste, her
hair neatly fastened in a knot, like some Laconian
maid.

IBS

CARMINVM LIBER II

XII

Nous longa ferae bella Numaiitiae
nec durum Hannibalem nec Sicidum marc
Poeiio purpureum sanguine moliibus
aptari citharae modis,

nec saevos Lapithas et nimium mero
Hylaeum domitosque Herculea manu
telluris iuvenes, tinde periculum
fulgens contremuit domus

Satumi veteris : tuque pedestribus
dices historiis proelia Caesaris,

Maecenas, melius ductaque per vias
regum colla minacium.

me dulces dominae Musa Licymniae
cantus, me voluit dicerc luciduin
fiilgentes oculos et bene mutuis
fidum pectus amoribus ;

quam nec ferre pedem dedecuit choris
nec certare ioco nec dare bracchia
ludentem nitidis virginibus sacro
Dianae Celebris die.

ODES BOOK 11

ODE XII

The Charms qf Terentia

You would not wish to have the themes of fierce
Nuniaiitia’s tedious wars wedded to soft measuresof the
lyre, or doughty Hannibal, or the Sicilian Sea crimson
with Punic blood, or the savage Lapithae and Hylaeus
mad with wine, or the triumph of Hercules* hand
over the sons of earth, at the 'danger of whose assault
the shining house of ancient Saturn shook w'ith terror.
So you yourself, Maecenas, would better treat, and
treat in storied prose, of Caesar's battles and of kings,
once threatening, led by the neck along the streets.

Me the Muse has bidden to celebrate the sweet
singing of Mistress Licymnia, her brightly flashing
eyes, and her heart right faithful in mutual love —
her whom it graced so well to trip amid the dancers*
bands, to parry jest with jest, and to offer her arms to
festal maids on the sacred day that fills Diana’s shrine.

135

CARMINVM LIBER 11
num tu quae teiiuit dives Achaemenes
aut pinguis Phrygiae Mygdoiiias opes
pemiutare velis crine Licymniae,
plenas aut Arabum domos,

cum flagrantia detorquet ad oscula
cervicem^ aut facili saevitia negat,
quae poscente magis gaiideat eripi^
interdum rapere occupat ? ^

Mo$t MSS. and editors read occupe t.

IMS

ODES BOOK 11. xii

Would you exchange a lock of Licymnia^s tresses for
all that rich Achaenienes once owia il, or for the Myg-
(lonian wealtli of fertile Phrygia, or the well-stocked
homes of tlie Arabians, as she bends her neck toward
your eager kisses, or in teasing playfulness refuses to
give them (yea, refuses, since, more than he who asks
them, she delights to have them snatched), or fiii
times is 6rst herself to snatch them ?

IS7

CARMINVM LIBER II

XIII

Ille et nefasto te posuit die,
quicumque primura, et sacrilega manu
produxit, arbos, in iiepotum
perniciem opprobriuniqiie l)agi.

ilium et parentis crediderini sui
fregisse cerviceiQ et penetralia
sparsisse nocturne cruore
hospitis ; ille venena Colcha

et quicquid usquam concipitur nebis
tractavit, agro qui statuit rneo 1 0

te, triste lignum, te caducum
in domini caput immerentis.

quid quisque vitet, numqiiam honiini satis
cautum est in boras ; navita Bosphorum
Poenus perhorrescit neque ultra
caeca timet aliunde fata ;

miles sagittas et celerem fugam
Parthi, catenas Parthus et Italum
robur ; sed improvisa leti

vis rapuit rapietque gentes. 20

138

ODES BOOK II

ODE XIII
A Narrow Escape

The man who first planted thee did it upon an evil
day and reared thee with a sacrilegious hand, O tree,
fi)r the destruction of posterity and the countryside’s
disgrace. I could believe that he actually strangled
his own father and spattered his hearthstone with a
guest’s blood at dead of night; he too has dabbled
in Colchic poisons and wliatever crime is anywdiere
conceived — the man that set thee out on my estate,
thou miserable stump, to fall upon the head of thy
unoffending master.

Man never heeds enough from hour to hour what
he should shun. The Punic sailor dreads the Bos-
[)horus, but fears not the unseen fates beyond that
threaten from otlier quarters. The soldier dreads the
arrows of the Parthians and their swift retreat ; the
Parthian fears tlie chains and rugged strength of Italy ;
but the fatal violence that has snatched away, and
again wull snatch away, the tribes of men, is some-
thing unforeseen.

1S9

CARMINVM LIBER II
quam paene fiirvae regna Proserpinae
et iudicaiiU'in vidimus Acacum
sedesque discriptas piorum ct
Aeoliis fidibus querenteiii

Sappho puellis de popularibus
et tc soiiantem plenius aureo,

Alcaeej plectro dura navis,
dura fugae mala, dura Ixdli.

utruniqiie sacro digna silentio
niirantur umbrae dicere ; sed m/igis SO

pugnas et exactos tyrarmos

densura umeris bibit aure volgus.

quid mirum, ubi illis carminibus stupeiis
demittit atras belua centiceps
auris, et intorti capillis

Eumenidum recreautur angucs ?

quin et Prometheus et Pelopis parens
dulci laborum ^ decipitur sono,
nee curat Orion leones

aut timidos agiUire lyncas. 40

* laborum : good MSS. read alto iaWrem.

140

ODES BOOK II. xiii

How narrowly did I escape beholding the realms
of dusky Proserpine and Aeacus on his judgment seat,
and the abodes set apart for the righteous, and Sappho
complaining on Aeolian lyre of her countrywomen,
and thee, Alcaeus, rehearsing in fuller strain with
golden plectrum ^ the woes of seaman’s life, the cruel
woes of exile, and the woes of war. The shades
marvel at both as they utter words worthy of reverent
silence ; but the dense throng,, shoulder to shoulder
packed, drinks in more eagerly with listening ear
stories of battles and of tyrants banished. What
wonder, when lulled by such strains, the hundred-
headed monster lowers his black ears, and the serpents
writhing in the locks of the Furies stop for rest ! Yea,
even Prometheus and Pelops’ sire are beguiled of
their sufferings by the soothing sound, nor does Orion
care to chase the lions or the wary lynxes,

1 See note on p. 7S.

I

141

CARMINVM LIBER II

XIV

Ehev fugaces, Postume, Postume,
labuntur anni, nec pietas moram
rugis et instanti seiiectae
adferet irulomitaeque morti ;

non, si trecenis, quotquot eunt dies,
amice, places kilacrimabilem
Plutona tauris, qui ter am plum
Geryoneii Tityoiique tristi

compescit unda, scilicet omnibus,
quicumque terrae munere vescinuir^
enaviganda, sive reges
sive inopes erimus coloni

frustra criiento Marte carebimus
fractisque rauci fluctibus Hadriae,
frustra per autumnos nocentein
corporibus metuemus Austrum ;

visendus ater flumine languido
Cocytos errans et Danai genus
infame damnatusque longi
Sisyphus Aeolides laboris.

10

14.2

20

ODES BOOK II

ODE XIV

Death is Inevitable

Alas, O Postumus, Postumus, the years glide swiftly
by, nor will righteousness give pause to wrinkles, to
advancing age, or Death invincible — no, not if with
three hecatombs of bulls a day, my friend, thou strivest
to appease relentless Pluto, who imprisons Geryon
of triple frame and Tityos, by the gloomy stream that
surely must be crossed by all of us who feed upon
Earth's bounty, be we princes or needy husbandmen.
In vain shall we escape from bloody* Mars aiid from
the breakers of the roaring Adriatic ; in vain through
autumn tide shall we fear the south-wind that brings
our bodies harm. At last we needs must gaze
on black Cocytos winding with its sluggish flow, and
Danaus’ daughters infamous, and Sisyphus, the son of
Aeolus, condemned to ceaseless toil. Earth we must

CARMINVM LIBER II
linqiienda tellus et domus et placens
uxor, neque harum, quas col is, arborum
te praeter invisas cupressos

ulla brevem dominuin sequetur.

absnmet heres Caecuba dignior
scrvata centum clavibus et. mero
tinguet paviinentuiii supcrbo
pontidcum potiore cenis.

ODES BOOK II, xiv

leave, and home and darling wife; nor of the trees
thou teiidest now, will any follow thee, its short-lived
master, except the hated cypress. A worthier heii
shall drink thy Caecuban now cuarded by a hundred
keys, and drench tne pavement with glorious wine
choicer than that drunk at the pontilfs' feasts.

145

CARMINVM LIBER II

XV

I AM pauca aratro iugera regiae
moles reliiiquent, uiulique latius
exteiita visentur Lucrino

st^igna lacu, platanusque caelebs

evincet ulmos ; turn violaria et
myrtus et oinnis coj)ia narium
spargent olivetis odorem
fertilibus domino priori.

turn spissa ramis laurea fervidos
excludet ictus, non ita Romuli 10

praescriptum et intonsi Catoiiis
auspiciis veterumque norma.

privatus illis census erat brevis,
commune magnum : nulla decempedia
metata privatis opacam

porticus excipiebat Arcton,

nec fortuitum spemere caespitem
leges sinebant, oppida publico
sumptu iubentes et deorum

templa novo decorare saxo. XU

Ho

ODES BOOK 11

ODE XV

The bivasion of Luxury

A SHORT time a:id our princely piles will leave but
few acres to the plough ; on all sides will be seen our
fish-ponds spreading wider than the Lucrine Lake,
and the lonely plane-tree will drive out the elm ; then
will beds of violets and copses of myrtle and the whole
company of sweet perfumes scatter their fragrance
amid olive groves that once bore increase to their
former owner ; then will laurel thickets shut out
the sun’s hot rays. Not so was it prescribed under
the rule of Romulus and unshorn Cato or by the
standard of our sires. With them private estates were
small, and great was the common weal. No private
citizen had a portico measuring its tens of feet, lying
open to the shady north ; nor did the laws permit our
fathers to scorn the chance turf,^ but bade them at
common cost adorn their towns and the temples of
the gods with marbles rare.

> For building a simple altar«

141

CARMINVM LIBER II

XVI

Otivm divos rogat in patenti
preiisus Aegaeo, siinul atra iiubes
condidit lunam neque certa fulgent
sidera nautis ;

otium bello furiosa Thrace,
otium Mcdi pharetra decor i,

Grosphe, non gemmis neque purpura ve-
nale neque auro.

non enim gazae neque consularis
suminovet lictor miseros tumultus 10

mentis et curas laqueata circum
tecta volantes.

vivitur parvo bene, cui paternum
splendet in mensa tenui salinurn
nec leves somnos timor aut cupido
sordidus aufert.

quid brevi fortes iaculamur aevo
multa ? quid terras alio calentes
sole mutamus? patriae quis cxsul
se quoque fugit ?

148

ODES BOOK II

ODE XVI

Contentment the Only True Happiness
For peace the mariner prays, storm-caught on the
open Aegean, when dark clouds have hid the moon
and the stars shine no longer sure for sailors ;
for peace prays Thrace furious in war ; for peace the
Farthian with quiver richly dight — peace, Grosphus,
that cannot be bought with gems, with purple, or
with gold. For ’tis not treasure nor even the con-
sul’s lictor that can banish the wTctched tumults of
the soul and the cares that flit about the panelled
ceilings. He lives happily upon a little on whose
frugal board gleams the ancestral salt-dish, and w^hose
soft; slumbers are not banished by fear or sordid greed.
Why do we strive so hard in our brief lives for great
possessions ? Why do w^e change our own land for
climes warmed by a foreign sun ? What exile from
his country e»'er escaped himself as well ? Morbid care

149

CARMINVM LI5ER II
scandit aeratas vitiosa naves
cura nee turraas equitum relinquit,
ocior cervis et agente nimbos
ocior Euro.

laetus in praesens animus quod ultra est
oderit curare et amara lento
temperet risu. nihil est ab omni
parte beatum.

abstulit clarum cita mors Achillem,
longa Tithonum minuit senectus ; 30

et milii forsan, tibi quod negarit,
porriget bora.

te greges centum Siculaeque circum
mugiunt vaccae, tibi tollit hinnitum
apta quadrigis equa, te bis Afro
murice tinctae

vestiunt lanae ; mihi parva rura et
spiritum Graiae tenuem Camenae
Parca non mendax dedit et maiigiium
spernere vulgus. 40

150

ODES BOOK II. xvi

boards even the brass-bound galley, nor fails to over-
take the troops of horse, swifter than stags, swifter
than Eurus when he drives the storm before him.
Let the soul be joyful in the present, let it disdain
to be anxious for what the future has in store, and
temper bitterness with smile serene ! Nothing is happy
altogether, Achilles for all his glory was snatched
away by an early death ; Tilhonus, though granted a
long old age, wasted to a shadow ; and to me mayhap
the passing hour will grant what it denies to thee.
Around thee low a hundred herds of Sicilian kine ;
in thy stables whinnies the racing-mare ; thou art
clothed in w'ool twice dipped in Afric purple. To
me Fate that does not belie her name ^ has given a
small domain, but she has vouchsafed the fine breath
of Grecian song and a scorn for the envious crowd.

^ i.e, because she is parca: ** sparing in her gifts.”

m

CARMINVM LIBER II

XVII

<!Jvr me querellis exanimas tuis t
nec dis amicum est nec mihi te prim
obire^ Maecenas, mearum

grande decus coluinenque rerutn.

a, te meae si partem animae rapit
niatiirior vis, quid moror altera,
nec earns aeque nec superstes
integer ? ille dies utratnque

diicet ruinam. non ego perfidum
dixi sacramentum : ibiinus, ibimus, 10

utcumque praecedes, supreiuuni
carpere iter coinites parati.

me nec Chimaerae spiritus igneae
nec, si resurgat, centimanus Gyas'
divellet umquam : sic potenti
Iiistitiae placitumque Parcis,

seu Libra sen me Scorpios adspicit
formidolosus pars violentior
natal is horae seu tyrannus

Hesperiae Capricornus undae, *0

* Gy as Lambmu$: gigas MSS

158

ODES BOOK II

ODE XVII

Despair not, Maecenas ! One Star Links our
Destinies

Why dost thou crush out my life by thy complaints?
'Tis the will neither of the gods nor of myself that I
should pass away before thee, Maecenas, the great
glory and prop of my own existence. Alas, if some
untimely blow snatches thee, the half of my own life,
away, why do I, the other half, still linger on, neither
so dear as before nor surviving whole ? That fatal day
shall bring the doom of both of us. No false oath have
I taken ; both, both together, will we go, whene’er
thou leadest the way, prepared as comrades to travel
the final journey. Me no fiery breath of Chimaera, nor
hundred-handed Gy as, should he rise against me, shall
ever tear from thee. Such is the will of mighty J us-
tice and the Fates. Whether Libra or dread Scorpio
or Capricornus,lord of the Hesperian wave, dominates
my horoscope as the more potent influence of my

15S

CARMINVM LIBER II
utrumque nostrum incredibili modo
consentit astrum. te lovis impio
tutela Saturno refulgens
eripiiit volucrisque Fati

tardavit alas, cum populus frequens
laetuin theatris ter crepuit soiium ;
me truncus inlapsus cerebro
sustulerat, nisi Faunus ictum

d extra levasset, Mercurialium
custos virorum, redder e victimas
aedemque votivam memento ;
nos humiiem feriemus agnain.

ODES BOOK II. xvii

natal hour, the stars of us twain are wondrously
linked together. To thee the protecting power of
Jove, outshining that of baleful Saturn, brought
rescue, and stayed the wings of swift Fate what
time the thronging people thrice broke into glad
applause in the theatre. Me the trunk of a tree,
descending on my head, had snatched away, had not
Faunus, protector of poets, with his light hand warded
off the stroke. Remember then to offer the victims
due and to build a votive shrine ! 1 will sacrifice a

humble Itgub.

155

CARMINVM LIBER II

XVIIl

Non ebuT neque aureum

mea reiiidct in domo lacunar,
non trabes Hymettiae

premunt columnas ultima recisas

Africa, neque Attali

jgnotus heres regiam occupavi,
nec Laconicas mihi

trahunt honestac purpuras clientae.

at fides et ingeni

benigna vena est, pauperemque dives
me petit : nihil supra

deos lacesso nec potentem amicum

largiora flagito,

satis beatus unicis Sabinis.
truditur dies die,

novaeque pergunt interire lunae.

tu secanda marmora

locas sub ipsum funus et sepulcri
immemor struis donios,

marisque Bais obstrepentis urges

ODES BOOK il

ODE XVIII
The Vanity of Riches

Not ivory or gilded panel gleams in my home, nor do
beams of Hyraettian marble rest on pillars quarried
in farthest Africa, nor have I, as heir of Attains,^
become unwittingly the owner of a palace, nor for me
do high-born dames trail robes of Laconian purple.
But I have loyalty and a kindly vein of genius, and me,
though poor, the rich man courts. I importune the
gods for nothing more, and of my friend in power I
crave no larger boon, happy enough in my cherished
Sabine farm. Day treads upon the heel of day, and
new moons haste to wane ; yet thou on the gravels
verge dost contract for the cutting of marble slabs,
and, forgetful of the tomb, dost rear a palace, eager to
build out the coast of the sea that thunders by Baiae,

^ In 133 B.o. Attaint III., King of Pergamue, had made
Ihe Roman pdopla his hair.

157

CARMINVM LIBER II
summovere litora,

parum locuples continente ripa.
quid quod usque proximos
revellis agri terminos et ultra

limites clientium

salis avarus ? pellitur paternoa
in sinu ferens deos

et uxor et vir sordidosque natos.

nulla certior tamen

rapacis Orci fine destinata $0

aula divitem rnanet

erum. quid ultra tendis ? aequa tellus

pauperi recluditur

regumque pueris, nec satelles Orci
callidum Promethea

revexit auro captus. hie superbum

Tantalum atque Tantali
genus coerceL hie levare functum
pauperem laboribus

vocatus atque non vocatus audit. 4C

15%

ODES BOOK II. xviii

not rich enough in the mainland shore. What, that
thou tearest down each neighbouring post that
marks thy farm, and in thy greed dost overleap the
boundaries of thy tenants ! Man and wife are driven
forth bearing in tlieir arms their houseliold gods and
ragged children. And yet no hall more certainly
awaits the wealthy lord than greedy Orcus' destined
bourne. Why strive for more and more ? For all
alike doth Earth unlock her bosom — for the poor
man and for princes' sons. Nor could Orcus’ minion
be bribed by gold to ferry back Prometheus, the
crafty. Proud Tantalus and the son of Tantalus he
holdeth fast, and, summoned or unsunimoned, lends
an ear to free tlie poor man when his toils arc o’er.

159

CARMINVM LIBER II

XIX

Bacchvm in remotis carmina rupibus
vidi docentera — credite ported —
Nymphasque discentes et auris
capripedum Satyrorum acutaa.

cuhoe, recenti mens trepidat metii,
plenoque Bacchi pectore turbid um
laetatur. euhoe, parce, Ldber,
parce, gravi metuende thyrso.

fas pervicaces est mihi Thyiadas
vinique fontem lactis et u be res
cantare rivos atque truncis
lapsa cavis iterare mella;

fas et beatae coniugis add i turn
stellis honorem tectaque Peiithei
disiecta non leni ruina

Thracis et exitium Lycurgi,

tu flectis amnes, tu mare barbaruin,
tu separatis uvidus in iugis
nodo coerces viperino

Bistonidum sine fraude crincs.

ODES BOOK II

ODE XIX

BctcckuSy Thine s the Power !

Bacchus I saw on distant crags — believe me, ye of
alter time — teaching hymns, and I beheld the nymjihs
his pupils, and the goat-footed satyrs with their
pointed cars. Evoe 1 My heart thrills with fear
still fresh, and tumultuously rejoices, since my breast
is full of the god. Evoe ! Liber ! Spare me, oh,
spare me, thou god to be dreaded for thy mighty
thyrsus ! *Tis meet for me to sing of the tireless
Bacchanals, to tell of the fountains of wine, the rich
streams of milk, and the honey distilling from
hollow tree-trunks. Meet, too, it is to sing of the
crown of thy consort deified, set now among the stars,
and Pentheus* palace overthrown in dire destruction,
and the fatal end of Thracian Lycurgus. Thou beiulest
to thy sway the streams and the savage sea. On
distant peaks, flushed with wine, thou bindest the
hair of the Bistonian women with harmless knot of

161

CARMINVM LIBER II
tu, cum parentis regna per arcluum
cohors Gigantum scaiuleret im{)ia,
Rhoetum retorsisti leonis
unguibus horribilique mala;

qiiamquam choreis aptior et iocis
ludoque d ictus non sat idoneus
pugnae ferebaris ; sed idem
pacis eras inediusque belli,

te vidit insons Cerberus aureo
cornu decorum, Icniter atterens
caudam, et recedentis trilingui
ore pedes tetigitque crura.

ODES BOOK IL xix

serpents. Thou, too, when the impious crew of
giants through the steep sky strove to mount to the
realms of Jove, didst hurl back Rhoetus with the
dread lion’s claw and tooth. Though called fitter for
dance and mirth and game, and said to be ill suited
for the fight, yet thou didst share in war as well as
peace. Thee, too, glorious with thy horn of gold,
Cerberus looked upon and harmed thee not, brushing
thee fondly with his tail, and at thy going touched
thy legs and feet with his triple tongue.

\6S

CAIIMINVM LIBER II

XX

Non usitata nec tenui ferar
pinna bifonnis per liquiclum aethera
vates, neque in terris morabcr
longius invidiaque niaior

urbes relinquam. non ego, pauperuni
sanguis parentum, non ego, quern vocas,
dilecte Maecenas, obibo
nec Stjgia coliibebor unda.

iam iam residunt cruribus asperae
pelles, et album mutor in alitem 10

superne, nascunturque leves
per digitos umer()S(|ue plumae,

iam Daedaleo notior^ Icaro
vlsam gcmentis litora Bosphori
Syrtesque Gaetulas canorus
ales Hyperboreosque cain])os,

me Colchus et, qui dissimulat metum
Marsae cohortis, Dacus et ultimi
noscent Geloiii, me peritus

discet I liber Rhodanique potor. 20

absint inani funere neniae
luctusque turpes et querimoniae ;
compesce clamorem ac sepulcri
mitte supervacuos honores.

^ inferior MSS, ocior: tutior Bentley,

1 64

ODES BOOK II

ODE XX

The Poet prophesies his own Immortality

On no common or feeble pinion shall I soar in double
form through the liquid air, a j>oet still, nor lingei
more on earth, but victorious over envy I shall quit
the towns of men. Not I, the son of parents poor,
not I, who hear your voice, beloved Maecenas, shall
perish, or be confined by w^aters of the Styx. Even
now the wrinkled skin is gathering on my ankles,
and I am changing to a snowy swan above, and o’er
my arms and shoulders is spreading a plumage soft.
Soon, a tuneful bird, I shall visit the shores of the
moaning Bosphorus, more renowned than Icarus, bom
of Daedalus; I shall visit the Gaetulian Syrtes and
the plains of the Hyperboreans. Me the Colchian
shall come to know, and the Dacian, who feigns to
feel no dread of our Marsian cohorts, and the far
Geloni ; by the study of my writings the Spaniard
shall become learned and they who drink the waters
of the Rhone.

Let dirges be absent from what you falsely deem
my death, and unseemly show of grief and lamenta-
tion ! Restrain all clamour and forgo the idle tribute
of a tomb 1

165

BOOK III

LIBEU m

Odi profanum vulgus et arceo;
favete linguis. carmina non prius
audita Musarum sacerdos
virgin ibus puerisque canto.

regum timendorum in proprios greges,
reges in ipsos imperium est lovis,
clari Giganteo triumpho,
cuncta supercilio moventis.

est ut viro vir latius ordinet
arbiista sulcis, hie gen erosior
descendat in Campum petitor,
moribus hie melujnpie faina

contendat, illi turba clientium
sit inaior; aequa lege Necessitas
sortitur insignes et imos :

omne capax movet urna nomen.

BOOK III

ODE i

Simplicity

I HATE the uninitiaie crowd and keep them far away.
Observe a reverent silence ! I, tlie Muses* priest,
sing for maids and boys songs not heard before.

The rule of dreaded kings is over their own
peoples; but over the kings themselves is the rule
of Jove, glorious for his victory o’er the Giants, and
controlling all things with the nod ot his brow.

’Tis true that one man plants his vineyards over
wider acres than his fellow ; that one candidate for
office who comes down to the Campus is of nobler
birth, another of greater worth and fame, while still
another has a larger band of followers ; yet with
impartial justice Necessity allots the fates of high
and low alike. The ample urn keeps tossing every

109

name.

CARMINVM LIBER III
(lestrictus eiisis cui super impia
cervice pendet, non Siculae dapes
dulcem elaborabunt saporem,

non avium citharaeque cantus 20

somnum reducent. somnus agrcst ium
lenis viroriim non humiles doinos
fastidit umbrosamque ripam,
nun zephyris agitata rempe.

desi derail tern quod satis est neque
tumultuosum sollicitat mare
II ec saevus Arcturi cadentis
impetus aut orientis Haedi,

non verberatae grandine vineae
fundusque mendax, arbore nunc aquas SO

culpante, nunc torrentia agros
sidera, nunc hiemes iniquas.

contracta pisces aequora sentiunt
iactis in altum molibus: hue frequens
caementa deniittit redemptor
cum faniulis domiiiusque terrae

fastidiosus. sed Timor et Minae
scandunt codem quo dominus, neque
decedit aerata trirt mi et

post equitem sedet atra Cura. 40

170

ODES BOOK III. i.

Over whose impious head ^ the drawn sword hangs,
for him Sicilian feasts will produce no savour sweet,
nor will music of birds or lutes bring back sleep to his
coucli. Soft slumber scorns not the humble cottage of
the peasant, nor tlie shady bank, nor the valley by
the zephyrs fanned. He who longs for only what he
needs is troubled not by stormy seas, not by the fierce
onslaught of setting Arcturus or rising Haedus — not
by the lashing of his vineyards with the hail, nor by
the treachery of his farm, the trees complaining now
of too much rain, now of the dog-star parching the
fields, now of the cruel winters.

The fishes note tlie narrowing of the waters by
piers of rock laid in their depths. Here the builder
with his throng of slaves, and the master who disdains
the land, let down the nibble. But Fear and Threats
climb to the selfsame spot the ow ner does ; nor does
black Care quit the brass-bound galley and even takes
her seat behind the horseman.

1 An allusion to “the a word of Damocles.** When Damocles
extolled the great felicity of the tyrant Dionysius, the latter
placed him at a sumptiioUB bamiuet where Damocles saw a
•word suspeuded over his head by a single hair.

171

CARMINVM LIBER III
quodsi dolentem nec Phrygius lapis
nec purpurarum sidere clarior
delenit usus nec Falerna

vitis Achaemeni unique costum,

cur invidendis postihus et novo
sublime ritu moliar atrium ?
cur valle peniiutem Sabina
divitias operosiores ?

I7f

ODES BOOK III. i

But if neither IMirygian marble nor j)urple brighter
than the stars nor Falernian wine nor Persian nard
can soothe one in distress, why should I rear aloft
in modern style a hall with columns to stir envy ?
Why should I change my Sabine dale for the greater
burden of wealth ?

G

173

CARMINVM LIBER III

II

Angvstam amice |>au}>criem pati
robustus acri militia puer
condiscat et Partlios feroces
vexet eques metuendiis liasta,

vitamque sub divo et trepidis a^at
in rebus, ilium ex moenibus hosticis
matrona bellantis tyranni
prospiciens et adulta virgo

suspiret : eheu, ne rudis agminum
spoiisus lacessat regius asperum
tactu leonem, quein cruenta
per medias rapit ira caedes."

dulce et decorum est pro patria mori.
mors et fugacem persequitur virum,
nec parcit imbellis iuventae
poplitibus tiinidove tergo.

Virtus, repulsae nescia sordidae,
intaminatis fulget honoribus,
nec sumit aut ponit secures
arbitrio popularis aurae.

ODES BOOK III

ODE II

Endurance, and FideUiif io One s Trust
Let the youth, hardened by active service, learn to
bear with patience trying hardships I Let him, a
horseman dreaded for his lance, harass the warlike
Parthians and pass his life beneath the open sky
amid stirring deeds ! At siglit of him from foeman's
battlements may the consort of the warring tyrant
and the rij)e maiden sigh : ‘‘ Ah, let not our royal
lover, unpractised in the fray, rouse the lion fierce to
touch, whom rage for blood hurries through the midst
of carnage 1 ”

'Tis sweet and glorious to die for fatherland. Yet
Death o’ertakes not less the runaway, nor spares the
limbs and coward backs of faint-hearted youths.

True worth, that never knows ignoble defeat,
shines with undimmed glory, nor takes up nor lays
aside the axes at the fickle mob’s behest. True worth,

175

CARMINVM LIBER III
Virtus, recludens immeritis mori
caelum, negata temp tat iter via,
coetusque vulgares et udam

spernit humum fugienle pinna.

est et fideli tiita silentio
merces : vetabo, qiii Cereris sacrum
volgarit arcanae, sub isdem

sit trabibus fragilemque meciini

solvat phaselon ; saepe Diespiter
negiectus incesto addidit inlegrum,
raro antecedentem scelestuin
deseruit pede Poena claudo.

SO

176

ODES BOOK III. ii

opening Heaven wide for those deserving not to die,
essays its course by a path denied to others, and
spurns the vulgar crowd and damp earth on fleeting
pinion.

There is a sure reward for trusty silence, too. 1
will forbid the man who has divulged the sacred rites
of mystic Ceres, to abide beneath the same roof or to
unmoor with me the fragile bark. Often has outraged
Jupiter involved the innocent with the guilty ; but
rarely does Vengeance, albeit of halting gait, fail to
overtake the guilty, though he gain the start.

177

CARMINVM LIBER III

III

IvsTVM et tenacem propositi viriim
non oiviuin ardor prava iubentiuin,
non vultus instantis tyranni

mente quatit solida neque Aiister,

dux inquieti turbidus Hadriae,
nec fulininantis magna maniis lovis ;
si fractus inlabatur orbis,
impavidum ferient ruinae.

hac arte Pollux et vagus Hercules
enisus arces attigit igneas, 1 0

quos inter Augustus recurnbens
purf)ureo bibet ^ ore nectar.

hac te merentem, Bacclie pater, tuae
vexere tigres, indocih iugum
collo trahentes ; hac Quiriniis
Martis equis Acheron ta fugit^

gratum elocuta consiliantibus
I u none divis : “ Ilion, llion
fatalis inceslusque index

et mu Her peregrina vertit 20

178

^ Sonic MSS. read bibit*

ODES BOOK III

ODE 111

Justice^ and Steadfastness of Purpose
'Fhe man tenacious of his purpose in a rigliteous
cause is not shaken from his firm resolve hy the
frenzy of his fellow citizens bidding what is wTong,
not by the face of threatening tyrant, not by Auster,
stormy master of the restless Adriatic, not by the
mighty hand of thundering Jove. Were the vault
of heaven to break and fall upon him, its ruins
would smite liim undismayed.

'Twas by such merits that Pollux and roving
Hercules strove and reached the starry citadels,
reclining among whom Augustus shall sip nectar
with ruddy lips. 'Twas for such merits. Father
Bacchus, that thy tigers drew thee in well-earned
triumph, wearing the yoke on untrained neck. Twas
for such merits that Quirinus escaped Acheron on the
steeds of Mars, what time Juno, among the gods in
council gathered, spake the welcome words : ‘‘ Ilium,
Ilium has been turned to dust by an umpire fateful

179

CARMINVM LIBER III
in pulverem, ex quo destituit deos
niercede pacta Laomedon, mihi
castaeque damnatum Miiiervae
cum popiilo et duce fraiidulento.

iam nec Lacaenae splendet adulterae
fainosus hospes nec Priami domus
periura puj^naces Achivos
Hectoreis opibus refringit,

nostrisque ductum seditionihus
bellum resedit. protinus et graves
iras et invisum nepotem,

Troica quern peperit sacerdos,

Marti redonabo ; ilium ego lucidas
ill ire sedcs, ducere ^ nectaris
sucos et adscribi quietis
ordinibus patiar deorum,

dum long us inter saeviat I lion
Romamque pontus, qualibet exsulcs
in parte rev^nanto beati ;

dum Priami Paridisque busto

insultet armentum et catulos ferae
celent inultae, stet Capitolium
fulgens triumphatisque possit
Roma ferox dare iura Med is.

^ Ocxxi MSS. aUo have dlsccre*

ODES BOOK III. iii

and impure, and by a foreign woman — Ilium given
over to me and virgin Pallas, with its folk and
treacherous king, ever since Laomedon cheated the
gods of their covenanted pay. No longer does the
infamous stranger dazzle the eyes of his Spartan
paramour, nor does the perjured house of Priam with
Hector's help longer batlle the contending Greeks;
and the war our feuds had lengthened, now has ended.
Henceforth 1 will abandon my fierce wrath and restore
to Mars my hated grandson whom the Trojan
priestess bore. Him will I suffer to enter the abodes
of light, to quaff sweet nectar, and to be enrolled in
the serene ranks of the gods.

Provided only a wide sea rage between Ilium and
Rome, let the exiles reign happy in whatever place
they choose ; provided only the cattle trample over
the tomb of Priam and of Paris, and the wild beasts
hide their whelps therewith impunity, let the Capitol
stand gleaming, and let warlike Rome dictate terms
to the conquered Medes I Heltl far and wide in awe,

181

CARMINVM LIBER III
horrenda late nomen in ultimas
extendat oras, qua medius liquor
seecrnit Ruropen ab Afro,

qua turn id us rigat arva Nilus,

ail rum inrepertum et sic melius si turn,
cum terra celat, spernere fortior 50

quam cogere humanos in usus
omne sacrum ra])iente d extra,

quicumque raundo terminus obstitit,
huiie tangat armis, visere gesti(uis,
qua parte debacchentur ignes,
qua nebulae pluviique rores.

sed bellicosis fata Quiritibus
hac lege dico, ne nimium pii
rebusque fidentes avitae

tecta velint reparare Froiae. 60

Troiae renascens alite lugubri
fortuna tristi clade iterabitur
ducerite victrices catervas
coniuge me lovis et sorore.

ter si resurgat mums aeneiis
auctore Plioebo, ter pereat ineis
excisus Argivis, ter uxor

capta virum puerosque ploret/'

182

ODES BOOK Til. iii

let her spread her name to farthest coasts, where the
Strait severs Europe from Africa, where the swollen
Nile waters the corn-lands, stronger to s{>iirn undis-
covered gold (l)etter so bestowed, while Earth yet
hides it) tlian to gather it for human uses with
a hand that plunders every sacred thing. VVliat-
ever limit bounds the world, this let her reach with
her arms, eager to behold where tropic heats hold
revel, where mists and dripping rains prevail.

But on this condition only do 1 foretell the fates
to the martial Quirites : Let tlu ni not, too loyal and
too trustful of their power, wi^h to renew the roofs
of ancestral Troy ! If Troy's fortune revive again,
it shall be under evil omen, and her doom shall be
repeated with dire disaster, I, Jove's consort and
sister, leading the conquering hosts. Should her
walls thrice rise in bronze with Phoebus’ help,
thrice shall they perish, destroyed by my Argive
warriors; thrice shall the captive wife mourn her
husband and her children.”

183

CARMINVM LIBER III
non hoc iocosae conveiiiet lyrae :
quo, Musa, teiidis ? desine pervieax
refcrre sermon es deoriim et
magiia mod is teiiuare parvis.

70

184

ODES BOOK 111. iii

But this will not befit the sportive lyre. On what,
O Muse, art thou bent ? Cease wantonly to report
the councils of the gods and to belittle lofty themes
with trivial measures !

1S5

CARMINVM LIBKR ill

IV

Descenhe caelo et die age tibia
regina longuin CalUoj)e melos,
seu voce nunc mavis acuta
seu fidibiis citharaque Phoebi.

aiiditis, an me hid it amabilis
insania ? auflire et vidcor pios
errare jier lucos, amoenae

quos et aquae subeunt et aurae.

me fabulosae Volturc in avio ^
nutricis extra limeii Apuliae^ 10

ludo fatigatumque somno

frond e nova puerurn palumbes

texere, miruin quod foret omnibus,
quicumque celsae nidum Acherontiae
saltusqiie Bantinos ct arvum
pingue tenent humilis Forenti,

ut tuto ab atris corpore viperis
dorrnirem et ursis, ut premerer sacra
lauroque conlataque myrto,

non sine dis animosus infans. 20

186

* avio Keller : Apulo MSS,
i Good MSS* alto have Ilmina Pallia*.

ODES BOOK III

ODE IV
Wisdovi and Order

Descend from heaven, O Queen Calliope, and play
ujx)n the flute a long-continued melody, or sing with
thy clear voice, dost thou prefer, or to the strings of
Phoebus’ lyre 1 Do ye hear, my mates ? Or does
some fond illusion mock me? Methinks I hear her
and am straying through hallowed groves, where
pleasant waters steal and breezes stir.

In childhood’s days, on trackless Vultur, beyond
the borders of old nurse Apulia, when I was tired
with play and overcome with sleej), the doves of
story covered me o’er with freshly fallen leaves, to
be a marvel to all who dwell in lofty Acherontia’s nest
and Bantia’s glades, and the rich fields of Forentum
in the dale — how I slept safe from bears and black
serpents, how I was overspread with sacred bay and
gathered myrtlci with the gods’ help a fearless
child.

187

CARMINVM LIBER III
vester, (^anienae, vester in arduos
tollor Sabinos, seu mihi fri^idum
Praeneste seu Tibur supinum
seu liquidae placuere Baiae.

vestris amictirn fontibus et cboris
non me Philippis versa acies relro,
devota non extinxit arbor,
nec Sicula Palinurus unda.

utciimque mecum vos eritis, libcns
insariientem navita Bosphonim SO

temptabo et urentes harenas
litoris Assyrii viator ;

visam Britannos hospitibus feros
et laetum equino sanguine Concanum,
visam pharet rates Gelonos

et Scythicum inviolatus amnem.

vos Caesar em altum, militia simul
fessas cohortes addidit oppidis,
finire quaerentem labores,

Pierio recreatis antro. 40

vos lene consilium et datis et dato
gaudetis, almae. scimus, ut impios
Titanas immanemque turbam
fulmine sustulerit caduco.

IBS

ODES BOOK III. iv

As yours, yes, yours, O Muses, do I climb to my
(ofty Sabine hills, or go to cool Praeneste, or
sloping Tibur, or to cloudless Baiae, has it but
caught my fancy. Friend of your s])rings and dan-
cing choirs, not Philippi’s rout destroyed me, nor that
accursed tree, nor the Sicilian wave near Palinurus’
headland. Whenever ye are with me, gladly will I
as mariner essay the raging Bosphorus, or as wanderer
the blazing sands of the Syrian shore. I’ll visit all
unscathed the Britons, no friends to strangers, the
Concanian that delights in draughts of horses’ blood,
the Geloni that wear the quiver, and the Scythian
stream.

'Tis ye who in Pierian grotto refresh our noble
Caesar, when he seeks to soothe his cares, now that
he has settled in the towns his cohorts wearied with
campaigning. Ye give gentle counsel, and delight in
giving it, ye goddesses benign. Full well we know
how the impious Titans and their frightful horde were

189

CARMINVM LIBER 111

qui terrain iiiertera, qui mare teinperat
ventosum et urbes regnaque tristia,
divosque mortalcsqiie turnias
imperio regit uiius aequo.

magnum ilia terrorem inlulerat lovi
fideiis iuventus horrida braccliiis 50

fratresque teiidentes opaco
Pelion iinj)osuisse Olyinpo.

sed quid Typhoeus et validus Mimas,
aut quid minaci Forpliyrion statu,
quid Rtioetus evulsisque truiicis
Enceladus iaculator autlax

contra sonantem Palladis aegida
possent ruerites ? hinc avidus stetit
Vulcanus, hinc matrona Iiino et

numquam uineris |>ositurus arcuin, 60

qui rore puro Castaliae lavit
crines solutos. qui Lyciae tenet
dunieta natalemque silvam,

Delius et Patareus Apollo.

vis consili expers mole ruit sua :
vim tempera tarn di quoque provehuiit
in maius ; idem odere vires
omne nefas animo moventes.

190

DDKS BOOK HI. iv

struck downwith the descending i)olt by him who rules
the lifeless earth, the wind-swept sea, cities, and the
gloomy realms below, who alone with righteous sway
governs the gods and throngs of men. Mighty terror
had been brought on Jove by that insolent crew,
bristling with hands, and by the brothers who strove
to set Pelion on shadowy Olympus. But what
could Typhoeus avail and mighty Mimas, what Por-
phyrion with his threatening mien, what Rhoetus and
Enceladus, bold hurler of uprooted trees, in their rush
against the ringing aegis of Minerva! On this side
stood eager Vulcan, on that, matron Juno and he who
from his shoulder shall never lay aside the bow, who
laves his flowing locks in CastalWs pure dew, w'ho
haunts the Lycian thickets and the forests of his
native isle, god of Delos and of Patara, Apollo’s self

Brute force bereft of wisdom falls to ruin by its
own weight. Power with counsel tempered, even the
gods make greater. But might that in its soul is bent

m

CARMINVM LIBER III
testis mearuni centimanus Gyiis *
sententiarum, iiotus et inlegrae 7()

teniptator Orion Dianae,
virginea domitus sagitta.

iniecta rnonstris Terra dolet suis
maeretque partus fulrniiie luritlum
missos ad Orcum ; nee peredit
impositam celer ignis Aetiien,

incontinentis nee Tityi iecur
reliquit ales, nequitiae additus
custos ; amatorem trecentac

Pirithoum cohibent cateiiae. 80

' Gy as jM.mhinu»: gigas 31 bS,

192

ODES BOOK III. iv

on all impiety, they Iiate. Be hundred-handed Gyas
the witness of iny verdict, Orion too, well-known
assailant of chaste Diana, subdued by the arrow of the
maiden-goddess ! Earth, heaped upon her monstrous
offsj)ring, mourns and laments her j)rogeny hurled
dowTi to murky Oreiis by the thunderbolt. Nor yet
has the swift-darting flame eaten through Aetna’s
pile, nor does the vulture leave the breast of lawless
Tityos, set as a watciiman o'er his infamy. And
thrice a hundred chains horn tast the amorous
Pirithous^

193

CARMINVM LIBER III

V

Carlo tonantem creclidirnus lovem
rt‘;;nare ; praesens clivus habchiliir
Augustus aciiectis Britannis
imperio gravibiisquc IVrsis.

riiilesne Crassi coiiiuge bar])ara
turpis maritus vixit et hostiuin
(pro curia inversiqiie iiioia s !)
consciiuit soccroruru in ariuis

sub rege Me do, Marcus et A pul us
aiK'ilioruin et norninis et togae 10

obi it us aeteriiaeque Veslae,
incolumi love et urbe Itonia?

hoc caverat mens provida Reguli
disseiitieiitis coiidicionibus
foedis et exernplo tralientis^
perniciem veniens in acviiin,

si non peri ret immiserabilis
ca])tiva j^ijbes. signa ego Punicis
adfixa delubris et anna

inilitibus sine caetle ” dixit 20

194

^ Liahentis all AIS3. : traheuti many editors.

ODES BOOK III

ODE V
Martial Courage

W i>: believe that Jove is king in heaven because we
hear his thunders [)eal ; Augustus shall be deemed a
god on earth lor adding to our empire the Britons
and dread I’arthians. Did Crassus’ troops live in
base wedlock with barbarian wives and (alas, our
sunken Senate and our altered ways !) grow' old in
service (»f the foes whose daughters they hail w edded
— Marsian and Apulian submissive to a Parthian king,
forgetful of the sacred shields, the Roman name, the
toga, and eternal Vesta, while Jove’s temjdes and the
city Rome remained unharmed?

’Twas against I his tlie far-seeing mind of Regulus had
guarded when he revolted from the shamefid terms
and from such })recedent foresaw ruin extending to the
coming ages, should not the captive youth perish with-
out pity. With mine own eyes/' he said, have I seen
our standards hung up in Punic slirines, and weapons

195

CARMINVM LIBER III
"derepta vidi, vidi ego civium
retorta tergo bracchia libero
portasque non clausas et arva
Marte coli populata nostro.

auro repensus scilicet acrior
miles redibit, flagitio add it is
damnum : neque ainissos colorca
lana rcfert inedicata fuco,

nec vera virtus, cum semel excidiL
curat reponi deterioribus.
si pugnat extricala densis
cerva plagis, eritille fortis

qui perfidis se credidit liostibus,
et Marte Poenos proteret altero,
qui lora restrictis lacertis

sensit iners timuitque mortem.

hie, unde vitam sumeret insciiis,
pacem duello miscuit. o pudor
o magna Carthago, probrosis
altior Italiae minis !

fertur pudicae coniugis osculuin
parvosque natos ut capitis minor
ab se removisse et virilem
torvus humi posuisse voltum.

ODES BOOK III. V

wrested from our soldiers without bloodshed; with
mine own eyes have I seen the hands of freemen
pinioned behind their backs, the gates (of Carthage)
open wide, the fields once ravaged by our warfare
tilled again. Redeemed by gold, forsooth, our soldiers
will renew the strife with greater bravery ! To shame
ye are but adding loss; the wool with purple dyed
never regains the hue it once has lost, nor does true
manhood, when it once has vanished, care to be re-
stored to degenerate breasts. If the doe gives fight
when loosened from the close-meshed toils, then will
he be brave who hastru.sted himself to perfidious foes,
and he will crush the Carthaginians in a second war
who has tamely felt the thongs upon his fettered
arms and has stood in fear of death. Such a one,
not knowing how to make his life secure, has con-
founded war with peace. Alas the shame ! O
mighty Carthage, raised higher on Italy’s disgraceful
ruins.”

’Tis said he put away his chaste wife’s kisses and
his little children, as one bereft of civil rights, and
sternly bent his manly gaze upon the ground, till he

197

CARMINVM LIBER HI
donee labantis consilio patres
firmaret auctor numquam alias dato,
interque maereiites amicos
e^regiiis properaret exsul,

atqiii sciebat quae sibi barbarus
tortor pararet. non aliter taiiicn
diniovit obsfcuites propiiiquos
et populum reditus morautem,

quam si clieiiturn longa negotia
diiudicata lite relinqucreL
tendeiis Venafranos in agros
aut Lacedaemoiiium Tan iilum.

50

19ft

ODES BOOK III. V

should strengthen the Senate’s wavering purpose by
advice ne’er given before, and amid sorrowing friends
sfiould hurry forth a glorious exile. Full well he knew
what the barbarian torturer was making ready for
him ; and yet he pushed aside the kinsmen who
blocked his path and the people who would stay his
going, with no less unconcern than if some case incoiirt
had been decided, and he w^ere leaving the tedious
business of his clients, speeding to Venafrau fields,
or to L^acedaeinonian Tarentuim

199

CARMINVM LIBER III

VI

Delicta maiorum immeritiis lues,
Rornane, donee tcmpla refect ris
aedesqiu' labentes deorum et
foeda nigro simulacra fumo.

dis te ininorem quod geris, imperas :
hinc oiniie principium ; hue refer exitum.
di inulta neglecti dedernnt
Hesperiae mala liictuosae.

iam bis Monaeses et Pacori rnanus
non auspicatos conludit impetus
nostros et aaieeisse praedam
torquibus exiguis renidet.

pacne occiipatam seditionibus
delevit urbem Dacus et Aetbioj)s,
hie classe forinidatus, ille
missilibus melior sagittis.

fecunda culpae saecula nuptias
priinum inquinavere et genus et donios ;
hoc fonte derivata clades

in patriam populumque fluxit.
motus doceri gaudet lonicos
matura virgo et fingitur artibus
iam nunc et incestos amorcs
de tenero ineditatur ungui.

10

20

200

ODES BOOK III

ODE VI

Religum and Purity

Thy Tathers* sins, O Roman, thou, though guiltless,
shalt expiate, t'll thou dost restt>re the crumbling
temples and shrines of the gods and their statues
soiled with grimy smoke. ’Tis by liolding thyself
the servant of the gods that thou dost rule ; with
them all things begin ; to them ascribe the out-
come ! Outraged, they have visited unnumbered
woes on sorrowing Hesperia. Already twice
Monaeses and the band of Pacorus have crushed
our ill-starred onslaughts, and now beam with joy to
have added spoil from us to their paltry necklaces.
Beset with civil strife, the City has narrowly escaped
destruction at the hands of Dacian and of Aethiop, the
one sore dreaded for his fleet, the other better with
the Hying arrow. "J’eeming with sin, our times have
sullied first the marriage-bed, our offspring, and our
homes ; sprung from this source, disaster’s stream has
overHowed the folk and fatherland. The maiden
early takes delight in learning Grecian dances,
and trains herself in coquetry e*en now, and plans
unholy amours, with passion unrestrained A Soon midst

^ Literally : ‘ from her tender nail ’ ; t.«. in every fibre of her
being.

201

CARMINVM LIBER III
mox iuniores quaerit adulteros
inter inariti vina, neque digit
cui donet impermissa ra})tiin
gaudia lu minibus reinotis,

sed iiissa eoram non sine eonseio
surgit marito, seu vocat institor 30

sen navis Hispanae magister,
dedecorum prctiosus eni[)tor.

non his inventus orta parenlihus
infecit aequor sanguine Punieo
Pyrrhurnque et ingentem cecidit
Antiochuin Hannibalenique diriiin ;

sed rustieorum mascula militum
proles, Sabellis docta ligonibus
versare glaebas et severae

matris ad arbitriiim recisos 40

portare fustes, Sol ubi montium
inularet umbras et iuga derneret
bobus fatigatis, ami cum

tempus agens abeunte curru.

damnosa quid non imminuit dies ?
aetas parentum, peior avis, tulit
nos nequiores, mox daturos
progeniem vitiosiorem.

SOS

ODES BOOK III. Vi

her husband’s revels she seeks younger paramours,
nor stops to choose on whom she swiftly shall bcbtow
illicit joys when lights are banished; but openly,
when bidden, and not witliout her husband’s know-
Icdgc, she rises, be it some peddler summons her, or
the captain of some Spanish sliip, lavish purchaser of
shame.

Not such the sires of whom were sprung the youth
that dyed the sea witli Punic blood, and struck down
Pyrrhus and greaf Antiochus and Hannibal, the
dire ; but a manly brood of peasant soldiers, taught
to turn the clods witli Sabine hoe, and at a strict
mothers bidding to bring cut firewood, when the sun
shifted the sliadows of the mountain sides and lifted
the yoke from weary steers, bringing the welcome
time of rest with his departing car.

What do the ravages of time not injure I Our
parents’ age, worse than our grandsires’, has brought
forth us less worthy and destined soon to yield an
offspring still more wicked.

CARMINVM LIBER III

VII

Qvid fleSj Asterie, quern libi caiulidi
prinio restituent vere Favonii
Thyna merce beatum,
constantis iuvenem fide,

Gygen ? ille Notis actus ad Oric iim
post in Sana Caprae sidera frigidas
noctes non sine multis
insoninis lacrimis agit.

atqui sollicitae nuntius hospitae,
suspirare Chloen et miserarn tuis 10

dicens ignibus uri,

temptat mille vafer modis.

ut Proetum mulier perfida credulura
falsis impulerit criminibus nimis
casto Bellerophontae
maturare necem refert ;

narrat paene datum Pelea I'artaro^

Magnessam Hippolyten dum fugit abstinens;
et peccare docentes

fallax historias movet.' , 20

^ Most MSS have uionet*

ODES BOOK III

ODE VII
Constancy, Aslerie i

Wnv weepcst thou, Asterie, for Gyges, whom at
si)ring’s first advent the cloudless zephyrs shall
restore to thee, rich with Bithynian wares, thy con-
stant lover? He, by south winds driven to Oricum,
after the Goat’s wild rising, passes the chill nights
sleeplessly, not without many a tear. And yet the
messenger of liis enamoured hostess, telling how
wretched Chloe sighs and is consumed with alfeclion
for thy lover, craftily tempts him with a thousand arts.
She tells how a perfidious woman by false charges
drove credulous Proetus to bring swift death on
over-chaste Bellero[)hon. She tells of Peleus, all but
doomed to Tartarus for righteous shunning of
Magnessian Hippolyte ; and with subtle guile cites
examples that encourage faithlessness.

CARMINVM LIBER III
fruHtra : nam scopulis surdior Icari
voces audit adhuc integer, at tibi
ne vicinus Enipeus

plus iusto placeat cave ;

quamvis non alius flectere equum sciens
aeque conspicitur gramine Martio,
nec quisqiiain citus aeque
Tusco denatat alveo.

prima node domum claude neque in vias
sub cantu querulae despice tibiae,
et te saepe vocanti
duram diHicilis mane.

ODES BOOK 111. vii

Yet all in vain, for deafer than the cliffs of Icaros, he
listens to her pleas, heart-whole as yet. But have
thou a care lest to thee thy neighbour Enipeus prove
more pleasing tlian he ought, though no one else is
seen to be as skilful to guide his steed over the
Campus’ sward and no one swims so swiftly down
the Tiber’s channel. At nightfall close thy dwelling,
nor bend thy gaze into the streets at the music of
his plaintive flute, and though oft he call thee cruel,
do thou remain unyielding.

*07

CARMINVM LIBER III

VII]

Martiis caelehs quid a^am Kaleiidis,
quid velint Acres et acerra turis
plena miraris positusque carbo in
caespite vivo,

docte sermones utriusquc linguae,
voverarn dulees epulas et album
Libero caprum prope funeratus
urboris ictu.

hie dies anno redeunte festus
corticem adstrictuni j)ice deinovebit 10

amphorae fumum bibere institutac
consule Tullo.

sume, Maecenas, cyathos amici
sospilis centum et vigiles lucernas
perfer in lucem : procul omiiis esto
clamor et ira.

mitte civiles super urbe curas:
occidit Daci Cotisonis agmen,

Medus infestus sibi luctuosis
dissidet armis, 20

208

ODES BOOK III

ODE VIII
A Glad Ajifiiversarif

VViiAT I, a baclu^lor, am doing on the Martian
Kalends, what mean the flowers, tlie casket full of
incense, and the embers laid on fresh-cut turf — at
this you marvel, you versed in the lore of either
tongue ! I had vowed to Liber a savoury feast
and a pure white goat, what time I narrowly escaped
destruction by the falling tree. This festal day, each
time the year revolves, shall draw a well-pitched
cork forth from ajar set to drink the smoke ^ in Tullus’
consulship. So drain, Maecenas, a hundred cyathi in
celebration of your friend’s escape, and keep the Iam}^s
alight till dawn 1 Banish far all angry brawls ! Dismiss
the cares of state ! Crushed is the band of Dacian
Cotiso ; the hostile Parthians are fighting with each
^ Lt. sealed*

20C

CARMINVM LIBER III
servit Hispanae vetus hostis orae
Ointaber, sera doiinitus catena,
iam Scythae laxo meditantur arcu
cedere campis.

neglegens, ne qua populus laboret,
parce privatiis niniiurn cavere et
dona praesentis cape laetus liorae uc
linque severa.

ODES BOOK III. viii

other in disastrous strife ; our old Cantabrian foe of the
Spanish coast, at last in captive chains, is now our
subject. Already the Scythians, with bows unstrung
are planning to quit their plains. Be for the nonce
a private citizen, care-free, and cease to be too much
concerned lest in any way the people suffer! Gladly
take the gifts of the present hour and abandon serious
things!

tfll

CARMINVM LIBER III

IX

Donec gratus eram tibi
nec quisquam potior bracchia candidae
cervici iuvenis dabat,

Persarum vigui rege beatior.”

donec non alia ni.igis
arsisti neqiie erat Lydia post Chloerij
multi Lydia nominis

Romana vigui clarior Ilia.’*

^^me nunc Thressa Chloe regit,

dulccs docta modos et citharae sciens, 1 0

pro qua non metuam mori,

si parcent animae fata supcrstiti.”

me torret face mutua
Tliurini Calais filius Ornyti,
pro quo bis patiar mori,

si parcent puero fata superstiti.”

quid si prisca redit Venus
diductosque iugo cogit aeneo ?
si flava excutitur Chloe

reiectaeque patet ianua Lydiae ? ** 20

quamquain sidere pulchrior
ille est, tu levior cortice et improbo,
iracundior Hadria,

tecum vivere aniem, tecum obeam libens I

212

ODES BOOK III

ODE IX

Reconciliation

While I was dear to thee and no more favoured
youth Hung his arms about thy dazzling neck, I lived
in greater bliss than Persia's king."

While thou wast enamoured of no other more
than me, and Lydia ranked not after Cldoe, in joy
of my great fame I, I.ydia, lived more 'glorious than
Roman Ilia."

Me Thracian Chloe now doth sway, skilled in
sweet measures and mistress of the lyre ; for her
I will not fear to die, if the Fates but spare my
darling and suffer her to live."

Me Calais, son of Thurian Ornytus, kindles with
mutual flame ; for him right willingly I twice will die,
if the Fates but spare the lad and suffer him to live.”

Wiiat if the old love come back again and join
those now estranged beneath her compelling yoke ; if
fair-haired Chloe be put aside and the door thrown
open to rejected Lydia? "

rhough he is fairer than the stars, and thou less
stable than the tossing cork and stormier than the
wanton Adriatic, wdth thee I fain would live, with
thee Fd gladly die.”

213

CARMINVM LIBER III

X

Extremvm Tanain si biberes, Lyce,
saevo luipta viro, me tanieii aspenis
porrectum ante fores obicere ini olis
plorares Aquiloiiibus.

audis, quo strepitu ianua, quo nemus
inter pulchra satum tecta reinugiat
ventis, et positas ut glaciet iiives
puro numine luppiler?

iiigratam Veneri pone superbiam,
ne currente retro funis eat rota: 10

non te Penelopeii difficilem procis
Tyrrhenus genuit parens.

o quainvis neque te munera nec preces
nec tinctus viola [>allor arnantiuin
nec vir Pieria paelice saucius
curvat, supplicibus tuis

parcas, nec rigida mollior aesculo
nec Mauris animum mitior anguibus.
non hoc semper erit lirninis aut aquae
caelestis patiens latus.

214

20

ODES BOOK III

ODE X

A Lover s Com plaint

VYkht thou wont to drink of Tanais* distant stream,
O Lyce, wedded to some stern husband, yet wouldst
thou be lotli to ex}>ose me, stretched out before thy
cruel })ortals, to tlie blasts of thy native North. Hearest
thou how creaks the door, how the trees pi anted
within thy fair abode are moaning in the gale ;
how in cloudless majesty Jupiter is glazing the
fallen snow ? Banish thy disdain, to Venus hateful,
lest the rope run back as the wheel revolves ! ^ No
Penelope art thou, unyielding to thy suitors, nor of
Tuscan parents born. Though neither gifts nor
prayers move thee, nor thy lovers’ pallor with its
purplish tinge, nor thy husband’s passion for a
Thessalian mistress, yet spare thy suppliants, thou
less pliant than the unbending oak, and in lieart no
gentler than Moorish serpents ! Not for ever will
iny body endure thy tlireshold or the rain of heaven.

1 A figHre drawn from some meclianical appliance such as
a wind lass, of which control is lost.

215

CARMINVM LIBER III

XI

Mercvri (nam te docilis magistro
niovit Ampliion lapides caneiido),
tuque testiido resonare septem
callida nervis,

nec loquax olini neque grata, nunc et
divitum mensis et arnica teinplis,
die modes, Lyde quibus obstinatas
applicet aures,

quae veliit latis equa trima campis
ludit exsultim metuitque tangi,
nuptiarum expers et adhuc protervo
cruda marito.

tu potes tigres comitesque silvas
diicere et rivos celeres morari ;
cess it immanis tibi blandienti
ianitor aulae,

Cerberus, quamvis furiale centum
muniant angues caput eius atque
spiritus taeter saniesque manet
ore trilinguL

216

10

20

ODES BOOK III

ODE XI

Take Warmings Lyde, from the Danaids f
O Meiicuuy (for taught by thee as master,
Amphion with his measures moved the rocks) and
thou, O shell, trained to respond with thy seven
strings, thou that once wast neither eloquent nor
lovely, but now art welcome at the tables of the
rich and in the tcnn)les of the gods, utter measures
to which Eyde may incline her reluctant cars, who
now, like a filly three years old, gambols o’er the
spreading plains, and shrinks from being touched, to
wedlock still a stranger, and not yet ripe for an eager
mate.

Thou hast power to draw tigers and the forests in
thy train, and canst stay Uie dashing streams. To
thy persuasive charms Cerberus, grim gateman of the
court of hell, surrendered, though a hundred snakes

guard his frightful head, and foul breath and gore

2i7

CARMINVM LIBER HI
quin et Ixion Tityosque voltu
risit invito, stetit iirna pauliim
sicca, dum grato Danai puellas
carmine mu Ices.

audiat Lyde scelus atque notas
virginum poenas et inane lympliae
doliurn fundo pereuntis imo
seraque fata,

quae manent culpas etiam sub Oreo,
impiae (nam quid potuere maius ?) SO

impiae sponsos potuere duro
perdere ferro,

una de multis face iiu])tiali
digna periurum fuit in j)arcntem
spleiidide mendax et in omne virgo
nobilis aevum,

** surge ” quae dixit iuveni marito,

" surge, ne longus tibi somnus, unde
non times, detur; socerum et scelcstas

falle sorores, 40

quae, velut nanctae vitulos leaenae,
singiilos elieu lacerant : ego illis
mollior nec te feriam neque intra
claustra tenebo.

£18

ODES BOOK III. xj

flow from his three-tongued month. Nay, even Ixion
and 'I'ityos smiled through their anguish, and for a
little while the jar stood dry, as with Lhy winning
notes thou Danaus' daughters didst beguile. Let
Lyde hear the tale of the maidens’ sin and [)unishment
well-known, and their vessel ever empty of water
vanihhing through the bottom, and the fate which,
though long deferred, awaits wrongdoing even in
Orcus’ realms. Impious (for what greater crime could
they have compassed ?), impious, they Iiad the heart to
destroy their lovers with the cruel steel. One only of
the many was there, worthy of the marriage torch,
gloriously false to her perjured father, a maiden
noble for all time to come, who to her youthful
husband said : “Arise, arise 1 lest unending slumber
visit thee from a source thou fearest not. Elude my
father and my wicked sisters, who like lionesses that
have seized young steers, alas ! are rending each her
own. I, softer of heart than they, will neither strike
thee nor hold thee under lock and bar. Me let my

219

CARMINVM LIBKR HI
me pater saevis oneret cateiiis^
quod viro clemens misero peperci ;
me vel extremes Numidarum in agros
classe releget.

i, pedes quo te rapiunt et aurae,
dum favet Nox et Venus ; i secundo
oinine, et nostri meniorem sepulcro
scalpe querellam/'

50

220

ODES BOOK III. xi

father load with c‘ruel chains, for that in mercy I did
s{)are my hapless husband ! Let him with his ships
send me in banishment to the farthest lands of the
Niimidians! Go whither thy feet and the breezes
hurry thee, while night and Venus are propitious ’
God speed thee ! And carve upon my sepulchre an
elegy in memory of me

CARMINVM LIHER HI

XII

Miser ARVM est neque ainori dare ludum neque dulci
mala vino lavere aut exanimari metuentes
patruae verbera linguae,

tibi qualum Cythereae puer ales, tibi telas
operosaeque Minervae studium aufert, Neobule,
Liparaei nitor Hebri

simul unctos Tiberinis umeros lavit in undis,
eques ipso inelior Bellerophonte, neque pugno
neque segni pede victus,

catus idem per apertum fugientes agitaio 10

grege cervos iaculari et celer arto lati tan tern
fruticeto excipere aprum.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XII
Neohtiles Soliloquy

Wretched the maids who may not give play to love
nor drown their cares in sweet wine, or who lt)se
heart, fearing the lash of an uncle’s tongue. From
tliee, O Neohule, Cyiherea’s winged child snatches
away thy w'ool*baskct,t]iy web^ and thy devotion tohusv
Minerva, so soon as radiant Liparean liei)rus has
bathed his well anointed shoulders in d’iber’s flood,
a rider better even than Bcllerojdion, never defeated
for fault of fist or foot, clever loo lo spear tlie stags
flying in startled herd over the open })lain, and quick
to meet the wild boar lurking in the thick-set copse.

CARMINVM LIBER 111

XIII

O FONS Bandvsiae^ splendidior vitro,
dulci digne inero non sine floribus,
eras donaberis haedo,

cui frons turgida cornibus

primis et venerem et proelia destinat
frustra : nain gelidos inficiet tibi
rubro sanguine rivos
lascivi suboles gregis.

te flagrantis atrox bora Caniculac
nescit tangere, tu frigus amabile
fessis voniere tauris
praebes et pecori vago.

lies nobilium tu quoque fontiurn,
me dicente cavis iinpositarn iliccin
saxis, unde loqiiaces
lymphae desiliunt tuae.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XIII

To the Fountain Bandusta

O Fount Bandusia^ brighter than crystal, worthy of
sweet wine and flowers, to-morrow shalt thou be
honoured with firstling of the flock wliose brow,
with horns just budding, foretokens love and strife.
Alas ! in vain ; for tliis offspring of the sportive flock
shall dye thy waterg wirJi its own red blood.
Thee the fierce season of tli^ blazing dog-star cannot
touch ; to bullocks wearied of the ploughshare and
to the roaming flock thou dost offer gracious coolness.
Thou, too, shalt be numbered among the far-famed
fountains, through the song I sing of the oak planted
o’er the grotto whence thy babbling waters leap.

CAIIMINVM LIBER 111

XIV

HKncvLis ritu moclo dictus^, o pleBs,
morte venalcni pctiisse laiirum
Ciiesar Hispana repetit pcnatcs
victor ab ora.

unico gaudens mulier marito
prodeat iustis 0 {)erata divis
et soror clari ducis et decorae
supjilice vitta

virginum matres iuvenumque niipcr
sospitum. VOS, o pueri et puellae 10

non virum expertae,i nialeoniinatis *•*

[)arcite verbis.

hie dies vere mihi festus atras
eximet curas ; ego nec tuniiiltum
nec inori })er vim metuam teneiite
Caesar e terras.

pete unguentum, puer, et coronas
et cadiim Marsi meniorem duelli,

Spartacum sicpia potuit vagantem

fallere testa, 20

^ lain expertan, MSS. non Bentley; iam virum experteii,

Cuv ^Myham.

*'* male nominatis 7^st M88*

226

ODES BOOK III

ODE XIV

The lleltirn of Augustus

Caesar, O citizens, wlio but now was said, like
Hercules, to be in quest of the laurel purchased at
the price of death, rejoins again his household gods,
victoriously returning from the Spanish shore. Re-
joicing in her peerless husband, let his consort, after
offering sacrifice to the righteous gods, now advance,
and the sister of our famous chief, and, with suppliant
fillet decked, mothers of maids and sons just saved.

Do ye, O lads and maidens not yet wedded, refrain
from ill-omened words ! Tliis day for me shall be
truly festal and shall take away black cares. Neither
civil strife nor death by violence will I fear, while
Caesar holds the earth.

Go seek perfumes, lad, and garlands, and a jar that
remembers the Marsian War, if a single one in any way
hath been able to escape the roving Spartacus ! Also

CAR MIN VM LIBER III
die et argutae properet Neacrae
murreum nodo cohibere crinein ;
si per invisum mora ianitorem
fiet, abito.

lenit albescens animos capillus
litium et rixac ciipidos protervae ;
non ego hoc ferrem caliclus luventa
coiisule Piaiico.

nil

ODES BOOK in. xiv

bid clear-voiced Neaera to make haste and fasten in a
knot her chestnut locks! If delay be caused by the
hateful door-keeper, cotne away ! My whitening hair
softens a spirit prone to strife and w^anton brawling;
I had not brooked such insult wlien liot with youth
in Plaiicus’ ronsnl8hix>

CARMINVM LIBER III

XV

Vjcor pauperis Ibyci,

tandem nequitiae fige modiim tuae
famosisque laboribus ;

maturo propior desine funeri

inter ludere virgines

et stellis nebulam spargere candidis.
non, si quid Pholoen, satis

et te, Ciilori, decet : filia rectius

expugTiat iiivenura domos,

pulso Thyias uti concita tympano.
illarn cogit amor Notin'

lascivae similem ludere capreae ;

te lanae prope nobilem

tonsae Luceriam, non citliarae decent
ncc flos purpureus rosae

nec poti vetulain faece tenus cadi.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XV
Old and Young

O WIFE of humble Ibycus, put an end at length to th}^
wantonness and thy disreputable arts ! Since thou
art nearing the fitting time for death, cease to s})ort
among the maidens and to cast a cloud over the
shining stars I What becomes Pholoe does not quite
become thee also, Chloris. ’Tis fitter for thy daughter
to storm the homes of gallants, like some Bacchanal
roused by the beating drum. She, for love of Nolhus,
is forced to gambol like a sportive doe. The wool
ihorn near famed Luceria is meet lor thee, not the
lyre nor the dark red blossom of the rose, nor
wine-jars drained to tlieir dregs, old beldame that

CARMINVM LIBER III

XVI

Inclvsam Danaen turris a?nea
rohiistaeque fores et oanuin

tiistes excubiae rnunierant satis
iiocturiiis ab aclulteris,

si non Acrisium virginis abditae
custodem pavidum luppiter et Venus
risissent : fore enim tutiim iter et patens
converse in pretium deo.

aurum per medios ire satellites
et nerruninere ainat saxa. notentius 10

ictu tulmiiieo : concidiu auguris
Argivi (ioinus, ob mcruin

demersa exitio; diffidit urbium
portas vir Ma(‘edo et submit aeinulos
reges muneribus; munera riavium
saevos inlacpieant duces.

crescentern sequitur cura pecuniam
inaiorurnque fames, iiire perhorrui
late consj)icuuin tollere verticem,

Maecenas, equitum decus. 20

ODES BOOK III

ODE XVI

Contentment

Tower of bronze, doors of oak, and the strict guard of
watch-dogs had quite protected imprisoned Danae
from nocturnal lovers, had not Jupiter and Venus
laughed at Acrisius, anxious keeper of the hidden
maiden. For they knew that the way would be safe
and open, when the god had turned to gold. Gold
loves to make its way through the midst of sentinels
and to break tlirough rocks, for 'tis mightier than the
thunderbolt. 'Twas for the sake of gain that the
house of the Argive prophet plunged to destruction
and fell in ruins. 'Twas by gifts of gold that the
Macedonian burst open gates of cities and overthrew
rival kings ; gifts ensnare bluff admirals, too. Yet as
money grows, care and greed for greater riches follow
after. With reason did I shrink from raising my head
to be seen afar, Maecenas, thou glory of the equestrian

CARMINVM LIBER III
quanto quisque sibi plura negaverit,
ab dis plura feret : nil cupientiiim
nudus castra peto et transfuga divitum
partes linquere gestio,

contemptae dominus splendidior rei,
quam si, quidquid arat inipiger Apulus,
occiiltare meis dicerer horreis,
magnas inter opes inoj)s.

purae rivus aquae silvaque iugeriim
j)aucorum et segetis certa fides meae 30
fulgentem imperio fertilis AfVicae
iallit sorte beatior.

quamquam nec Calabrae inella ferunt apes,
nec Laestrygonia Bacchus in amphora
laiiguescit mihi, nec pinguia Gallicis
crescunt vellcra pascuis :

iuiportuna tamen pauperies abest,
nec si plura velim tu dare deneges.
contracto melius parva cupidine

vectigalia porrigam, 40

quam si Mygdoniis regnurn Alyattei
campis continuem. multa petentibus
desunt multa ; bene est, cui deus obtulit
parca quod satis est manu.

SS4

ODES BOOK III. xvi

rank. I'he more a man denies himself, so much the
more will he receive from the gods. Destitute myself,
I seek the camp of those desiring naught, and, a
renegade, am eager to leave the side of the rich, a
more glorious master of the wealtli I spurn than were
I said to hide w'itliiii my barns the produce of all the
acres that the sturdy Apulian ploughs, a beggar
in the midst of mighty wealth. My stream of
pure water, my woodland of few acres, and sure trust
in my crop of corn bring me more blessing than the
lot of the dazzling lord of fertile Africa, though he
know' it not. Though neither Calabrian bees bring
me honey, nor wine lies mellowing for me in Laestry-
gonian jar, nor thick fleeces are waxing for me in
Gallic jaistures, yet distressing poverty is absent ; nor,
did 1 w ish more, wouldst thou refuse to grant it. By
narrow ing my desires 1 shall better enlarge my scanty
revenues than were I to make the realm of Alyattes
continuous with the Mygdonian plains. To those
who seek for much, much is ever lacking ; blest is lie
to whom the god with chary hand has given just
enough.

CARMINVM LIBER 111

XVII

Aeli vetusto nobilis ab Lanio,
quando et priores bine Lamias feriint
aeiiominatos et nepotum

per memores genus ornne faslos ;

auctore ab illo clucis originein,
qui Formiarum moenia dicitur
princeps et innantem Maricae
litoribus tenuisse Lirim,

late tyrannus. eras foliis nemus
multis et alga litus inutili
deniissa tempestas ab Euro
sternet, aquae nisi fall it augur

annosa cornix. dum potes, aridum
coinpone lignum ; eras Genium mero
curabis et porco bimenstri
cum fatiiulis operum solutis.

ODES BOOK 111

ODE XVII

Prepare for a Rainy Morrow f
O Aelius, famed scion of ancient Lam us (since from
him^ they say^ were named the Lamiae of old, and the
whole line of their descendants through all recorded
history), you draw your blood from him as founder
who first is said to have held the walls of Formiae
and the Liris where it floods Marica^s shores, possessing
lordship far and wide. To-morrow a tempest, from
the Eiist let loose, shall strew with many leaves the
grove, and the shore with useless seaweed, unless
the ancient raven, prophet of rain, this time prove
false. Pile up dry fagots, while you may ! To>
morrow, attended by your household slaves from
tasks released, cheer your soul with unmixed wine
and a pig but two months old 1

CARMINVM LIBER III

XVIII

Fatne, N3mipharum fugientura aniator,
per meos fines et aprica rura
lenis incedas abeasque parvis
aequui alunnnis,

si tener pleno cadit haedus anno,
larga nec desunt Veneris sodali
vina craterae, vetus ara multo
fumat odore.

ludit herboso pecus omne campo,
cum tibi nonae redeunt Decembres ;
festus in pratis vacat otioso
cum bove pagus ;

inter audaces lupus errat agnos ;
spargit agrestis tibi silva frondes ;
gaudet invisam pepulisse fossor
ter pede terram.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XVIII
Thy Blessing, Fauiiiis !

O Faunus, lover of the flying nymphs, with kindly
purpose mayst thou pass across my boundaries and
my sunny fields, and in thy going be propitious to the
young offspring of the flocks, if at the year’s full tide
a tender kid falls sacrifice to thee and generous meed
of wine fails not the mixing bowl, comrade of Venus,
and the ancient altar smokes with store of incense.
All the flock gambols o’er the grassy field whene’er
December’s Nones come round for thee ; in festal
garb the country folk make holiday amid the meads,
along with resting steers ; the wolf saunters among
lambs that know no fear ; in thy honour the forest
sheds its woodland foliage ; and the delver delights
in triple measure with his foot to beat the hated
ground.

CARMINVM LIBER III

XIX

Qvantvm distet ab Inacho

Codrus pro patria non timidus inori
narras et genus Aeaci

et pugnata sacro bella sub Ilio ;

quo Chium pretio cadum

inercemur, quis aquain temperet ignibus,
quo praebente donuim et quota
Paelignis careain frigoribus, tacei

da lunae propere novae,

da noctis mediae, da, puer, auguris 10

Murenae : tribus aut novein

niiscentur cyathis pocula commodis.

qui Musas amat im pares,

ternos ter cyatlios attonitus petet
vates ; tres prohibet supra

rixarum metuens tangere Gratia

nudis iuncta sororibus.

insanire iuvat ; cur Berecyntiae
cessant flamina tibiae ?

cur pendet tacita fistula cum lyra ? 20

2«U

ODES BOOK III

ODE XIX

Invitation to a Drinking-Bout
You tell how f;ir removed in time from Inachus was
Codrus, who feared not death for fatherland, and you
detail the line of Aeacus and the wars waged beneath
the walls of sacred Ilium ; but you say not what
price we shall pay for a jar of Chian wine, who
with his fire shall lieat the water, under whose roof
and at what hour 1 am to escape the Paelignian
cold,

A health without delay, my lad, to the new moon,
to midnight, to Murena’s augurship! With three
cyathi, or witli nine, as may be fitting, the draught
is mixed ! The rapt bard that loves the Muses of
unequal number shall ask for cyathi three times
three. The Grace hand in hand with her sisters
nude, shrinking from brawls, forbids us to touch more
than three. To revel madly is my delight. Why
pause the measures of the Berecyntian flute ? Why
idly hangs the pipe beside the silent lyre ?

CARMINVM LIBEU III
parcentes ego dexteras

odi : sparge rosas; audiat invidiis
dementem strepitum Lycus

et vicina seni non habilis Lyco.

spissa te nitidum coma,

puro te similem, Telephe, vespero
tempestiva petit Rhode ;

me ientus Glycerae torret amor meae.

ODES BOOK III. xix

Hands that hold back, I hate. Fling round the
roses ! Let jealous Lycus hear our mad uproar,
and the maid that dwells hard by, for aged Lycus
not well-suited ! Thee, glistening with thy cluster-
ing locks, O Telephus, like to the clear evening
star, ripe Rhode seeks ; myself a lingering love for
my own Glycera burns.

143

CARMINVM LIBER III

XX

Non vides, quanto moveas periclo,
Pyrrhe, Gaetulae catulos leaenae ?
dura post paulo fugies inaudax
proelia raptor,

cum per obstantes iuvenum catervas
ibit insignem repetens Nearchum :
grande certamen, tibi praeda cedat,
maior an illi.

interim, dum tu celeres sagittas
promis, haec denies acuit timenaos,
arbiter pugnae posuisse nudo
sub pede palmam

fertur et leni rccreare vento
sparsum odoratis umcnim capillis,
qualis aut Nireus fuit aut aquosa
raptus ab Ida.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XX

The Rivals

Seest tliou not, Pyrrhus, at liow great risk thou
touchest the vvheljxs of the Gaetuliaii lioness? Soon
thou shalt shun fierce combats, a robber without
spirit, when tlirough the opposing crowd of youths
she goes in (juest of peerless Nearchus. Then great
will he the struggle whether the prize is to fall
to thee or rather to her. Meantime, as thou
drawest thy swift arrows, and she is sharpening
her dreadful teeth, the arbiter of the battle is
said to have trampled the palm beneath his bare foot,
and in the gentle breeze to be cooling his shoulders
covered with perfumed locks, like unto Nireus or
him that was carried off from many-fountained Ida.

f45

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXI

O NATA mecum consule Manlio,
seu tu querellas sive geris iocos
seu rixam et insanos am ores
sen facilem, pia testa, somnum,

quocunique lectum nomine Massicum
servas, moveri digna bono die,
descende Corvino iubente
promere languidiora vina.

non ille, quamquam Socraticis madet
sermonibus, te negleget horridus ;
iwratur et prisci Catonis
saepe mero caluisse virtus.

tu lene tormentum ingeiiio admoves
plerumque duro ; tu sapieutium
curas et arcanum iocoso
consilium retegis Lyaeo ;

tu spem reducis mentibus anxiis
viresque et addis cornua pauperi,
post te neque iratos trementi

regum apices neque militum arma.

te Liber et si laeta aderit Venus
segnesque nodum solvere Gratiae
vivaeque produccnt lucernae,
dum rediens fugat astra Phoebus.

10

20

«46

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXI
In Praise of Wine

Thou faithful jar^ born with me in Manlius’ consul-
ships whether thou bringest lovers’ plaints, or mirth,
or mad love and quarrels, or soft slumber — for what-
ever end was gathered the Massic that thou guardest,
fit to be brought out on some auspicious day — de*
scend, since Corvimis gives the order to fetch forth a
mellower wine! Steeped though he be in Socratic
lore^ he will not churlishly despise thee. Virtuous
oid Cato, even, is said often to have wanned with
wine.

Pleasant compulsion dost thou apply to wits whose
wont is dullness ; thou unlockest the thouglits of the
wise and their secret pur])ose by merry Bacchus’
spell ; thou restorest hope to hearts distressed, and
addest power and courage to the poor man, who after
thee trembles not at the crowns of angry kings or
soldiers’ weapons. Thee Liber and Venus, if she
lend her gracious presence, and the Graces, loth to
break their bond, and the burning lamps shall attend,
till returning Phoebus puts to flight the stars.

247

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXII

Montivm custos nemorumque, Virgo,
quae laborantes utero puellas
ter vocata audis adimisque leto,
diva triformis,

imminens villae tua pinus esto,
quam per exactos ego laetus an nos
verris obliquum meditantis ictum
sanguine doncm.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXII

Dedication of a Pine Tree to Diana
O MAIDEN goddess, guardian of hill and grove, thou
that, thrice invoked, givcst ear to young mothers
when in travail and rescuest them from death, goddess
of the triple form, thine be the pine that overhangs my
dwelling, that gladly through the passing years I may
offer to it the blood of a boar practising its first side-
long thrusts '

249

CARMINVM LIBER 111

XXIII

Caelo supinas si tuleris manus
iiascente luna, rustica Phidyle,
si ture placaris et horna

fruge Lares avidacpie porca;

nec pestilentem sentict Africum
fecunda vitis nec sterilem seges
robiginem aut dulces alumni
pomifero grave tempus anno.

nam quae nivali pascitur Algido
devota quercus inter et ilices 10

aut crescit Albanis in herbis
victima, pontificum securis

cervice tinguet : te nihil attinet
temptare multa caede bidentium
parvos coronantem marino
rore deos fragilique myrto.

immunis aram si tetigit manus,
non sumptuosa blandior hostia,
mollivit aversos Penates

farre pio et saliente mica. 20

250

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXIII

The Gods Love the Giver l aiher than the Gijl
If tliou raise thy upturned palms to heaven each time
the moon is born anew, O Phidyle, my country lass, if
with incense, with grain of this year’s harvest, and
with a greedy swine thou appease the Lares, then thy
teeming vine shall not feel the south wind’s ravages,
nor thy crop the barren blight, nor the young off-
spring of the flock the sickly season when autumn
yields its fruits. For the destined victim that is grazing
on snowy Algidus amid the oaks and ilexes, or is
waxing fat on the Alban grass, shall dye the axes of the
priests with its neck’s blood. For thee there is no
need to importune the gods with much sacrifice of
sheep, if thou but crown their tiny images with rose-
mary and crisp myrtle. If pure hands have touched
the altar, though commended by no costly victim,
they appease estranged Penates even by sacred
meal mingled with crackling salt.

CARMINVM LIBER 111

XXIV

Intactis opulentior

thesauris Arabum et divitis Indiae
caementis licet occupes

terrenum^ omne tuis et mare publicum

si figit adamantiiios

surnmis verticibus dira Necessitas
clavos, non animum metu^

non mortis laqueis expedies caput.

campestres melius Scjthae,

quorum plaustra vagas rite trahunt domes, 10
vivunt et rigidi Getae,

immetata quibus iugera liberas

fruges et Cererem ferunt,

nec cultura placet longior annua,
defunctumque laboribus

aequali recreat sorte vicarius.

illic matre carentibus

privignis mulier teraperat innocens,
nec dotata regit virum

coniunx nec nitido fidit adultero. 20

^ MSS. Tirrenum or Tyrrenum, Lachmann reads terrenura,
following Porphyrion' 8 comment “non terrain tantum . . .

occupantuni-'^

* So most MSS. : less good ones Ponticum or Apulicum :
the acceptance gf Lachmaim*s conjecture involves reading
publioum.

252

ODES BOOK III

ODE XX JV
The Curse of Mam tnon

Though thou he richer than the unrifled treasuries of
the Arabs or rich India, and with tliy })alaces encroach
on all the land and the public sea, if dire Necessity
plant her nails of adamant in thy topmost roof, thou
shalt not free thy soul from fear nor thy head
from the snare of Death. Far better live the
Scythians of the steppes, whose wagons haul their
homes from place to place, as is their wont; far better
live the Getae stern, whose unallotted acres bring
forth fruits and corn for all in common ; nor with them
is tillage binding longer than a year ; another then on
like conditions takes the place of him whose task is
done.

There, matrons spare children of their mother reft,
nor do them harm, nor does the dowered wife rule
o’er her husband or put faith in dazzling paramour.

253

CARMINVM LIBER HI
dos est magiia parentium

virtus et metuens alterius viri
certo foedere castitas,

et peccare nefas aut pretium est mori.

o quisqiiis volet iinpias

caedes et rabiem tollere civicam,
si quaeret Pater urbium "

subscribi statuis, indomitarn audeat

refrenare licentiam,

clarus postgenitis : quatenus, heu nefas, 30
virtutem incolumem odimus,

sublatam ex oculis quaerimus, invidi.

quid tristes querimoniae,

si non supplicio culpa reciditur ?
quid leges sine moribus

vanae proficiunt ? si neque fervidis

pars inclusa caloribus

mundi nec Boreae finitimum latus
durataeque solo nives

mercatorem abigunt, horrida callidi 40

vincunt aequora navitae,

magnum pauperies opprobrium iubet
quidvis et facere et pati,

virtutisque viam deserit arduae.

254

ODES BOOK 111. xxiv

Their noble dower is parents* worth and chastity
that shrinks in steadfast loyalty from the husband of
another. To sin is an abomination ; or if they sin,
the penalty is death.

Whoe’er will banish impious slaughter and intes-
tine fury, whoe’er shall seek to have inscribed upon
his statues, Father of Cities,” let such have courage
to curb our lawless licence, and so win fame among
the men of after times ; since we (alas, the shame !),
with envy filled, hate Virtue while it lives and
mourn it only when snatched from sight.

Of what avail are dismal lamentations, if wrong is
not re[)ressed by penalties } Of what avail are empty
laws, if we lack principle ; if neither the regions of
the world enclosed by burning heats nor the regions
near the North with snow hard-frozen on the ground
keep off the trader; if our skilful seamen outride
the stormy waves ; and poverty, deemed a base re-
proach, bids us do all, suffer all, and quits the steep
path of Virtue ?

255

CARMINVM LIBER III

vel nos in Capitolium,

quo clamor vocat et turba faventiiini,
vel nos in mare proximum

geramas et lapides aurum et inutile,

sunnni materiem mali,

miitamus, scelerum si bene paenitet. 50

eradenda cupidinis

pravi sunt elementa et tenerae nimis

mentes asperioribus

formandae studiis. nescit equo rudis
haerere ingenuus puer

venarique timet, ludere doctior,

seu Graeco iubeas trocho,
seu malis vetita legibus alea,
cum periura patris fides

consortem socium fallat et hospites 60

indignoque pecuniam

heredi properet. scilicet improbae
crescunt divitiae ; tamen

curtae nescio quid semper abest rei.

S56

ODES BOOK III. xxiv

To the Capitol, amid the plaudits of the noisy
crowd, or to the nearest sea let us send our gems
and jewels and our baneful gold, the cause of our
chiefest woe, if we repent us truly of our crimes.
Destroy the causes of our perverted greed, and let our
too feeble hearts be trained in sterner tasks ! The
freeborn lad, un})ractised, knows not how to ride his
steed ; he fears to hunt, more skilled in games,
whether you bid him try with Grecian hoop or
rather with the dice the law forbids ; while his per-
jured father defrauds his partner and his friends, and
hastens to lay up store of money for his unworthy
heir. His gains, ill-gotten, grow apace, 'tis true, yet
something is ever lacking to tne fortune incomplete.

957

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXV

Qvo me, Bacche, rapis tui

plenum ? quae nemora aut quos agor in spccus,
velox mentc nova ? quibus
antris egregii Caesaris audiar

aeternum meditans decus

stellis inserere et consilio lovis ?
dicam insigne, recens, adhiic

indictum ore alio, non secus in iiigis

exsOmnis stupet Euhias,

Hebrum prospiciens et nive candidam 10

Thracen ac pede barbaro

lustratam Rhodopen, ut mihi devio

ripas et vacuum nemus

mirari libet. o Naiad um potens
Baccharumque valentium

proceras manibus vertere fraxinos,

nil parvuni aut humili modo,

nil mortale loquar. dulce periculum est,
o Lenaee, sequi deum

cingentem viridi terapora pampino. 20

9^18

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXV
A Dithyramb

Whither, O Bacchus, dost thou hurry me, overflow-
ing with thy power ? Into what groves or grottoes
am I swiftly driven in fresh ins{)iration ? In what
caves shall I be heard planning to set amid the stars,
and in Jove’s council, peerless Caesar’s immortal glory ?
1 will sing of a noble exploit, recent, as yet untold
by other lips. Just so upon the mountain-tops does
the sleepless Bacchanal stand rapt, looking out o’er
Hebrus and o’er Thrace glistening with snow, and
Rhodope trodden by barbarian feet — even as I love
to stray and to gaze with awe upon the unfre-
quented banks and groves.

O thou master of the Naiads and of the Bacchanals
that have might to uproot lofty ash-trees with their
hands, nothing trifling or of humble strain, nothing
mortal will I utter. Sweet is the peril, O lord
of the wine-press, to follow the god, crowning my
temples with verdant vine-sprays.

259

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXVI

Vixi Piiellis niiper idoncns
ct miliUvi non sine gloria ;

nunc arma defunctumque hello
barbiton hie paries habebit,

laevum marinae qui Veneris latus
custodit. hie, hie ponite lucida
funalia et vectes securcscpie ^
opposilis foribus minaces.

o quae beatam diva tenes C3q)iMJu\ et
Memphin carentem Sithonia nive,
regina, sublimi flagello

tange Chloen semel arrogantem.

* flecuresqu« Bentley : et arcus MSS.

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXVI

Loves Triumphs are Elided

Till recently I lived fit for Love’s battles and served
not without renown. Now this wall that guards the
left side of sea-born Venus shall have my weapons
and the lyre that has done with wars. Here, O here,
offer up the shining tapers and the levers and the
axes that threaten opposing doors !

O goddess queen that boldest wealthy Cyprus and
Memphis, free from Thracian snows, touch with
thine uplifted lasn» u only once, the haughty
Chloe!

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXVII

Impios parrae recinentis omen
ducat et praegnanscanis aut ab agro
rava decurrens lupa Lanuvino
fetaque volpes;

riimpat et serpens iter institutunq
si per obliquum similis sagittae
terruit mannos : ego cui timebo,
providus auspex,

antequani staiites repetat paludes
imbriuni divina avis immirientum,
oscinem corvum prece suscitabo
solis ab ortu.

sis licet felix, ubicumque mavis,
et memor nostri, Galatea* vivas ;
teque nec laevus vetet ire picus
nec vaga cornix.

sed vides, quanto trepidet tumultu
pronus Orion, ego quid sit ater
Hadriae novi sinus et quid albus
peccet lapyx.

10

£62

£0

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXVII
Bon voyage !

May the wicked be guided by the omen of a scream-
ing lapwing and a pregnant dog or a red she-wolf
racing down from the Lanuvian fields^ or a fox that
has just brought forth ! May a serpent break
the journey they have begun, when, darting like
an arrow athwart the road, it has terrified the
ponies ! But for whom I, as a prophetic augur,
cherish fear, for him will I rouse the singing raven
from the east with my entreaties, before the bird
that forebodes threatening showers re-seeks the
standing pools.

Mayst thou be happy, Galatea, wherever thou
preferrest to abide, and mayst thou live with
memories of me ; nor may any woodpecker on the
left or any roving crow forbid thy going ! But
thou seest with how great tumult sinking Orion
rages. Full well I know what Hadria's black gulf
can be and what the sins of clear lapyx. May the

863

CARMINVM LIBER III
hostium uxores puerique caecos
sentiant motiis orientis Austri et
aequoris nigri fremitum et trementes
verbere ripas.

sic et Europe niveum doloso
credidit tauro latus et scateiilein
beluis pontum mediasque IVaudes
palluit audax.

nil per in pratis studiosa florurn et
dcbitae Nymphis opifex coronae SO

iiocte sublustri nihil astra praeter
vidit et undas.

quae simul centum tetigit potenteru
oppidis Cretan, pater, o relictum
filiae nomen pietasque*' dixit
victa furore.

unde quo veni ? levis una mors est
virginum culpae. vigilansne ploro
turpe commissum an vitiis carentem

ludit imago, 40

vana quae porta fugiens eburna
somnium ducit meliusne fluctus
ire per longos fuit an recentes
carpere flores ?

ODES BOOK III. xxvii

wives and children of our foes be the ones to feel
the blind onset of rising Auster and the roaring of
the darkling sea, and the shores quivering with the
shock !

So did Europa, too, entrust her snowy form to the
treacherous bull and turn pale before the deep alive
with monsters, and at the peril of mid-sea — she who
before had been so bold. Erstwhile among the
meadows, absorbed in Bowers, and w'eaving a garland
due the Nymphs, now she beheld naught in the
glimmering night except the stars and waves.
Soon as she touched Crete, mighty with its hundred
cities, O father," she exclaimed, O name of
daughter, that I forsook, and filial duty, by frenzy
overmastered ! Whence have 1 come and whither }
A single death is too light for maidens’ faults. Am
I awake and do I lament a hideous deed, or am I free
from sin and docs some phantom mock me, that
flying idly through the ivory gate, brings but a
dream } Was it better to travel o*cr the long waves,
or to pluck fresh flowers ? If anyone would now but

265

CARMINVM LIBER III
si quis iiifaiiiera mihi nunc iuvencum
dedat iratae, lacerare ferro et
frangere enitar modo niultum aiuati
cornua monstri.

impudens liqui patrios Penates,
impudens Orcum moror. o deorum 50

si quis haec audis, utinam inter errem
nuda leones I

antequam turpis macies decentes
occupet malas teneraeque sucus
defluat praedae, speciosa quaero
pascere tigris.

^ vilis Europe,* pater urget absens :

* quid mori cessas ? potes hac ab orno
pendulum zona bene te secuta

laedere collum. 60

sive te rupes et acuta leto
saxa delectaiit, age te procellae
crede veloci, nisi erile mavis
carpere pensum

regius sanguis dominaeque tradi
barbarae paelex.' *’ aderat querenti
perfidum ridens Venus et remisso
filius arcu.

t66

ODES BOOK 111. xxvii

deliver the infamous bullock to my anger, I would
strive to rend it with the steel and break the horns
of the monstrous creature just now so fondly loved.
Shameless, I left my household gods ; shameless, I
keep Orcus waiting. Oh, if any god hear these
laments, let me wander naked among lions ! Before
hideous wasting seizes upon my comely cheeks and the
fresh life-blood departs from the tender victim, while
beauteous still, 1 seek to feed the tigers. ^Worth-
less Europa,’ my father, though far distant, urges,
‘ why dost thou hesitate to die ? On this ash thou
canst hang thyself with the girdle that happily has
followed thee. Or if the cliffs and rocks sharp for
death allure thee, come ! give thy body to the
hurrying gale, if thou wilt not rather card a mistress*
wool, thou of royal blood, and be given o’er, a con-
cubine, to the mercies of some barbarian queen ! * **

As she thus complained, Venus with treacherous
laugh stood by, and her son with unstrung bow. Soon

«67

CARMINVM LIBER III

mox ubi lusit satis^ '^abstineto
dixit irarum calidaequc rixae,
cum tibi in visas laceranda reddet
cornua taurus.

uxor invicti lovis esse ncscis.
mitte singultus, bene ferre magnam
disce fortunam ; tua sectus orois
nomina ducet.'*’

70

26i

ODES BOOK III. xxvii

when the goddess had had sport enough, Refrain
from anger and hot passion/' she exclaimed, “ wlien
the hated bull shall give thee his horns to be mangled !
Thou knowest not that thou art the wife of Jove
invincible. Cease thy sobs ! Learn to bear becom-
ingly thy great desnnv I A region of the earth sliall
take thy name.**

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXVIII

Festo quid potius die

Neptuni faciam ? prome reconditum,
Lyde^ strenua Caecubum

munitaeque adhibe vim sapientiae.

inclinare meridiem

sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies,
parcis deripere horreo

cessantem Bibuli consulis amphoram,

nos cantabimus invicem

Neptunum et virides Nereidum comas ;
tu curva recines lyra

Latonam et celeris spicula Cynthiae ;

sumnio carmine, quae Cnidon

fulgentesque tenet Cycladas et Paphura
iunctis visit oloribus ;

dicetur merita Nox quoque nenia.

10

270

ODES BOOK III

ODE xxvin

In Neptune 5 Honour

What better could I do on Neptune’s festal day ?
Nimbly bring forth, O Lyde, the Caecuban stored
away, and make assault on wisdom’s stronghold !
Thou seest the day is waning, and yet, as though the
fleeting hours were standing still, thou delayest to
bring from out the store-room a waiting jar that dates
from Bibulus’ consulship.

In responsive song we will sing, I of Neptune and
the Nereids’ sea-green tresses. Thou, in answer, on
thy curving lyre shalt hymn Latona and the shafts of
swift-moving Cynthia ; and in final song her who holds
Cnidos and the shining Cyclades, and visits Paphos
with her team of swans. Night also shall be cele-
brated with a fitting lay.

271

CARMINVM LIBER III

XXIX

Tyhruena regum progenies^ tibi
non ante verso lene merum cado
cum flore^ Maecenas, rosaruin et
pressa tuis balanus capillis

iam dudum apud me est : eripe te morae,
ne semper udum Tibur et Aefulae
declive contemjderis arviim et
Telegoni iuga parricidae.

fastidiosam desere copiam et

molem propinquarn niibibus arduis, 10

omitte mirari beatae

fumum et opes strepitumque Roinae.

plerumque gratae divitibus vices
mundaeque parvo sub lare pauperum
cenae sine aulaeis et ostro
sollicitam explicuere frontem.

iam clarus occultura Andromedae pater
ostendit ignem, iam Procyon fur it
et Stella vesani Leonis
sole dies refereiite siccos ;

272

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXIX

A Clear Conscience Makes Us Superior to Fortune

Maecenas, scion of Tuscan kings, ajar of mellow wine
as yet untouched has long been waiting for thee at
my house, along with roses and balsam for thy locks
expressed. Delay no more 1 Gaze not ever at well-
watered Tibur and the sloping fields of Aefula and
the heights of Telegonus, the parricide! Abandon
cloying luxury and tlie pile that towers to the lofty
clouds! Cease to wonder at the smoke, the riches,
and the din of wealthy Rome ! Often a change is
pleasant to the rich, and a simple meal beneath the
poor man's humble roof, without tapestries and purple,
has smoothed the wrinkles on the care-worn brow.

Already Andromeda's shining father reveals his
hidden fires; already Procyon rages and the star of
furious Leo, as the sun brings back the days of
drought. Now with his listless flock the weary

CARMINVM LIBER III
iam pastor umbras cum grege lariguido
rivuinque fessus quaerit et horridi
dumeta Silvani^ caretque
ripa vagis tacituma ventis.

tu ci vita tern quis deceat status
curas et urbi sollicitus times,
quid Seres et regnata Gyro

Bactra parent Tanaisque discors.

prudens futuri temporis exitum
caliginosa nocte premit deus,
ridetque si mortalis ultra

fas trepidat. quod adest memento

componere aequuB ; cetera fluminis
ritii feruntur, nunc medio alveo
cum pace delabentis Etruscum
in mare, nunc lapides adesos

stirpesque raptas et pecus et domos
volventis una non sine montium
clamore vicinaeque silvae,
cum fera diluvies quietos

inritat amnes. ille potens sui
laetusque deget, cui licet in diem
dixisse vixi : eras vel atra
nube polum pater occupato

ODES BOOK 111. xxix

shepherd seeks the shade and stream and shaggy
Silvanus’ thickets, and the silent bank is forsaken by
the straying breeze.

Thy thoughts are set on what conditions fit the
State ; anxious art thou for the City, fearing what
the Seres may be plotting, or Bactra once ruled by
Cyrus, and the discordant tribes on Tanais’ banks.
With wise purpose does the god bury in the shades of
night the future’s outcome, and laughs if mortals be
anxious beyond due limits. Remember to settle
with tranquil heart the problem of the hour ! All
else is borne along like some river, now gliding
peacefully in mid-channel into the Tuscan Sea, now
rolling i)olished stones, uprooted trees, and flocks
and homes together, with echoing of the hills and
neighbouring woods, while the wild deluge stirs up
the peaceful streams.

Master of himself and joyful wdll that man live
who day by day can say ; ** I have lived to-day ;
to-morrow let the Father fill the heaven with murky

^75

CARMIKVM LIBER III
vel sole puro ; non tamen irritum,
quodcuinque retro est, efiiciet, nequr
diffinget infect umque redclet^
quod fugiens seinel hora vexit

Fortuna saevo laeta negolio et
ludum insoleiitem ludere pertinax 50

transmutat incertos honores,
nunc mihi, nunc alii benigiia.

laudo manentem ; si celcres quatit
pinnas, resigno quae dedit et mea
virtute me involve probamque
Pauperiem sine dote quaero.

non est meum, si mugiat Africis
malus procellis, ad miseras preces
decurrere et votis pacisci,

ne Cypriae Tyriaeque merces 50

addant avaro divitias mari :
turn me biremis praesidio scaphae
tutum per Aegaeos tumultus
aura feret geminusque Pollux.'*

276

ODES BOOK III. xxix

clouds, or radiant sunshine ! Yet will he not render
vain whatever now is past, nor will he alter and undo
what once the fleeting hour has brought. Fortune,
exulting in her cruel work, and stubborn to pursue her
wanton sport, shifts her fickle favours, kind now to me,
now to some other. I praise her while she stays ; but
if she shake her wings for flight, I renounce her gifts,
enwrap me in my virtue, and woo honest Poverty,
undow'ered though she be. Not mine, when masts
are groaning with the Afric gales, to have recourse to
wretched prayers and with vow's to strike a compact
with the gods that my Cyprian and my Tyrian wares
shall not add new riches to the devouring sea.
Then the breezes and Pollux with his brother shall
bear me through the tempests of the Aegean main,
safely protectei* in my two-oared skiflT/*

«77

CARMINVM LIBER II J

XXX

Exegi monumentum acre perennius
regalique situ pyraniidum altius,
quod non imber edax, non Aquilo impotens
possit diruere aut innumerabilis
annorum series et fuga temporum.
non omnis moriar multaque pars mei
vitabit Libitinam : usque ego postera
crescam laude recens. dum Capitolium
seandet cum tacita virgine pontifex,
dicar, qua violens obstrepit Aufidus 1 0

et qua pauper aquae Daunus agrestium
regnavit populorum, ex humili potens
princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos
dcduxisse modos. sume superbiam
quaesitam mentis et mihi Delphica
lauro cinge volens, Melpomene, comam.

278

ODES BOOK III

ODE XXX

The Poet*s Immortal Fame

I HAVE finished a monument more lasting than
bronze and loftier than the Pyramids’ royal pile, one
that no wasting rain, no furious north wind can
destroy, or the countless chain of years and the ages’
flight. I shall not altogether die, but a mighty part
of me shajl escape the death-goddess. On and on
shall I grow, ever fresh with the glory of after time.
So long as the Pontiff climbs the Capitol with the
silent Vestal, I, risen high from low estate, where
wild Aufidus thunders and where Daunus in a
parched land once ruled o’er a peasant folk, shall
be famed for having been the first to adapt Aeolian
song to Italian verse. Accept the proud honour won
by thy merits, Melpomene, and graciously crown
my locks with Delphic bays.

*79

BOOK IV

LI BE 11 IV

1

Intermissa, Venus, diu

rursus bella moves, parce, precor, precor.
non sum qualis eram bonae

sub regno Cinarae. desine, dulciuni

mater saeva Cupidinuin,

circa lustra decern flectere mollibus
iain durum imperils : abi,

quo blandae iuvenum te revocant preces.

tempestivius in domum

Pauli, purpureis ales oloribus,
comissabere Maxiini,

si torrere iecur quaeris idoneum.

namque et nobilis et decens
et pro sollicitis non tacitus reis
et centum puer artiuraf

late signa feret militiae tuae ;

10

BOOK IV

ODE I

Venus, Forbear !

The contests long suspended thou, Venus, wouldst
renew. Be merciful, I beg, I beg ! I am not as I
was under the sway of kindly Cinara. O cruel
mother of sweet Cupids, strive no more to bend,
when near fifty years are past, one now callous
to thy soft commands ! Hie thee rather to the
place where the persuasive prayers of young men
call. More suitably, borne by thy gleaming swans,
shalt thou haste in joyous revelry to the house of
Paulus Maximus, if thou dost seek to kindle a fitting
heart. For noble is he and comely, an eloquent
defender of anxious clients, a youth accomplished
in a hundred arts ; and^ he will bear the standard

of thy service far and wide. And when prevailing

283

CARMINVM LIBER IV
et quandoque potentior

largi muneribus riserit aemuli,

Albanos prope te laciis
ponet marmoreani sub trabe citrea. 20

illic plurima naribus

duces tura lyraeque et Bereeyntiae
delectabere tibiae

mixtis carminibus non sine fistula ;

illic bis pueri die

numen cum teneris virginibus tiuira
laudantes pede candido

in morem Salium ter qiiatient humum.

me ncc femina nec puer

iain nec spes animi credula nnitui SO

nec certare iuvat mere

nec vincire novis tempora floribus.

sed cur heu, Ligurine, cur

manat rara meas lacrima per genas ?
cur facunda parum decoro

inter verba cadit lingua silentio ?

nocturnis ego somniis

iam captum teneo, iam volucrem sequor
te per gramina Martii

Campi; te per aquas^ dure, volubilis. 40

284

ODES BOOK IV. i

o’er the gifts of some lavish rival he shall laugh in
triumph, beside the Alban lakes he’ll set thy marble
statue beneath a roof of citron wood. Abounding
incense shalt thou there inhale, and shalt take delight
in the mingled strains of lyre and Berecyntian flute; nor
shall the pipe be lacking. There twice each day shall
boys, with maidens tender, hymning thy majesty,
beat the ground with snowy feet, in triple time
after the Salian fashion.

Me nor lad nor maid can more delight, nor trustful
hope of love returned, nor drinking bouts nor temples
bound with blossoms new.

But why, O Ligurinus, why steals now and then
adown my cTieek a tear ? Why halts my tongue,
once eloquent, with unbecoming silence midst my
speech } In visions of the night, I now hold thee
fast, now follow thee in flight o’er the Campus
Martius' sward, now midst the whirling waves, O
thou hard of heart I ^

CARMINVM LIBER IV

II

PiNDARVM quisquis studet aemulari,
lule, ceratis ope Daedalea
nititur pinnis vitreo daturus
nomiiia ponto.

monte decurrens velut amnis, imbres
quern super notas aluere ripas,
fervet immensusque ruit profundo
Pindarus ore,

laurea donandus Apollinari,
seu per audaces nova dithyrambos
verba devolvit numerisque fertur
lege solutis,

seu deos regesque canit, deorum
sanguinem, per quos cecidere iusta
morte Centauri, cecidit tremendae
flamma Chimaerae,

sive Elea domum reducit
palma caelestes pugilemve equumve
dicit et centum potv)re signis
inunere donat.

ODES BOOK IV

ODE II

Thou, Antonius, not 1, shouldst Sing Great Caesar s
Praise

Whoever strives, lulus, to rival Pindar, relies on
wings fastened with wax by Daedalean craft, and is
doomed to give his name to some crystal sea.

Like a river from the mountain rushing down,
which the rains have swollen above its wonted
banks, so does Pindar seethe and, brooking no re-
straint, rush on with deep-toned voice, worthy to be
honoured with Apollo's bays, whether he rolls new
words through daring dithyrambs and is borne along
in measures freed from rule, or sings of gods and
kings, the progeny of gods, at whose hands tlie
Centaurs fell in death deserved and by whom was
quenched the fire of dread Chimaera ; or when he
sings of those whom the Elcan palm leads home
exalted to the skies, of boxer, or of steed, and endows
them with a tribute more glorious than a hundred

287

CARMINVM LIBER

flebili sponsae iuvenemve raptum
plorat et vires animumqiie moresqiie
aureos educit in astra nigroque
invidet Oreo.

multa Dircaeum levat aura cycnuin.
tenditj Antoni, quotiens in altos
nubium tractus. ego apis Matinae
more modoque

grata carpentis thyma per laborem
plurimum circa nemus uvidique 30

Tiburis ripas operosa parvus
carmina fingo.

concines inaiore poeta plectro
Caesarein, quandoque traliet feroct s
per sacrum clivum merita decorus
frond e Sygambros ;

quo nihil maius meliusve terris

fata donavere bonique divi^

nec dabunt, quamvis redeant in aurum

tempora priscum, 40

concines laetosque dies et urbis
publicum ludum super impetralo
fortis August! reditu forumquc
litibus orbum.

S8$

ODES BOOK IV. ii

statues; or laments the young hero snatched from
his tearful bride, and to the stars extols his prowess,
his courage, and his golden virtue, begrudging them
to gloomy Orcus.

A mighty breeze uplifts the Dircaean swan,
Antonius, as oft as he essays a flight to the lofty
regions of the clouds. I, after the way and manner
of the Matinian bee, that gathers the pleasant thyme
laboriously around full many a grove and the banks
of well-watered Tibur, I, a humble bard, fashion my
verses with incessant toil. Thou, a poet of loftier
strain, shalt sing of Caesar, when, honoured with the
well-earned garland, he shall lead in his train along
the Sacred Slope the wild Sygambri ; a sovereign
than whom nothing greater, nothing better, have
the Fates and gracious gods bestowed upon the
world, nor shall bestow, even though the centuries
roll backward to the ancient age of gold. Thou shalt
sing of the festal days, of the city’s public games to
celebrate the return of bra^e Augustus in answer to

our prayers, and of the Forum free from strife. Then,

289

CARMINVM LIBER IV

tuni meae, siquid loquar audieiuliim,
vocis accedet bona pars, et () sol
pulcher, o laiidande ! ” canani recepto
Caesare felix.

tuque dum procedis,' io Triumplie !
non semel dicemus, io Triuin[)lie !** 50

civitas omnis dabimusqiie divis
tura benignis.

te decern tauri totidemque vaccae,
me tener solvet vitulus, relicta
niatre qui largis iuvenescit herbis
in mea vota,

fronte curvatos imitatus ignis
tertium lunae referentis ortum,
qua notam duxit, niveus videri,

cetera fulvus. 60

‘ teque dum procedis all MSS. except B.C. {luhich give
irocedit) : te is then taken as referring to Triumph : tuque
ium procedis Pcerlkamp^ KelUr*

39C

ODES BOOK IV. ii

if I have aught deserving to be heard, the best powers
of my voice shall swell the acclaim, and happy at

t

Caesar’s coming home. Til sing: '^O glorious day,
with honour to be mentioned ! ” And as thou takest
the lead along the ways, ** lo triumphe ! ” ^ we will
shout all of us together, and not only once ; lo
triumphe ! ’’ and incense will we offer to the kindly
gods.

Thy promises, ten bulls and as many kine shall
satisfy; mine a tender calf, which, having left its
dam, is growing on the generous pasturage to fulfil my
vows, imitating with its brow the curving crescent
of the moon at its third rising, snow -white where it
bears a mark, but elsewhere tawny.

i /c. “ Hail I God of Triumph ! **

«91

CARMINVM LlHEll IV

III

Qvem til, Melpomene, semel

nascenteni placido lumine vicleris,
ilium non labor Isthmius

clarabit pugilem, non equus impiger

curru ducet Achaico

victorern, neqiie res bellica Deliis
ornatum foliis ducem,

quod regum tumidas contuderit minas,

ostendet Cajntolio ;

sed quae 'J'ibur aquae fertile praefluunt 10
et spissae nemorum comae

liugent Aeolio carmine nobilem.

Romae principis urbium

digiiatur suboles inter amabiles
vatum ponere me chores,

et iam dente minus mordeor invido.

o testudinis aureae

dulcem quae strepitum. Fieri, temjieras,
o niutis quoque piscibus

donatura cycni, si libeat, sonum, 20

totum muneris hoc tui est,

quod moiistror digito praetereuntium
Romanae fulicen lyrae f

quod spiro et placeo, si placeo, tuum est. /

292

ODES BOOK IV

ODE III

My Glonj is Thy Gif}, 0 Muse

Whom thou, Melpomene, hast once beheld with
favouring gaze at his natal hour, him no Isthmian toil
shall make a famous boxer no im])etuous steed shall
draw as victor in Achaean car, nor shall martial deeds
show hiifi to the Capitol, a captain decked with Delian
bays, for having crushed the haughty threats of kings;
but the waters that flow past fertile Tibur and the
dense leafige of the groves shall make him famous
for Aeolian song.

The children of Rome, queen of cities, deem it
meet to rank me among the pleasant choirs of poets ;
and already am I less attacked by Envy’s tooth. O
thou Pierian maid that dost modulate the sweet tones
of the golden shell, O thou that couldst lend the
music of the swan even to dumb fishes, didst thou so
desire, this is all thy gift, that I am pointed out by
the finger of those passing by as the minstrel of the
Roman lyre. That I am filled with the breath of
song, and that I please, if please I do, is of thy
bestowing.

293

CARMINVM LIHEU IV

IV

Qvalem ininistrum fulminis alitcm,
cui rex deorum rcgimin in aves vagas
perniisit expertus fidelem
luppiter in Ganymede davo,

olim iuventas et patrius vigor
nido laborum propiilit inscium,
verniqiie iam nimbis remotis
insol itos docuere nisus

venti paventem, niox in ovilia
demisit hostem vividus im))etijs,
nunc in reluctantes dracones
egit amor (lapis atque pugnae ;

qualemve laetis caprea pascuis
intfjnta fulvae rnatris ab ubere
iam lacte depulsum leonem
dente novo peritura vidit :

videre Uaetis bella sub Alpibus
Drusum gerentem Vindelici ; (quibus
mos unde deductiis per omne
tempiis Amazonia securi

Ol)ES BOOK IV

ODE IV

Drusus and the ClaiuUan House
Likr the winged bearer of the lightning, to whom
the king of gods gave dominion o’er the roving
birds, having found him faithful in the case of fair-
haired Ganymede — at first youth and native strength
drive him forth, ignorant of toils, from out his nest,
and the sj)ring gales, now that storms are past, have
taught him unwonted efforts, despite his fears ; next
with eager onset he swoops down as foe upon the
sheep-folds ; then love of plunder and the fight drives
him against struggling snakes ; or like some lion just
weaned from the rich milk of his tawny mother,
which a doe, intent on bounteous pasturage, has
espied, doomed to perish by its untried tooth : even
such was Drusus as the Vindelici beheld him waging
war beneath the Rhaetian Alps. Whence was de-
rived the custom that through all recorded time arms
heir right hands with She Amazonian battle-axe, I

CARMINVM LIBER IV
dextras obarmet, quaerere distuli,
nec scire fas est omnia) sed diu
lateque victrices catervae
consiliis iuvcnis revictae

sensere quid mens^ rite quid indoles
nutrita faustis sub penetralibus
posset, quid Augusti patermis
in pueros animus Nerones.

fortes creantur fortibus et bonis;
est in iu vends, est in equis pair urn
virtus, neque imbellem feroces
progeiieraiit aquilae columbain.

doetrina sed vim promovet insitam,
rectique cultus pectora roborant ;
utc unique defecere mores,
indecorant bene nata culpae.

quid debeas, o Roma, Neronibus,
testis Metaurum flumen et Hasdrubal
devictus et pulclier fugatis
ille dies Latio tenebris,

qui primus alma risit adorea,
dirus per urbes Afer ut Italas
ceu ilamma per taedas« vel Eurus
per Siculas equitavit undas.

ODES BOOK IV. iv

have forborne to seek, nor is it vouclisafed to know
all things ; but the hordes long victorious on many a
field were vanquished by the young hero's wisdom,
and were made to feel the potency of head and heart
fitly nurtured beneath an auspicious roof, and of
Augustus' fatherly devotion to the youthful Neros.

’Tis pnly from the sturdy and the good that
sturdy youths are born ; in steers, in steeds, appear
the merits of their sires ; nor do fierce eagles beget
timid doves. Yet training increases inborn worth,
and righteous ways make strong the heart; whenever
righteousness has failed, faults mar even what nature
had aiade noble.

What, O Rome, thou owest to the Neros, the
Metaurus River is a witness, and vanquished Has-
drubal, and that glorious day when the gloom from
Latium was dispelled, the day that was tlie first
to smile with blessed victory, since the dire Cartha-
ginian dashed on his way through the Italian towns,
like as the fire rages through the pines, or Eurus
o'er the Sicilian waves. ‘Thenceforth the Roman

297

CARMINVM LIBER IV
post hoc secundis usque laboribus
Romana pubes crevit, et impio
vastata Poenorum tumultu
fana deos habuere rectos.

dixitque tandem perfidus Hannibal :

" cervi luporum praeda rapacium, 50

sectamur ultro, quos opimus

fallere et efFugere est triumphus.

gens, quae cremato fortis ab Ilio
iactata Tuscis aequoribus sacra
natosque maturosque patres
pertulit Ausonias ad urbes,

duris ut ilex tonsa bipennibus
nigrae feraci frondis in Algido,
per damna, per caedes ab ipso

ducit opes animumque ferro. 60

non liydra secto corpore firmior
viiici dolentem crevit in Herculem,
monstrumve submisere Colchi
maius Echioniaeve Thebae.

merses profundo, pulchrior evenit ;
luctere, multa proruet integrum
cum laude victorem geretque
proelia coniugibus loquenda.

298

ODES BOOK IV. iv

youth, through undertakings ever prosperous, waxed
stronger, and the shrines laid waste by the impious
havoc of the Carthaginians had their gods set up
once more. And at last false Hannibal exclaimed :
^^Like deer, the prey of ravening wolves, we follow
all in vain those whom it were a signal triumph to
baffle and evade. The race which — sturdy still after
Ilium’s destruction — brought safe to the Ausonian
towns, over tossing Tuscan seas, its sacred images, its
children, and its aged sires, like some oak shorn of its
leafy boughs by heavy axes on Mount Algidus rich in
dark foliage, through loss, through slaughter, draws
its strength and life from the very steel. Not the
hydra, as its frame was hewn, grew mightier against
Hercules, loth to yield; nor did the Colchians or
Echionian Thebes rear a greater prodigy. Drown it in
the depths ! It comes forth fairer. Wrestle with it !
1 1 will throw wi th great renown a fresh opponent fl ush ed
with victory, and wage wars for wives to tell of. To

299

CARMINVM LIBER IV

Carlliagini iam non ego nuntios
inittam superbos : occidit, occidit
spes omnis et fortuna nostri

nominis Hasclrubale interemj)to.

nil Claudiae non })erfifient inauus,
quas et benigno numine Iuj)pite>
defendit et curae sagaces
expediunt per acuta belli.

70

$00

ODES BOOK IV. iv

Carthage no more shall I send proud messengers ;
perished, perished is all hope and the fortune of our
name since Hasdrubal’s destruction.

Naught is there that the Claudian might shall not
achieve, which Jupiter defends with power benign,
and which wise counsels guide safely through war's
perils.

t

<01

CARMINVM LIBER IV

V

Divis orte bonis, o})tiiiie Romulae
custos gent is, abes iam nimimn diu ;
maturum redituin pollicitus patrum
sancto concilio redi.

lucem redde tuae, dux bone, patriae :
instar veris enim vultus ubi tuus
adfulsit populo, gratior it dies
et soles melius nitent.

ut mater iuvenern, quem Notus invido
flatu Carpathii trails maris aequora
cunctantem spatio longius annuo
dulci distinct a domo,

votis ominibusque et precibus vocat,
curvo nec faciem litore demovet ;
sic desideriis icta tidelibus
quaerit patria Caesarem.

tutus bos etenim rura perambulat,
nutrit rura Ceres almaque Faustitas,
pacatum volitant per mare navitae;
culpari metuit fides^

ODES BOOK IV

ODE V

The Blessings of Augustus* Srvay
Sprung from the blessed gods, best guardian of the
race of Romulus, too long already art thou absent.
Come back, for thou didst pledge a swift return to
the sacred council of the Fathers. To thy country
give again, blest leader, the light of thy presence !
For when, like spring, thy face has beamed upon the
folk, more pleasant runs the day, and brighter shines
the sun. As with vows, with omens, and with prayers
a mother calls the son whom the South wind with his
envious gales keeps lingering far from his sweet home
across the stretch of the Carpathian Sea for longer
than a year, and from the curving shore turns not her
face ; so, moved by loyal love, his country yearns for
Caesar. For when he is here, the ox in safety roams
the pastures ; Ceres and benign Prosperity make rich
the crops ; safe are the seas o'er which our sailors
course ; Faith shrinks from* blame ; polluted by no

305

CARMTNVM LIBER IV
nullis polluitur casta domus stupris,
mos et lex maculosurn edomuit nefas,
laudantur simili prole puerperae,
culpam poena preniit comes.

quis Partlmm paveat, quis gelidiim Scytlien,
quis Germania quos horrida {)arturit
fetusj incoliimi Caesare ? quis ferae
helium curet Hiberiae?

condit quisque diem collibus in suis,
et vitem viduas ducit ad arbores ; SO

bine ad vina redit laetus et alteris
te mensis adhibet deum ;

te multa prece, te prosequitur mero
defuso pateris, et Laribus tuum
miscct numen, uti Graecia Castoris
et magni memor Herculis.

longas o utinam, dux bone, ferias
praestes Hesperiae ! dicimus integro
sicci mane die, dicimus uvidi,

cum sol Oceaiio subest. 40

304

ODES BOOK IV. V

stain, the home is pure ; custom and law have
stamped out tlie taint of sin ; mothers win praise
because of children like unto their sires ; while
Vengeance follows close on guilt.

Who would fear the Parthian, who the icy Scythian,
who the hordes rough Germany doth breed, while
Caesar lives unharmed ^ Who w ould mind the war in
wild Iberia ? On his owm hillside each man spends the
day, and weds his vines to waiting trees ; thence
gladly repairs to the feast, and at the second course^
invokes thee as a god. Thee with many a prayer,
thee with pure wine poured from bowls, he worships ;
and mingles thy majesty with his household gods,
like Greece mindful of Castor and great Hercules.

Long holidays, blest leader, vouchsafe unto
Hesperia!” So do we pray, dry-lipped, when day
begins : so pray we, soaked witli w ine, when the
sun sinks beneath the Ocean.

^ When libations were poured to the deities before
drinking began,

2li05

CARMINVM LIBER IV

VI

Dive, qnem proles Niobeamagnae
vindicem Jingiiae I'llyosque raptor
sen sit et I'l-oiae prope victor altae .
Plithius Achilles,

ceteris maior, tibi miles irnpar,
filiiis quamvis Thetidis marinae
Dardanas turres quateret tremenda
cuspide pugnax.

ille, mordaci velut icta ferro
pinus aut impulsa cupressus Euro,
procidit late posuitque collum in
pulvere Teucro,

ille non inclusus equo Minervae
sacra mentito male feriatos
Troas et laetam Prianii choreis
falleret aulam ;

sed palam captis gravis, heu nefas, heu,

nescios fari pueros Achivis

ureret flammis, etiarn latentem
^ »

laatris in alvo.

306

ODES BOOK IV

ODE VI

Invocation to Apollo

O God, whom Niobe*s offspring came to know as the
punisher of boastful words, whom the robber Tityos
felt and Phthian Achilles when well-nigh victorious
over lofty Troy, mightier than others, yet no match
for thee, though he was the son of sea-born Thetis
and shook the Dardanian towers, fighting with his
awful spear. He, like to some pine stricken with
biting steel, or some cypress o’erturned by the
Eastern wind, fell prostrate with his outstretched
frame and bowed his neck in Trojan dust. He would
not have hidden within the horse that feigned sacrifice
to Minerva, nor striven to deceive the Trojans keeping
ill-timed holiday, or Priam's court taking joy in
dances ; but with open cruelty to his captives (alas !
alas ! the horror) he would have burned with Grecian
fires the speechless babes, yea, the very infant hidden
in its mother s womb, had hot the Father of the gods,

807

CARMINVM LIBER IV
ni tuis victus Venerisque gratae
vocibus divom pater adniiisset
rebus Aeiieae potiore ductos
alite muros.

doctor argutae fidicen Thaliae,

Phoebe, qui Xautho lavis amne crinis,

Dauniae defende decus Camenae,
levis Agyieu.

spiritum Phoebus iriihi, Phoebus artem
carniiiiis iiomenque dedit poetae. 50

virgiiium primae puerique claris
patribus orti,

Deliae tutela deae, fugacis
lyncas et cervos coliibentis arcu,

Lesbium scrvate pedem meique
pollicis ictum,

rite Latonae puerum canentes,
rite crescentem face Noctilucam,
prosperam frugum celeremque pronos
volvere menses. 40

nupta iam dices “ ego dis amicuroj
saeculo festas referente luces,
reddidi carmen ilocilis modoruni
vatis Horati."

808

ODES BOOK IV. vi

won over by thy appeals and those of winsome Venus,
promised to Aeneas* destiny walls built under better
auspices.

O Phoebus, minstrel teacher of melodious Thalia,
thou that lavest thy locks in Xanthus* stream,
support the glory of the Daunian Muse, beardless
Agyieus !

'Twas Plioebus lent me inspiration, Phoebus the art
of song, and gave me the name of poet. O noblest of
maids, and ye lads sprung from illustrious sires, wards
of the Delian goddess, who with her bow stops the
fleeing lynxes and the stags, observe the Lesbian
measure and my finger’s beat, as ye duly hymn
Latona’s son and the orb of night waxing with
her torch, ripener of crops, and swift to speed the
advancing months ! Soon, when wedded, thou shalt
boast, “ I, trained in the measures of the bard
Horatius, joined in rendering the hymn welcome to
the gods, what time the cycle brought ’round again
the festal days/*

309

CAHMINVM UBER IV

VTI

Diffvoere nives, redcunt iam gramina campis
arboribusque comae ;

mutat terra vices et decrescentia ripas
dumina praetereunt ;

Gratia cum Nymphis geminisque sororibus audet
ducere nuda chores.

immortalia ne speres, monet annus et almum
quae rapit hora diem.

frigora mitescunt zephyris, ver preterit aestas
interitura, siniul

pomifer autumnus fruges efFuderit, et mox
bruma recurrit iners.

damna tamen celeres reparant caelestia lunae ;
nos ubi decidimus^

quo pius Aeneas, quo Tullus dives et AncuSi
pulvis et umbra sumus.

quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae
tempera di superi ?

cuncta manus avidas fugie^t heredis, amico
quae dederis animo.

SIO

10

20

ODES BOOK IV

ODE VII

Springs Return

The snow has fled ; already the grass is returning to
the fields and the foliage to the trees. Earth is
going .through her changes, and with lessening flood
the rivers flow past their banks. The Grace, with
the Nymphs and her twin sisters, ventures unrobed to
lead her bands. The year and the hour that rob
us of the gracious day warn thee not to hope for un-
ending joys. The cold gives way before the zephyrs ;
spring is trampled underfoot by summer, destined
likewise to pass away so soon as fruitful autumn has
poured forth its harvest; and lifeless winter soon
returns again.

Yet the swiftly changing moons repair their losses
in the sky. We, when we have descended whither
righteous Aeneas, whither rich Tullus and Ancus have
gone, are but dust and shadow. Who knows whether
the gods will add to-morrow’s time to the sum of to-
day ? All things which thou grantest to thine own dear
soul, shall escape the greedy clutches of thine heir.

311

CARMINVM LIBER IV

cum semel occicleris et de te splendida Minos
fecerit arbitria,

non, Torquate, genus, non te facundia, non te
restituet pietas ;

infernis neque enirn tenebris Diana pudicum
liberal Hippolytum,

nec Lethaea valet Hieseus abrumpere caro
vincula Riritlioo.

ODES BOOK IV. vii

When once thou hast perished and Minos has pro-
nounced on thee his august judgment, not family,
Torquatus, nor eloquence, nor righteousness shall
restore thee again to life. For Diana releases not
the chaste Hippolytus from the nether darkness, nor
has Theseus power to break the Letliean cliains of
his dear Pirithous-.

SIS

CARMINVM LIBER IV

VIII

Dona REM pateras grataque commodus^
Censorine, ineis aera sodalibus,
donarem tripodas, praemia fortium
Graiorum, neque tu pessima munerum
ferres, divite me scilicet artium,
quas aut Parrhasius protulit aut Scopas,
hie saxo, liquidis ille coloribus
sobers nunc hominem ponere, nunc deum.
sed non haec mihi vis, non tibi talium
res est aut animus deliciarum egens.
gaudes carminibus : carmina possumus
donare et pretium dicere muneri.
non incisa notis marmora publicis,
per quae spiritus et vita red it bonis
post mortem ducibus, non celeres fugae
reiectaeque retrorsum Hannibalis minae,
non incendia Carthaginis impiae
eius, qui domita nomen ab Africa
lucratus rediit, clarius indicant
laudes quam Calabrae Pierides neque,
si chartae sileant quod bene feceris,
mercedem tuleris. quid'foret Iliae
Mavortisque puer, si taciturnitas

ODES BOOK IV

ODE VIII
In Praise of Poesy

Generously would I give bowls and welcome bronzes
to my comrades, Ccnsoriims, and tripods, prizes of the
manful Xj reeks, nor shouldst thou bear off the meanest
of my gifts, were I but rich, that is, in the treasures
which Parrhasius produced, or Scopas — skilful, the one
in marble, the other in liquid colours, to portray now
a hero, now a god. But I have no such store, nor
does thy condition or thy spirit crave such toys. In
songs is thy delight. Songs we can bestow, and can
name the worth of such a tribute.

Not marble graven with public records, whereby
breath and life return to goodly heroes after death,
nor the swift retreat of Hannibal and his threats re-
coiling on himself, nor the burning of wicked Car-
thage, declare more gloriously the fame of him
who came back home, having won his name from
Africans subjection, than do the Muses of Calabria;
nor wouldst thou reap thy due reward, should the
parchment leave thy worthy deeds unheralded.
What to-day were the child of Ilia and Mars, had

S15

CARMINVM LIBER IV
obstaret mentis irivida Romuli ?
ereptum Stygiis fluctibus Aeacum
virtus et favor et lingua potentium
vatum divitibus consecrat insulis.
dignum laude virum Musa vetat mori.
caelo Musa beat, sic lovis interest
optatis epulis impiger Hercules^
clarum Tyndaridae sidus ab infimia
quassas eripiunt aequoribus rates,
ornatus viridi tempora pampino
Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus.

ODES BOOK IV. viii

jealous silence blocked the path of Romulus' deserts ?
The powers of gifted bards_, their favour, and their
voice rescue Aeacus from the Stygian waves and win
for him a hallowed home in the Islands of the Blest.
*Tis the Muse forbids the hero worthy of renown to
perish, ’Tis the Muse bestows the boon of heaven.
'Tis thus that tireless Hercules shares Jove's hoped-
for table. ’Tis thus that Tyndareiis’ sons, gleaming
fires, rescue storm-tossed ships from the sea's abyss,
and Liber, his temples decked with verdant vine-
sprays, brings vows to nappy issue.

J17

CARMINVM LIBER IV

IX

Ne forte credas interitura quae
longe sonantem iiatus ad Aiifidiim
non ante vulgatas per artes
verba loqiior socianda cliordis :

non^ si priores Maeonius tenet
sedes Iloirierus, Pindaricae latent
Ceaeque et Alcaei minaces

Stesichorique graves Camenae ;

nec siquid olim lusit Anacreon
delevit aetas ; spirat adhuc amor 10

vivuntque commissi calores
Aeoliae fidibus puellae.

non sola comptos arsit adulteri
crines et aurum vestibus illitiini
mirata regalesque cultus

et comites Helene Lacaena,

primusve Teucer tela Cydonio
direxit arcu ; non semel Ilios
vexata ; non pugn|ivit ingens

Idomeneus Sthenelusve solus 20

S18

ODES BOOK IV

ODE IX
In Praise of Lollius

Think not the words will perish which I, born near
far-sounjding Aufidus, utter for linking with the
lyre, by arts not hitherto revealed ! E'en though
Maeonian Homer holds the place of honour, yet
Pindar’s Muse is not unknown, or that of Ceos, of
threatening Alcaeus, or of Stesichorus the stately.
Nor has time destroyed whate’er Anacreon once sung
in sport. Still breathes the love of the Aeolian maid,
and lives her passion confided to the lyre.

Not Spartan Helen only became inflamed with

love, marvelling at a paramour’s trim locks, his gold-

bespangled raiment, his princely pomp and followers ;

nor was Teucer first to speed the shaft from Cretan

bow. Not once alone has an Ilium been beset ; nor

has great Idomeneus or Sthenelus alone fought

319

CARMINVM LIBER IV

dicenda Musis proelia; non I’erox
Hector vel acer Deipliobus graves
excepit ictus pro pudicis

coningihus puerisque ])ninus.

vixere fortes ante Agamemnona
multi ; sed omnes inlacriniabiles
urgentur ignotique longa

nocte, carent quia vale sacro.

paulurn sepultae distat inertiae
celata virtus. non ego te meis SO

chartis inornatum silebo,
totve tuos patiar labores

impune, Lolli, carpere lividas
obi iv: ones, est animus tibi
rerumque prudens et secundis
temporibus dubiisque rectus,

vindex avarae fraudis et abstinens
ducentis ad se cuncta pecuniae,
consulque non unius anni,

sed quotiens bonus atque fidus 40

iudex honestum praetulit utili,
reiecit alto dona nocentium
vultu, per obstantCs catervas
explicuit sua victor arma.

^120

DDKS BOOK IV. ix

battles worthy to be sung by the Muses. Nor were
doughty Hector and keen Deiphobus tlie first to
encounter heavy blows for chaste wife and children.
Many heroes lived before Agamemnon ; but all are
overwhelmed in unending night, unwept, unknown,
because they lack a sacred bard. In the tomb, hidden
worth differs little from cowardice. Not thee, O
Lollius, will I leave unsung, un honoured by my verse ;
nor will I suffer envious forgetfulness to prey undis-
turbed upon thy many exploits. A mind thou hast,
experienced in afffiirs, well-poised in weal or woe,
punishing greedy fraud, holding aloof from money that
draws all things to itself, thou a consul not of a single
year, but so oft as, a judge righteous and true, thou
preferrest honour to expediency, rejectest with high
disdain the bribes of guilty men, and bearest thine
arms victorious through opposing hosts.

821

CARMINVM LIBER IV
non possidentem multa vocaveris
recte beatum ; rectius occupat
nomen beati, qui deorum
muneribus sapienter uti

duramque callet pauperiem pati
peiusque leto flagitium timet,
non ille pro caris aniicis
aut patria timid us perire

ODES BOOK IV. ix

Not him who possesses much^ would one rightly call
the haj)py man ; he more fitly gains that name who
knows how to use with wisdom the blessings of the
gods, to endure hard poverty, and w^ho fears dishonour
worse than death, not afraid to die for cherished
friends or fatherland

CARMINVM LIBER IV

X

O CRVDELI8 adhiic et Veneris muneribus potens,
insperata tuae cum veniet pluma superbiae
ctj quae nunc umeris involitant, deciderint comae,
nunc et qui color est puniceae flore prior rosae
mutatus, Ligurine, in faciem verterit hispidam :
dices heu/* quotiens te speculo videris alterum,
*^quae mens est hoclie, cur eadem non puero fuit,
vel cur his animis incolumes non redeunt genae ? "

M4

ODES BOOK IV

ODE X

Beauty is Fleeting

O THOU, cruel still and dowered with Venus* gifts,
when unexpected down shall come upon thy pride
and the locks have fallen that now wave upon thy
shoulders, and the bloom that now outvies the
blossom of the crimson rose has faded, Ligurinus, and
changed to a shaggy visage, then as often as thou
gazest in the mirror on thy altered features, thou
shalt say : Alas ! why lacked I as a lad the purpose
that I have to-day ? Or why lo my present spirit do
not my rosy cheeks return i* *

CARMINVM LIBER IV

XI

Est mihi nonum superantis annum
plenus Albani cadus ; est in horto,
Phylli, nectendis apium coronis ;
est hederae vis

multa, qua crines rcligata fulges ;
ridet argento domus ; ara castis
vincta verbenis avet immolato
spargier agno ;

cuncta festinat manus^ hue et illuc
cursitant mixtae pueris puellae ;
sordidum flammae trepidant rotantes
vertice fumum.

ut tamen noris quibus advoceris
gaudiisj Idus tibi sunt agendae^
qui dies mensem Veneris marinae
findit Aprilem,

iure sollemnis mihi sanctiorque
paene natali proprio, quod ex hac
luce Maecenas meus adfluentes
ordinat annos.

ODES BOOK IV

ODE XI
A Joyous Birthday

1 HAVE a jar full of Alban wine over nine years old ;
in my garden, Phyllis, is parsley for weaving garlands ;
there is goodly store of ivy, which, binding back thy
hair, sets off thy beauty, j The house gleams with
silver vessels ; the altar wreathed with sacred leafage
yearns to be sprinkled with the blood of an offered
lamb, f The household all is hurrying ; hither and
thither rushes the mingled throng of lads and maids ;
the flames are dancing as they roll the sooty smoke
aloft in wreaths. | Yet that thou mayst know to what
joys thou art invited, 'tis to celebrate the Ides that
cleave in twain April, the month of sea-born Venus ; j
with reason a festal day to me, and honoured almost
more than my own natal day, because from this dawn
my Maecenas reckons his on-gliding years.

CARMINVM LIBER IV
Telephum^ quern tu petis^ occupavit
non tuae sortis iuvenem puella
dives et lasciva tenetqiie grata
compede vinctiim.

terret ambus! us Phaethon avaras
speSj et exemplum grave praebet ales
Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus
Bellerophoiitem,

semper ut te digna sequare et ultra
quam licet sperare nefas putaudo
disparem vites. age iam, meorura
finis amorum,

(non eiiim posthac alia calebo
femina) condisce modos, amanda
voce quos red das : minueiitur atrae

carmme curae.

ODES BOOK IV. xi

TelephuSj whom thou seekest, a lad above thy
station, a maiden rich and wanton has secured and
holds him bound with pleasing chain./* Scorched
Phaethon serves as a warning to ambitious hopes ;
and wingM Pegasus, wdio brooked not Bellerophon,
his earth-born rider, alFords a weighty lesson, to folloV
ever what befits thee, and to shun an ill-assorted
mate, deeming it wrong to hope for more than is
permitted.

Come, now, ot all my loves the last (for hereafter
I shall glow with passion for no otner woman), learn
verses to render with thv lovely voice ! Black care
shall be made to wane by the help of song.

8S9

CARMINVM LIBER IV

XII

Iam veris comltes, quae mare temperant,
impellunt animae lintea Thraciae ;
iam nec prata rigtmt nec tluvii sirepunt
hibema iiive turgidi.

nidum ponit, Ityn flebiliter gemens,
infelix avis et Cecropiac domus
aeternum opprobrium, quod male barbaras
regum est ulta libidines.

dicunt in tenero gramine pinguium
custodes oviura carmina fistula
delectantque deum, cui pecus et nigri
colies Arcadiae placent.

adduxere sitim tempora, Vergili ;
sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum
si gestis, iuvenum nobilium cliens,
nardo vina merebere.

nardi parvus onyx eliciet cadum,
qui nunc Sulpiciis adcubat horreis,
spes donare novas largui^ amaraque
curarum eluere efilicax.

ODES BOOK IV

ODE XII

The Delights of Spring

Already the Thracian breezes^ Spring’s attendants,
that calm the sea, are swelling the sails of ships ;
no longer are the meadows frozen, nor do the rivers
roar, swollen with winter’s snow. Making tearful
nioan for Itys, the ill-fated swallow builds her nest,
everlasting disgrace of the Cecropian house, for that
she avenged too cruelly the barbarous lust of kings.

On the soft grass the keepers of the fat sheep
play songs upon the pipe, and delight the god to
whom are dear Arcadia’s flocks and sombre hills.

The season has brought thirst, 0 Virgil ; but if
thou, a follower of noble patrons, art eager to quaff a
wine pressed at Cales, thou must earn the cup by
bringing spikenard. A tiny shell of spikenard shall
lure forth a jar that now reposes in Sulpicius’ store-
house, rich in promise to bestow fresh hopes, and
powerful to wash away the bitterness of care.

S31

CAllMINVM LIBER IV
ad quae si properas gaiidia_, cum tua
velox merce veni : non ego te ineis
immunem ineditor tingere poculis,
plena dives ut in domo.

verum pone inoras et studium lucri
nigrorumque memor, dum licet, igniuni
inisce stultitiam consiliis brevem ;
duice est desipere in loco.

ODES BOOK IV. xii

If thou art eager for such joys^ come quickly with
thy wares ! If thou comest without thy portion^ I
purpose not, like some rich lord in well-stocked house,
to steep thee in my cups. But put aside delay and
thirst for gain, and, mindful of Death’s dark fires,
mingle, while thou mayst, brief folly with thy wisdom ’
’Tis sw eet at the fitting time to cast serious thoughts
aside.

CAUMINVM LIBER IV

XIII

AvdiverEj LycCj di mea vota, di
audivere, Lyce : fis anus et taniea
vis formosa videri

ludisque et bibis impudens

ct cantu tremulo pota Cupidinem
lentum sollicitas. ille virentis et
doctae psallere Chiae

pulchris excubat in genis.

iraportunus enim transvolat aridas
quercus, et refugit te, quia luridi
dentes te^ quia rugae
turpant et capitis nives.

nec Coae referunt iam tibi purpurae
nec cari lapides tempera, quae semel
notis coiidita fastis
inclusit volucris dies.

quo fugit Venus, heu, quove color ? decens
quo motus ? quid babes illius, illius,
quae spirabat amores,
quae me surpuerat milii.

ODES BOOK IV

ODE xiri
Retribution

The gods have heard my prayer, O Lyce, aye, the
gods have heard it. Thou art becoming old, and yet
desirest to* seem beauteous and joinest in the merri-
ment and drinkest hard and, already maudlin, seekest
with quavering song to rouse unwilling Cupid. He
keeps his watch on the fair cheeks of blooming Chia,
skilled in playing on the harp. For disdainfully he
hies past withered oaks, and shrinks from thee,
because yellow teeth and wrinkles and snowy locks
disfigure thee.

No more do robes of Coan purple or costly jewels
bring back to thee the days that time in its flight has
once laid away and locked up in the archives known
to all.

Whither has fled thy grace, alas ! or thy bloom
whither ? Whither thy comely carriage ? What
dost thou retain of her, of her, I ask, who once
breathed love, who stole me from myself, thou happy

S35

CARMINVM IJBRU IV
felix post Cinaram notaque et artium
gratarura facies ? sed Cinarae breves
annos Fata dederuiit,
servatura diu parein

coniicis vetulae tcmporibus Lycerij
possent ut iuvenes visere fervidi
multo non sine risii

dilapsam in cineres facem.

336

ODES BOOK IV. xiii

after Cinara was gone, once famous for thy beauty and
thy winning ways ? Brief years the Fates to Cinara
granted, resolved on keeping Lyce long, to match
the age of the ancient crow, so that hot youths with
many a laugh might come to see the torch to ashes
fallen.

5S7

CARMINVM LIBER IV

XfV

Qvae curapatrum quaeve Qiiiritium
plenis honorum muneribus tuas,

Auguste, virtutes in aevum
per titulos memoresque fast us.

aeternet, o, qua sol habitabiles
iiilustrat oras, maxima principum,
quern legis expertes Latinae
Vindelici didicere nuper,

quid Marte posses, milite nam tuo
Drusus Genaunos, implacidum genus, 10

Breunosque ^ veloces et arces
Alpibus impositas tremeiidis

deiecit acer plus vice simplici ;
maior Neronum mox grave proelium
commisit immanesquc ftaetos
anspiciis pepulit secundis,

spectandus in certamine Martio
devota morti pectora liberae
quantis fatigaret minis,

indomitas prope qualis undas 20

' Breauos : $omi inferior J£88. have Brennos.

SSB

ODES BOOK IV

ODE XIV
Drusus and Tiberius

What care of Fathers and Quirites, O Augustus, shall
with full meed of honours immortalise thy prowess
by insciyptions and commemorative records, thou
mightiest of princes where’er the sun shines on
habitable coasts, thou whose power in war the Vin-
delici, free till now from Latin rule, have learned
of late to know. For thine were the troops where-
with keen Drusus, with more than like requital,hurled
the Genauni down, a clan implacable, the swift
Breuni, and their strongholds set upon the awful
Alps. Soon too the elder Nero joined deadly battle
and overcame the savage Rhaetians under happy
auspices, a wonder to behold in martial combat for
the havoc with which he crushed hearts dedicated to
the death of freemen ; almost as the south wind when
he frets the unconquerable waves, when the band of

S$9

CARMINVM LIBER IV

cxercet Auster PJeiadum choro
scindente nubes, impiger hostium
vexare turmas et frementem

mittere equum medios per ignes.

sic tauriformis volvitur Aufidus,
qui regna Dauni praefluit Apuli^
cum saevit norrendamque cnltis
diluviem rninitatur agris,

ut barbarorum Claudius agmina
ferrata vasto diruit impetu

primosque et extremes metendo
stravit humum sine clade victor^

te copias, te consilium et tuos
{)raebente divos. nam tibi quo die
portus Alexandrea supplex
et vacuam patefecit aulam,

Fortuna lustro prospera tertio
belli secundos reddidit exitus,
laudemque et optatum peractis
imperils decus adrogavit.

te Cantaber non ante domabilis
Medusque et Indus^ te profugus Scythi
miratur, o tutela*praesens
Italiae dominaeque Romae.

ODES BOOK IV. xiv

Pleiads cleaves the clouds ; eager to harry the hosts
of the foe and to drive his snorting charger through
the midst of fiery tumult. So does bull-formed
Aufidus roll on, flowing past the realms of Apulian
Daunus, when he rages and threatens awful deluge to
the well-tilled fields, even as Claudius o’erwhelmed
with destructive onslaught the mail-clad hosts of
savages, and strewed the ground, mowing down van
and rear, victorious without loss, — the troops, the
plan, the favouring gods provided all by thee. For
on the selfsame day that suppliant Alexandria
opened her harbours and her empty palace to thee,
propitious Fortune, three lustrums later, brought a
happy issue to the war and bestowed fame and hoped-
for glory upon the deeds wrought in fulfilment of thy
commands.

At thee marvels the Cantabrian never before sub-
dued, at thee the Mede and Indian, at thee the
roving Scythian, thou mighty guardian of Italy and

341

CARMINVM LIBER IV
te, fontium qui celat origines,
Nilusque et Hister, te rapidus Tigris,
te beluosus qui remotis

obstrepit Oceanus Britannis,

tc non paventis fuiiera Galliae
duraeque tellus audit Hiberiae
te caede gaudentes Sygambri
compositis veneraiitur armis*

ODES BOOK IV. xiv

imperial Rome. To thee the Nile gives ear, the Nile
that hides the sources of its springs ; to thee the
Danube, the swirling Tigris, the Ocean teeming with
monsters, that roars around the distant Britons ; to
thee the land of Gaul that recks not death, and
stubborn Iberia. Before thee stand in awe the
slaughter- loving Sygambri, with weapons laid to rest.

343

CARMINVM LIBER IV

XV

Phoebvs volentem proelia me loqui
victae et iirbes increpuit lyra,
ne parva Tyrrhenum per aeqiior
vela darem. tua, Caesar, aetas

fruges et agris rettulit iiberes
et sigiia nostro restituit lovi
derepta Parthorum superbis
postibus et vacuum duellis

lanum Quirini clausit et ordinem
rectum evaganti frena licentiae 1 0

iniecit emovitque culpas
et veteres revocavit artes,

per quas Latinum nomen et Italae
crevere vires famaque et imperi
porrecta maiestas ad ortus
solis ab Hesperio cubili.

custode rerum Caesare non furor
civilis aut vis exiget otium,
non ira, quae procudit enses

et miseras inimicat urbea. 30

344

ODES BOOK IV

ODE XV
Augustus

When I wished to sing of fights and cities won, Apollo
checiced me, striking loud his lyre, and forbade my
spreading tiny sails upon the Tuscan Sea. j Thy age,
O Caesar, has restored to farms their plenteous crops
and to our Jove the standards stript from the proud
columns of the Parthians ;|has closed Quirinus’ fane
empty of war ; has put a check on licence, passing
righteous bounds ; has banished crime and called
back home the ancient ways j whereby the Latin
name and might of Italy waxed great, and the fame
and majesty of our dominion were spread from the
sun’s western bed to his arising.

While Caesar guards the state, not civil rage, nor
violence, nor wrath that forges swords, embroiling

hapless towns, shall iJanish peace. ^ Not they that

S45

CARMINVM LIBER IV
non qui profundum Danuvium bibunt
edicta rumpent lulia^ non Getae,
non Seres infidive Persae,

non Tanain prope flumen orti.

nosque et profestis lucibus et sacris
inter iocosi munera Liberi

cum prole matronisque nostris,
rite deos prius adprecati,

virtu te functos more patrum duces
Lydis remixto carmine tibiis

Troiamque et Anchisen et almae
progeniem Veneris can emus.

ODES BOOK IV. XV

drink the Danube deep shall break the Julian laws,
nor Getae, Seres, faithless Parthians, nor they by
Tanais born. /On common and on sacred days, amid
the gifts of merry Bacchus, with wife and child we
first will duly pray the gods ;|then after our fathers*
wont, in measures joined to strains of Lydian flutes,
we will hymn the glories of the heroic dead, Troy
and Anchises and benign Venus* offspring.

»47

CARMEN SAECULARE

CARMEN SAECVLAKE

Phoebe silvarumque poteiis Diana.,
lucidum caeli decus, o colendi
semper et culti, date quae precamur
tempore sacro,

quo Sibyllini monuere versus
virgines lectas puerosque castos
dis quibus septem placuere colies
dicere carmen.

alme Sol, curru nitido diem qui
promis et celas aliusqueet idem 10

nasceris, possis nihil urbe Roma
visere maius !

rite matures aperire partus
lenis, Ilithyia, tuere matres^
sive tu Lucina probas vocari
seu Genitalis.

diva, producas subolem patrumque
prosperes decreta super iugandis
feminis prolisque nqvae feraci

lege marita, 20

S50

CARMEN SAECULARE

O Phoebus, and Diana, queen of forests, radiant
glory of the heavens, O ye ever cherished and ever
to be cherished, grant the blessings that we pray for
at the holy season when the verses of the Sibyl have
commanded chosen maidens and spotless youths to
sing the hymn in honour of the gods who love the
Seven Hills.

O quickening Sun, that in thy shining car usherest
in the day and hidest it, and art reborn another
and yet the same, ne’er mayst thou be able to view
aught greater than the city of Rome !

O llithyia, that, according to thy office, art gracious
to bring issue in due season, protect our matrons,
whether thou preferrest to be invoked as Lucina ”
or as " Genitalis.” Rear up our youth, O goddess,
and bless the Fathers’ edicts concerning wedlock and
the marriage-law, destined, we pray, to be prolific in
new offspring, that the sure cycle of ten times eleven

351

CARMEN SAECVLARE
certus undcnos deciens per annos
orbis ut Cantus rcferatque ludos
ter die claro totiensque grata
nocte frequentes.

vosque veraces ceciiiisse, Parcae,
quod semel dictum stabilisque rerum
terminus servet,^ bona iam peractis
iungite fata.

fertilis frugum pecorisque tellus
spicea donet Cererem corona ;
nutriant fetus et aquae salubres
et lovis aurae.

condito mitis placid usque telo
supplices audi pueros, Apollo ;
siderum regina bicornis, au(t2,

Luna, puellas.

Roma si vestrum est opus lliaeque
litus Etruscum tenuere turmae.
iussa pars mutare Lares et urbem
sospite cursu,

cui per ardentem sine fraude Troiani
castus Aeneas patriae superstes
liberum munivit iter, daturus
plura relictis :

I servat^: Orelli.

CARMEN SAECULARE

years may bring round again music and games
thronged on three bright days and as many glad-
some nights !

And ye, O Fates, truthful in your oracles, as has
once been ordained, and may the unyielding order
of events confirm it, link happy destinies to those
already past.

Bountiful in crops and cattle, may Mother Earth
deck Ceres with a crown of corn ; and may Jove’s
wholesome rains and breezes give increase to the
harvest I

Do thou, Apollo, gracious and benign, put aside
thy weapon and give ear to thy suppliant sons ! And
do thou, O Luna, the constellations' crescent queen
to the maidens lend thine ear !

If Rome be your handiwork, and if from Ilium
hailed the bands that gained the Tuscan shore (the
remnant bidden to change their homes and city in
auspicious course), they for whom righteous Aeneas,
survivor of his country, unscathed 'raid blazing Troy,
prepared a way to liberty, clestined to bestow more

^53

CARMEN SAECVLARE
di, probos mores docili iuventac,
di, senectuti placidae quietem,

Romulae genti date remqiie prolemque
et decus omne.

quaeque vos bobus venerator albis
clarus Anchisae Venerisque sanguis, 50

impetret, bellante prior, iacentem
lenis in hostem.

iam mari terraque manus potentes
Medus Albanasque timet secures,
iam Scythae responsa petunt superbi
nuper et Indi.

iam Fides et Pax et Honor Pudorque
priscus et neglecta redire Virtus
audet, apparetque beata pleno

copia cornu. 60

augur et fulgente dccorus arcu
Phoebus acceptusque novem Camenis,
qui salutari levat arte fessos
corporis artus,

si Palatinas videt aequus aras,
remque Romanam Latiumque felix
alterum in lustrum meliusque semper
proroget ' aevum,

354

proroget : MSS^ aUo havt prorogat.

CARMEN SAECULARE

than had been left behind, — then do ye, O gods,
make teachable our youth and grant them virtuous
ways ; to the aged give tranquil peace ; and to the
race of Romulus, riches and offspring and every glory !

And what the glorious scion of Anchises and of
Venus, with sacrifice of milk white steers, entreats
of you* that may he obtain, triumphant o'er the
warring foe, but generous to the fallen ! Already
the Partliian fears the hosts mighty on land and sea,
and fears the Alban axes. Already the Indians and
Scythians, but recently disdainful, are asking for our
answer. Already Faith and Peace and Honour and
ancient Modesty and neglected Virtue have courage
to come back, and blessM Plenty with her full horn
is seen.

May Phoebus, the prophet, who goes adorned with
the shining bow, who is dear to the Muses nine, and
with his healing art relieves the body's weary frame
— may he, if he looks with favour on the altars of
the Palatine, prolong the Roman power and Latium’s
prosperity to cycles ever new and ages ever better !

m

CARMEN SAECVI.ARE
quaeque Aventinum tenet Algidumquc,
quindecim Diana preces virorum
curet et votis puerorum arnicas
applicet ail res.

haec loveni sentire deosque cunctos
spem boivam certanique domum reporto
docius et Ehoebi chorus et Dianae
dicere laudes.

CARMEN SAECULARE

And may Diana, who holds Aventiiie and Algidus,
heed the entreaty of the Fifteen Men and incline
her gracious ears to the children's prayers! That
such is the purpose of Jove and all the gods, we bear
home the good and steadfast hope, we the chorus
trained to hymn the praises of Phoebus and Diana.

357

THE EPODES

EPODOK

I

Ibis Libumis inter alta navium,
amice, propugnacula,
paratus omne Caesaris periculum
subire^ Maecenas, tuo.
quid nos, quibus te vita si superstite
iucunda, si contra, gravis ?
utrumne iussi persequemur otium
non dulce ni tecum simul,
an Imnc laborem mente laturi, decel
qua ferre non molles viros ?
fcremus, et te vel per Alpium iuga
inhospital em et Caucasum
vel Occidentis usque ad ultinium sinum
forti sequemur pectore.
roges, tuuin labore ^ quid iuvem meo,
imbellis ac firmus pariim ?
comes minore sum futurus in metu,
qui maior absentes habet :

* labore GlareanM$: laborem MS8,

THE EPODES

EPODE I
Friendship s Tribute

On Liburnian galleys shalt thou go, my friend
Maecenas, amid vessels with towering bulwarks,
ready to encounter at thine own risk every peril that
threatens Caeaar. But what of us, to whom, with thee
surviving, life is a delight, but else is full of heaviness ?
Shall we, as bidden, devote ourselves to ease, that is
not sweet except with thee ? Or shall we bear these
hardships with such resolve as befitteth stalwart men ?
Bear them we will, and whether o’er the ridges of
the Alps and savage Caucasus, or to the very farthest
corners of the West, thee will we follow with stout
heart. Thou askest how by my hardships I am to
lighten thine — 1 for war unfit and in strength not
rugged ? I shall have less fear, attending thee, for
fear lays hold with greater power on those away, —

EPODON LIBER
ut adsidens implumibus pullis avis

serpentium adlapsus tiuiet 20

magis relictis, non ut adsit auxili
latura plus praesentibus.
libenter hoc et omne militabitur
bellum in tuae spem gratiae,
non ut iuvencis inligata pluribus
aratra nitantur iiiea,
pecusve Calabris ante sidus fervid um
Lucanamutet pascuis,
neqiie ut superni villa candens Tusciili

Circaea tangat moenia. 50

satis superque me benignitas tua
ditavit : baud paravero,
quod aiit avarus ut Chremes terra premam,
discinctus aut perdam nepos.

$62

THE EPODES, i

just as a brooding mother-bird more keenly dreads
attacks of gliding serpents on her unfledged nestlings
when she has left them, though she could lend them
no more aid were she at hand.

This war and every war shall be gladly undertaken
in hope to win thy favour — not that more straining
bullocks may be mine, yoked to the plough, nor that
my floc^ks may change Calabrian for Lucanian pastures
before the blazing dog-star’s season, nor that I may
have a gleaming villa close to the Circean walls of
lofty Tusculum. Enougli has thy bounty enriched
me and more ; I will not lay up treasure, either to
bury in the ground, like miser Chremes, or to squander
like some reckless spendthrift.

36 $

EPODON LIBER

11

Beatvs ille qui procul negotiis,
ut prisca gens mortalium,
paterna rura bobus exercet suis
solutus Omni faenore^
neque excitatur classico miles tnici,
ncque horret iratuni mare,

Forumque vital et superba civium
potentiorum limina.
ergo aut adulta vitium propagine
alias marital populos,
aut in reducta valle mugientium
prospectat errantes greges,
inutilcsque falce ramos am pu tans
feliciores inserit,

aut pressa puris mella condit amphoris,
aut tondet infirmas oves ;
vel cum decorum mitibus pomis caput
Autumnus agris extulit,
ut gaudet insitiva decerpens pira
certantem et uvam purpurae,
qua muneretur te, Priape, et te, pater
Silvane, tutor finium.

THE EPODES

EPODE II

Country Joys

Happy the man who, far away from business cares,
like th^ pristine race of mortals, works his ancestral
acres with his steers, from all money lending free ;
who is not, as a soldier, roused by the wild clarion,
nor dreads the angry sea ; he avoids the Forum and
proud thresholds of more powerful citizens ; and so
he either weds his lofty poplar-trees to well-grown
vines, or in secluded dale looks out upon the rang-
ing herds of lowing cattle, and, cutting off useless
branches with the pruning-knife, engrafts more
fruitful ones, or stores away pressed honey in clean
jars, or shears the helpless sheep. Or when Autumn
in the fields has reared his head crowned with
ripened fruits, how he delights to pluck the grafted
pears, and grapes that with the purple vie, with
which to honour thee, Priapus, and thee. Father
Silvanus, guardian of boundaries.

N

S65

EPODON LIBER
libet iacere modo sub antiqua ilice>
modo in tenaci gramine.
labuntur altis interim ripis ' aquae,
qiieruntiir in silvis aves,
fontesque ^ lympbis obstrepunt manantibus^
somnos quod invitet levcs,
at cum tonantis annus hibernus lovis

imbres nivesque comparat, 30

aut trudit acris hinc et bine multa cane
apros in obstantes plagas,
aut amite levi rara tendit retia,
turdis edacibus dolos,

pavidumque leporem et advenam laqiieo gruem
iucunda captat praemia.
qu us non raalarum, quas amor curas babet,
haec inter obliviscitur ?
quod si pudica mulier in partem iuvet

doinum atque dulces liberos, 40

Sabina qualis aut perusta solibus
pernicis uxor A puli,
sacrum vetustis extruat lignis focum
lassi sub ad vent um viri,
claudensque textis cratibus laetum pecus
distenta siccet ubera,
et borna dulci vina promens dolio
dapes inemptas adparet :

Good MSS. also have rivis.

fontei MSS, : frondei (Mar'ilaud’s conj. )tnan^ edd.

THE EPODES, ii

'Tis pleasant, now to lie beneath some anciient
ilex -tree, now on the matted turf. Meanwhile the
rills glide between their high banks ; birds warble
in the woods ; the fountains plash with their flowing
waters, a sound to invite soft slumbers. But when
the wintry season of thundering Jove brings rains
and snow, with his pack of hounds one either drives
fierce Soars from here and there into the waiting
toils, or on polished pole stretches wide-meshed nets,
a snare for greedy thrushes, and catches with the
noose the timid hare and the crane that comes from
far — sweet prizes 1 Amid such joys, who does not
forget the wretched cares that passion brings ?

But if a modest wife shall do her part in tending
home and children dear, like to some Sabine woman
or the well-tanned mate of sturdy Apulian, piling
high the sacred hearth with seasoned firewood
against the coming of her weary husband, penning
the frisking flock in wattled fold, draining their
swelling udders, and, drawing forth this year’s sweet
vintage from the jar, prepare an unboughtmeal, — then

367

EPODON LIBER
non me Liicrina iuverint conchy lia

magibve rhombus aut scari, 50

si quos Eois intonata fluctibus
hienis ad lioc vertat mare ;
non Afra avis descendat in ventrem meum,
non attagen lonicus
iucundior qiiam lecta de pinguissimis
oliva ramis arborum

aut herba lapathi prata amantis et gravi
raalvae salubres corpori
vel agna Testis caesa Terminal ibus

vel haedus ereptus lupo. 60

has inter epulas ut iuvat pastas oves
videre properantesdomum,
videre fessos vomerem inversum boves
collo trahenteslanguido
postosque vernas, ditis exainen domus,
circum renidentes Lares.*'
haec ubi locutus faenerator Alfius,
iam iam fulurus rusticus,
omnem redegit Idibus pecuniam,

quaeiit Kalendis poaere. 70

368

THE EPODES, ii

not Lucrine oysters would please me more, nor scar,
nor turbot, should winter, thundering on tlie eastern
waves, turn them to our coasts ; not Afric fowl nor
Ionian pheasant would make for me a repast more
savoury than olives gatliered from the richest
branches of the trees, or the plant of the meadow-
loving sorrel, and mallows wholesome to the ailing
body, or than a lamb slain at the feast of Terminus,
or a kid rescued from the wolf. Amid such feasts,
what joy to see the sheep hurrying homeward from
pasture, to see the wearied oxen dragging along the
upturned ploughshare on their tired necks, and thiJ
home-bred slaves, troop of a wealthy house, ranged
around the gleaming Lares !

When the usurer Alfius had uttered this, on the
very point of beginning the farmer’s life, he called
in all his funds upon the Ides — and on the Kalends
seeks to put tlieiii out agam !

369

EPODON LIBER

III

Parentis olim si quis impia manu
senile giittur fregerit,
edit cicutis allium noceiitiiis,
o dura messorum ilia !
quid hoc veneni saevit in praecordiis ?

num viperinus his cruor
incoctus her bis me fefellit ? an malas
Canidia tractavit dapes ?
ut Argonautas praetcr omnes candidum

Medea mi rata est ducem, 10

ignota tauris inligaturum iuga
perunxit hoc lasonem ;
hoc delibutis ulta donis paelicem
serpente fugit alite.

nec tanlus umquam siderum insedit vapor
siticulosae Apuliae,
nec munus umeris efficacis Herculis
inarsit aestuosius.

at si quid umquam tale concupiveris,

iocose Maecenas, precor, 20

manum puella savio opponat tuo,
extrema et in spoiida cubet.

S70

THE EPODES

EPODE III
That Wicked Garlic I

If ever any man with impious hand strangle an aged
parent, may he eat of garlic, deadlier than the hem-
lock ! Ah ! wliat tough vitals reapers have ! What
venom this that rages in my frame ? Has vipers'
blood without my knowledge been brewed into these
herbs ? Or has Canidia tampered with the poisonous
dish? When Medea was enraptured with the hero
Jason, fair beyond all the Argonauts, 'twas with this
she anointed him, as he essayed to fasten upon the
steers the unfamiliar yoke; 'twas with presents steeped
in this, that she took vengeance on her rival and fled
on her winged dragon. Never o’er parched Apulia did
such heat of dog-star brood, nor did Nessus* gift burn
with fiercer flame into the shoulders of Hercules,
that wrought mighty deeds. But if ever, my merry
Maecenas, you wish to repeat the jest, I pray your
sweetheart may put her hands before your kisses, and
lie on the farthest edge of the couch.

371

EFODON LIBER

IV

Lvpis el agnis quanta sortito obtigiL
tecum mihi discordia est,

Hibericis peruste funibus latus
et crura dura compede.
licet superbus ambules peciinia,

Fortuna non mutat genus,
videsne, Sacram metiente te Viam
cum bis trium ulnarum toga,
ut ora vertat hue et hue euntium

liberrima indignatio? lO

^^sectus flagellis hie trium viral ibus
praeconis ad fastidium
arat Falerni mille fundi iugera
et Appiam mannis ter it
sedilibusque magnus in primis eques
Othone contempto sedet.
quid attinet tot ora navium gravi
rostrata duci pondere
contra latrones atque servilem manum^,

hoc, hoc tribuno ntilitum ? ” 20

372

THE EPODES

EPODE IV

The Upstart

As great as is the enmity between lambs and wolves,
by Nature’s laws decreed, so great is that ’twixt me
and you — you whose flanks are scarred by the Spanish
rope, and whose legs are callous with hard shackles.
Though you strut about in pride of wealth, yet
Fortune does not change your breed. See you not,
as with toga three yards wide you parade from end
to end the Sacred Way, how indignation unrestrained
spreads over the faces of the passers-by? ‘^This
fellow, scourged with the triuinvir’s lashes till the
tired beadle wearied of the task, now ploughs a
thousand acres of Falernian ground, and with his
ponies travels the Appian Way. Braving Otho'slaw,
he tiikes his place with the importance of a knight
in the foremost rows of seats ! What boots it for so
many well-beaked ships of massive burden to be led
against the pirates and hordesof slaves, when a fellow
such as tliis is tribune of the soldiers 1

EPODON LIBER

At o deorura quicquid in caeio regit
terras ct humanum genus,
quid iste fert tumiiltus et quid omnium
vultus in iiiium me truces ?
per liberos te, si vocata partubus
Lucina veris adfuit,
per hoc inane purpurae decus precor,
per iinprobaturum haec lovem,
quid ut noverca me intueris aut uti

petita ferro belua ? 10
ut haec trementi questus ore constitit
insignibns raptis puer,
impube corpus, quale posset impia
mollire riiracum pectora :

Canidia, brevibus implicaia viperia
crines et incomptum caput,
iubet sepLilcris caprificos erutas,
iubet cupressus funebres
et uncta turpis ova ranae sanguine

plumamque nocturnae strigis 20

lierbasque quas lolcos atque Hiberia
mittit venenorum ferax,
et ossa ab ore rapta ieiunae canis
dammis aduri Colch\cis.

374

TFIE EPODES

ERODE V
Canidias Incantation

But in the name of all the gods in heaven that rule
the world and race of men, what means this tumult,
and what the savage looks of all of you bent on me
alone?. By thy children, I implore thee, if Lucina,
when invoked, came to help an honest birth, by this
bauble of my purple dress, by Jupiter, sure to dis-
approve these acts, why like a stepmother dost thou
gaze at me, or like a wild beast brought to bay with
hunting-spear ? **

When, after making these complaints with quiver-
ing lip, the lad stood still, stripped of boyhood’s em*
blems, a youthful form, such as might soften the im-
pious breasts of Thracians, Canidia, her locks and
dishevelled head entwined with short vipers, orders
wild fig-trees uprooted from the tombs, funereal
cypresses, eggs and feathers of a night-roving screech-
owl smeared with the blood of a hideous toad, herbs
that lolcos and Iberia, fertile in poisons, send, and
bones snatched from the jaws of a starving bitch — all
these to be burned in th^i magic flames. But high-girt

$15

EPODON LIBER

at expedita Sagana, per totam doinum
spargeiis Avernales aqiias^
horret capillis ut marimis asperis
echinus aiit currens aper.
abacta nulla Veia conscientia

ligoiiibus duris hunuiin SO

exliauriebat, ingemens laboribus,

<juo posset uitossus puer
longo die bis terque mutatae dapja
inemori spectaculo,

cum promineret ore, quantum exstant aqua
suspensa mento corpora:
exsecta uti medulla et aridum iecur
amoris esset poculum,
interminato cum semel fixae cibo

intabuissent pupulae. 4-0

non defuisse masculae libidisiif
Ariminensein Foliam
et otiosa credidit Neapolis
et oinne vicinum oppidum,
quae sidera excantata voce XhesRaU
lunamque caeJo deripit,
hie inresectura saeva dente livido
Can id i a rodens pol licem
quid dixit aut quid tacuit ? o rebus meis
non infid eles arbitrae, 50

Nox et Diana, quae siientium regis,
arcana cum fiuiit sacla,

376

THE EPODES, V

Siii^ana, sprinkling through all the house water from
Lake Avernus, bristles with streaming hair, like some
sea-urchin or a racing boar ; and Veia, by no sense
of guilt restrained, groaning o’er her labours, with
stout mattock was digging up the ground, that,
buried there, the lad laigbtv {)erish gazing at food
chang<id twice and thrice during the tedious da}^
his face protruding only so much as swimmers,
when hanging in the water by the chin — and all for
tills, that his marrow an^ his liver, cut out and dried,
might form a love-charm, when once his eye-balls,
fixed on the forbidden food, had wasted all away.
Gossiping Na[)lcs and every neighbouring town
believed that Folia of Arimiiiuin, tlie wanton hag,
was also there — Folia, who with Thessalian incan-
tation bewitches stars and moon and plucks them
down from heaven. Then fierce Canid ia, gnawing
her uncut nail with malignant tooth — what did she
say, or rather what did she leave unsaid !

faithful witnesses of my deeds. Night and Diana,
thou that art mistress o&the silent hour when mystic

377

EPODON El HER

nunc, nunc adeste, nunc in hostiles doiuos
iram atque numeii vertite.
f’ormidulosis cum latent si I vis ferae
dulci sopore languidae,
senem, quod omnes rideant, adulterum
latrent Suburanae canes,
nardo perunctum, quale non perfectius

meae laborarint manus. 60

quid accidit? cur dira barbarae minus ,
venena Medeae valent,
quibus superbam fugit ulta paelicem,
magni Creontis filiam,
cum palla, tabo munus imbutum, novam
incendio nuptam abstulit?
atqui nec herba nec latens in asperis
radix fefellit me locis.
iiidormit unctis omnium cubilibus

oblivione paelicum. 70

a ! a ! solutus ambulat veneficae
scientioris carmine !
non usitatis, Vare, potionibus,
o multa fleturum caput,
ad me recurres, nec vocata mens tua
Marsis redibit vocibus.
mains parabo, maius infundam tibi
fastidienti poculum,
priusque caelum sidet inferius mari

tellure porrecta super* 80

878

THE EFODES, v

rites are wrought, now, even now, lend me your
help! Now against hostile homes turn your wrath
and power I While in the awesome woods the wild
beasts lie in hiding, wrapped in soft slumber, may
Subura’s dogs bark at the old rake, — a sight for all
to laugh at — anointed with an essence such as my
hands ne’er made more perfect ! What has befallen ?
Why fail to work the dire philtres of tlie barbarian
Medea, with which before her flight she took ven-
geance on the haughty paramour, mighty Creon’s
daughter, what time the robe, a gift steeped in
poisoned gore, snatched aw^ay in fire the new-made
bride ? And yet no herb nor root, lurking in rough
places, escaped me. He lies asleep on perfumed
couch, forgetful of all mistresses. Aha ! He walks at
will, freed by the charm of some cleverer enchantress.
By no wonted potions. Varus, thou creature doomed
bitterly to weep, shalt thou return to me ; and, sum-
moned by no Marsian spells, shall thy devotion be
revived. A stronger draught I will prepare, a
stronger draught pour out, to meet thy scorn ; and
sooner shall the heaven sink below the sea, with
earth spre^ out abov<f, than thou shouldst fail to

379

EPODON LIBER

quam non amore sic meo flagres uti
bitumen atris ignibus/'
sub baec puer iam non, ut ante, mollibus
lenire verbis impias,
sed dubius unde ruinperet silentium,
misit Thyesteas preces :
venena maga non fas nefasqiie, non valent '
oonvertere hiimanani vicem.
diris again vos ; dira detestatio

nulla expiatur victiina. 90

quin, ubi periie iussus exspiravero,
noctunius occurram Furor,
petamque vultus umbra curvis unguibus,
quae vis deorum est Manium,
et inquietis adsidens praecordiis
pavore soninos auferam.
vos turba vicatiin bine et hinc saxis petens
contundet obscenas anus ;

\iost iiisepulta membra different lupi

et Esquilinae alites, 100

neque hoc parentes, lieu mihi superstites,
effugerit spectaculum.”

^ veuena maga noa Hauptt veueaa luagtiUtu

380

TFIE EPODES, v

bum with love for me, even as burns the pitch in the
smoky flame.*'

At this the lad no longer, as before, essayed to
soothe the impious creatures with gentle speech,
but, doubtful with what words to break the silence,
hurled forth Thycstean curses: Your magic spells
have not the power to alter right and wrong, nor to
avert human retribution. With curses I will hound
you ; by no sacrifice shall my awful execration be
warded off. Nay, even when, doomed to die, I have
l)reathed my last, at night I will meet you as a fury ;
and as a ghost I will tear your faces with crooked
claws, as is the Manes’ power ; and seated on your
restless bosoms, I will banish sleep with terror.
The rabble, pelting you with stones on every side
along the streets, shall crush you, filthy hags. Then
by and by the wolves and birds that haunt the
Esquiline sliall scatter far and wide your unburied
limbs, nor shall this sight escape my parents, —
surviving me, alas 1 ”

381

EPODON LIBER

VI

Qvid immerentes hospites vexas, canis
ignavus adversura lupos ?
quin hue inanes^ si potes, verlis minaSj
et me remorsurum petis ?
nain qualis aut Molossus aut fulvus Lacon,
arnica vis pastoribus,
agam per altas aure sublata nives,
quaecumque praecedet fera ;
tu, cum timenda voce complesti nemus,
proiectum odoraris cibum.
cave^ cave : namque in malos asperrimus
parata tollo cornua,
qualis Lyj&mbae spretus infido geneff
aut acer hostis Bupalo.
an, si quis atro dente roe petiverit,
inultus ut flebo puer ?

THE EPODES

EPODE VI
The Blackmailer

Why dost thou worry unoffending strangers, thou cur
when facing wolves ? Why not hither, if thou darest,
turn thy idle threats and make assault on me, who
will bite thee in return ? For, like Molossian hound
or tawny Laconian, the shepherd’s sturdy friends, with
ear upraised I’ll follow amid deep snow whatever
beast of prey goes before. Thou, when thou hast
fdled the w^oods with thy fearful yelps, sniffest
around at the food that has been flung thee. Beware,
beware ! For full fiercely do 1 lift my ready horns
against evil-doers, even as the slighted son in-law
of perfidious Lycambes, or as Bupalus’ keen foe.
Or if any one with venomous tooth assail me, shall
I forgo revenge and whimper like a child?

888

EPODON LIBER

m

QyOy quo scelesti ruitis ? aut cur dexteris
aptantur enses conditi ?
parimme campis jttque Neptuno super
fusum est l-atiiii sanguinis?
non ut superbas iuvidae Carthaginis
Romanus arces ureret^
intactiis aut Britannus ut descend eret
Sacra catenatus \'ia,
sed ut secundum vota Parthorum sua

urbs haec periret dextera. 10

neque hic lupis mos nec tmt leonihus,
numquam ^ nisi in dispar teris,
lurorne caecus an rapit vis acrior
an culpa ? responsum date !
tacent, et ora palloi albus inricit,
mentesque perculsae stupciit.
sic est : acerba fata Romanos a<runt
seel usque fraternae necis^
ut immerentis fluxit in terram llemi

sacer nepotibus cruor. 20

^ numeuam BeniUy : unquam MSS,

S84

THE EPODES

EPODE

A Threatened Renewal xtf (Hvil Strife
Whither, whither are ye rushing to ruin in your
wicked frenzy ? Or ^^’hy are your hands grasping the
swords that have once been slieathed? Has too little
Roman blood been shed on field and flood — not
that the Roman might burn the proud towers of
jealous Carthage, or that the Briton, as yet un-
scathed, might descend the Sacred Way in fetters,
but that, in fulfilment of the Parthians’ prayers,
this city might perish by its own riglit hand ?
Such habit ne’er belonged to wolves or lions, whose
fierceness is turned only against beasts of other kinds.
Does some blind frenzy drive us on, or some stronger
power, or guilt ? Give answer ! — They speak not ; a
ghastly pallor o’erspreads their faces ; and dazed are
their shattered senses, ’Tis so ; a bitter fate pursues
the Romans, and the crime of a brother’s murder,
ever since blameless Remus’ blood was spilt upon the
ground, to be a curse upon posterity.

385

EPODON LIBER

IX

Qvando repostiim Caecnbiun afl festas dapes
victore laetus Caesare
tecum sub alta — sic lovi gratuin — dome,
beate Maecenas, bibam
sonaiite mixtum tibiis carmen lyra,
hac Doriuin, illis barbarum ?
ut nil per, actus cum freto Neptunius
dux fugit ustis navibus,
ininatus urbi vincla, quae detraxerat

servis amicus perfidis. 10

Hoinaiius elieu — poster! iiegabitis —
emancipatus feminae
fert vallum etanna, miles et spadonibus
servire rugosis potest,
interque signa turpe militaria
sol ads])icit conopium.
ad hoc ^ frementes verterunt bis mille equos
Galli, canentes Caesarem,
hostiliumque riavium portu latent

puppes sinistrorsum citae. 20

io triumphe, tu moraris aureos
currus et intactas boves ?

386

^ ad hoc Bentley : a'd hunc MSS,

THE EPODES

EPODE IX
A fter Actium

When, happy Maecenas, within thy lofty palace, —

such is Jove’s pleasure, — shall I with thee, in joy at

Caesar’s triumpli, drink the Caecuban stored away

for festal banquets, while flute and lyre make music

with their mingled melody of Phrygian and Dorian

strains? Just as lately, when the Neptunian leader,^

his ships consumed, was driven from the sea in

flight, though he had threatened the City with the

shackles he had taken from faithless slaves, his

friends I The Roman, alas ! (ye, O men of after

times, will deny the charge) — the Roman bears stakes

and weapons at a woman’s behest, and, a soldier,

can bring himself to become the minion of withered

eunuchs, while amid the soldiers’ standards the

sun shines on the shameful Egyptian pavilion. At

sight of this, twice a thousand Gauls, chanting the

name of Caesar, turned away their snorting steeds;

and the ships of the foe, when summoned to the

left, lay hidden in the harbour 1 lo, Triumphe I *

Dost thou keep back the golden cars and the unsullied

1 Sextus Pompeiui*

1 f.e. “Hail 1 -O God of Triumph.”

387

EPODON LIBER
Jo triumphe, nec lugurthino parem
bello reportasti ducem
neque Africanum, cui super Qirthaginem
virtus sepulcrum condidit.
terra marique victus hostis punico
lugubre mutavit sagum.
aut ille centum nobilem Cretam urbibus^
ventis iturus non sais,
exercitatas aut petit Syrtes NotOj
aut fertur ineerto mari.
capaciores adfer hue, puer, scyphos
et Chia vina aut Lesbia,
vel quod fluentem nauseam coerceat
metire nobis Caecubum.
curain metumoue Cfiesaris rerum iuvat
aulci Lvaeo solvere.

THE EPODES, ix

kine ? lo, Triumphe 1 Neither in Jugurtha's war
didst thou bring back so glorious a captain ; nor was
Africanus such, — he whose valour reared for him a
shrine o*er Carthage. Vanquished on sea and land,
the foe has changed the scarlet cape for sable, and
against baffling winds is either making for Crete
famed for her hundred cities, or is seeking the
Syrtes by Notus tossed, or is borne upon uncertain
seas. Bring hither, lad, more generous bowls, and
Chian wine or Lesbian, or pour out for us Caecuban,
to check our rising qualms. * ris sweet to banish
anxious fear for Caesar’s lortuiies wich Bacchus*
mellow gift.

989

EPODON LIBEB

X

Mala soluta navis exit alite,
ferens olentem Mevium.
ut horridis utrumque verberes latus^

Auster, memento, fiuctibus.
niger rudentes Eurus inverse mari
fractosque remos diiferat ;
insurgat Aquilo^ quantus altis montibus
frangit trementes ilices.
nec sidus atra nocte amicum appareat,

qua tristis Orion cadit ; 10

quietiore nec feratur aequore
quam Graia victorum manus,
cum Pallas usto vertit iram ab Ilio
in impiam Aiacis ratem.
o quantus instat navitis sudor tuis
tibique pallor luteus
et ilia non virilis heiulatio
preces et aversum ad lovem,
lonius udo cum remugiens sinus

Noto carinam ruperit. 20

opima quod si praeda curvo litore
porrecta merges iuveris,
libidinosus immolabitur caper
et agna Tempestatibus,

$90

THE EPODES

EPODE X
Bad Luck to Mevius

Under evil omen the ship sets sail, bearing un-
savoury Mevius. With fearful waves, O Auster, re-
member to lash both her sides ! Let lowering Eurus
scatter* sheet and broken oars on upturned sea !
Let Aquilo arise in all the fury with which he
rends the quivering oaks on lofty mountain-tops !
And may no friendly star appear on the murky night
when grim Orion sets ! And on no gentler sea may
he be borne than was the host of the victorious
Greeks, when Pallas turned her wrath from Ilium’s
ashes against Ajax’ impious bark ! Oh ! What toil
awaits thy sailors I And thyself, what ghastly pallor,
and what unmanly wailing, and prayers to Jove
estranged, when the Ionian Sea whistling with rainy
Notus, shall wreck thy vessel ! But if, stretched out
as fat carrion on the curving shore, thou give pleasure
to the gulls, then a sportive goat and a lamb shall
be offered to the gods of storms.

EPODON LIBKR

Petti^ nlhU me slcut antea iuvat

sc*ribere versiculos amore i)erciissum gravi,
amore, qiii me praecer oinnes expetit
mollibus in pueris aut in puellis urere.
hie tertius December, ex quo clestiti
Inaclna furere, silvis honorem decutit.
lieu me, per urbem, nam pudet tanti inali,
fabula quanta fui ! convivioriim et paenUet,
in quis amantem languor et silentium

arguit et latere petitus imo spiritiis. 10

coiitraue lucrum nil valere earKiidurn
pauperis ingenium \ querebar adpiorans t\bi,
simul calentis inverecundus deus

fervidiore mero arcana promorat loco,
quod si nieis inaestuet praecordiis
libera bilis, ut haec ingrata ventis dividat
fomenta, vulnus nil malum levantia,

desine t imparibus certare summotus pud or/'
ubi haec severus te palam laudaveram,

iussus abire domum ferebar incerto pede ‘20
ad non aniicos hen mihi postis et heu

limiiia dura, quibus lunfbos et infregi latus.

302

THE EPODES

EPODE XI
Cupid* s Power

O Pettius, no more do I delight as formerly to write
my verses, for I am stricken with the heavy dart of
Love, yea of Love who seeks to kindle me beyond all
others witli passion for tender boys and maids. Tlie
third I^eceinber is now shaking the glory from the
woods since 1 lost my infatuation for Inachia. Ah
me ! (for Pm ashamed of such a sore affliction), how
people talked of me throughout the town ! I hate
to recall the feasts at which my listlessness and silence
and the sighs drawn from my bosom’s depths proved
my love-lorn state. '^To think that a poor man’s
guileless heart can naught avail against the power
of gold,” did 1 oft complain, unburdening my grief
to thee, so soon as the god that banishes reserve had
wanned me with the quickening wine and brought my
secrets from their hiding-place. “ But if a righteous
indignation siiould boil up within my heart, so as to
scatter to the winds these thankless consolations
that nowise ease my grievous suffering. I’ll banish
modesty and cease to vie with rivals not my peers.”
When with stern resolve I had praised this course
before thee, bidden go home, I went my way with
step irresolute towards door-posts to me, alas I un-
friendly, and to thresholds hard, on which I racked

39s

EPODON LIBER

nunc gloriantis quanilibet mulierciilam
vincere mollitia amor Lycisci me tenet ;
unde expedire non amicorum queant
libera consilia nec contumeliae graves,
sed alius ardor aut puellae candidae

aut teretis pueri, longam renodantis comam.

394

THE EPODES, xi

my loins and side. Affection for Lyciscus now en-
thrals me, for Lyciscus, who claims in tenderness to
outdo any woman, and from whom no friends' frank
counsels or stern reproaches have power to set me
free, but only another flame, either for some fair
maid or slender youth, with long hair gathered in a
knot.

S95

EPODON LIBER

XIII

Horrida tempestas caelum contraxitj et imbres
nivesque deducunt lovem ; nunc mare, nunc siluae
Threicio Aquiloiie sonant, rapiamus, amici,
occasionem de die, dumcpie virent genua
et decet, obducta solvatur fronte senectus.

tu vina Torquato move consule pressa meo.
cetera mitte loqui : deus haec fortasse benigna
reducet in pedem vice, nunc et Achaeraenio
perfundi narao iuvat et fide Cyilenea

levare diris pectora soiiicitudinibus, 10

nobilis ut grand i cecinit Centaur us alumno:

^Mnvicte, mortalis dea nate puer Thetide,
te manet Assaraci tellus, quam frigida parvi
findunt Scamandri flumina lubricus et Simois,
unde tibi reditu m certo subtemine Parcae

rupere, nec mater domuni caerula te revehet.
illic omne malum vino cantuque levato,
deformis aegrimoniae dulcibus alloquiis.”

THE EPODES

EPODE XIII

Defiance to the Stonn : Make Merry !

A DREADFUL stonii has narrowed heaven’s expanse, and
rain and snow are bringing Jove to earth. The sea,
the woods, now roar with the Thracian north wind.
Let snatch our opportunitv from the day, my
friends, and while our limbs are strong and the time
is fitting, let seriousness be banished from tlie clouded
brow ! Bring thou forth a vintage trodden in my
Torquatus’ year. Cease of aught else to speak ! The
god perchance with kindly change will mend our
present ills. Now is the pleasing time to anoint the
head with Persian nard, and witli Cyllenian lyre to
relieve our hearts of dread anxieties, even as the far-
famed Centaur once sang to his stalwart foster-child :

O tliou invincible, thou mortal child of goddess
Thetis, thee the land of Assaracus awaits, through
which the tiny Scamander’s cooling waters flow and
gliding Simois, whence the Fates by fixed decree
have cut off thy return; nor shall thy sea-blue
mother bear thee home again. When there, lighten
every ill with wine and song, sweet consolations for
unlovely sorrow ! "

397

EPODON LIBER

XIV

Mollis inertia cur tantam difTiiderit imis
oblivionem sensibus,
pocula Lethaeos ut si ducentia somnos
arente fauce traxerim,

Candida Maecenas, occidis saepe rogando :

deus, deus nam me vetat
inceptos, olim promissum carmen, iambos
ad umbilicum adducere.
non aliter Samio dicunt arsisse Bathyllo
Anacreonta Teium, 10

qui persaepe cava testudine flevit amorem
non elaboratum ad pedem.
ureris ipse miser : quod si non pulchrior ignis
accendit obsessam Ilion,
gaude sorte tua ; me libertina. nec uno
contenta, Phrjne macerat.

398

THE EPODES

EPODE XIV

Proynises Unfulfilled

You distress me, honest Maecenas, by asking oft, why
soft indolence has diffused as great forgetfulness
over my inmost senses as if with f)arched throat I
had drained the bowl that brings Lethean sleep;
for 'tis the god, yea Tis the god, that forbids me
to bring to an end the iambics already begun, the
song long promised. Not otherwise enamoured of
Samian Bathylliis, do they say, was Teian Anacreon,
who on his hollow shell sang full oft his plaintive
strains of love in simple measure. You yourself are
the victim of Love’s fires ; but if no fairer flame
kindled beleaguered Ilium, then be hapj)y in your
lot I / am consumed with love for Phryne, a freed-
woman, with a single lover not content.

m

EPODON LIBER

XV

Nox crat et caelo fUlgebat Luna sereno
inter minora sidera,

cum tu, magiiorum numen laesura deorum,
in verba iurabas niea,

artius atque liedera procera adstringitur ilex
ientis adhaerens bracchiis,
dum pecori lupus et nautis infestus Orion
turbaret liibernum mare^
intonsosque agitaret Apolliiiis aura capillos,
fore hunc amorem mutuum. 1 0

o dolitura mea multum virtiite Neaera !

nam si quid in Flacco viri est,
non I'eret adsiduas potiori te dare noctes^
et quaeret iratiis parem ;
nec semelofl’ensae^ cedetconstantia formae^,
si certus intrarit dolor,
et tu, quicumque es felicior atque meo nunc
super bus in cedis malo,
sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit
tibique Pactolus fluat,
nec te Pythagoiae fallant arcana renati,
formaque vincas Nirea,
eheu, translates alio maerebis amores.
ast ego vicissim risero.

^ ofifensi : Bentley,

4-00

THE EPODES

EPODE XV
l atthless !

Twas and in a cloudless sky the moon was

shining amid the lessei* lights, when thou, soon to
outrage the majesty of the mighty gods, didst pledge
thy loyalty, clinging to me more closely with thy
twining arms than the lofty ilex is girt by the ivy, and
didst swear that as long as the wolf should be hostile
to the flock, as long as Orion, tlie sailors* foe, should
toss the wintry sea, as long as the breeze should wave
Apollo’s unshorn locks, so long should last our love for
one another. O Neaera, doomed bitterly to rue my
manhood! For if there is a spark of the man in
Flaccus, he’ll not allow thee to give night after night
to a more favoured rival, but in his anger he will
seek a fitting mate ; nor will his stern resolve yield
to thy beauty’s charms, now become hateful to him
once fixed resentment has entered his soul. And
thou, whoe’er thou art, that now paradest happier
than 1 and proud o’er my distress, though thou be
rich in flocks and acres broad, though for thee
Pactolus flow, and the secrets of Pythagoras rein-
carnate elude thee not, though in beauty thou
shouldst surpass even Nireus, alas ! thou art doomed
to mourn her love flown to another. But 1 in turn
shall laugh.

401

EPODON LIBER

XVI

Altera iam teritur bellis civilibiis aetas,
siiis et ipsa Roma viribus ruit.
qiiam neque finitimi valuerunt perdere Marsi
minacis aut Etrusca Porsenae man us,
aemula nec virtus Capuae iiec Spartacus acer
novisque rebus itifidelis Allobrox
nec fera caerulea dornuit Germania pube
parentibusque abominatus Hannibal ;
impia perdemus devoti sanguinis aetas,

ferisque rursus occupabitur solum. 10

barbarus heu cineres insistet victor et iirbem
eques sonante verberabit ungula,
quaeque careiit ventis et solibus ossa Quirini,
nefas videre ! dissipabit insolens.
forte, quod^ expediat, communiter aut melior pars
malis carere quaeritis laboribus ?
nulla sit hac potior sententia, Phocaeorum
velut profugit exsecrata civitas
agios atque lares patrios, habitandaque fana

apris reliquit et rapacibus lupis, 20

ire, pedes quocumque ferent, quocumque per undas
Notus vocabit aut protervus Africus.

1 quod inferior : quid hett MSS

402

p:pode XVI

The Woes of Civil Strife. A Ucmedy

Already a second generation is being ground to pieces
by civil war, and Rome through her own strength is
tottering. The city that neither the neighbouring
Marsians had the power to ruin, nor the Etruscan
host of threatening Porsena, nor Capua's rival might,
nor fierce Spartacus, nor the Gaul, disloyal in
time of tumult, nor wild Germany, with its blue-
eyed youth, nor Hannibal by parents hated, — this
selfsame city we ourselves shall ruin, we, an impious
generation, of stock accurst; and the ground shall
again be held by beasts of prey. The savage conqueror
shall stand, alas ! upon the ashes of our city, and the
horseman shall trample it with clattering hoof, and
(impious to behold !) shall scatter wantonly Quirinus*
bones, that now are sheltered from the wind and sun.

Perchance all ye (and this were the wiser course), or
at least the better part, seek to escape this dire distress ?
As once the Phocean folk, having cursed their fields
and ancestral gods, went into exile and left their
shrines to be the dwelling-place of boars and raven-
ing wolves, so with us let no other plan be
preferred to this : To , go wheresoever our feet
shall bear us, wheresoever o'er the waves Notus or

403

EPODON LIBER

sic placet? an melius quis liabet suadere?
secunda

ratem occupare quid rnoramur alite ?
sed iuremus in haec : simul imis saxa renarint
vadis levata, ne redire sit iicfas ;
neii conversa doraum pigeat dare lintea, quando
Padus Matiiia laverit cacumina,
ill mare seu celsus procurrerit Appenninus,
novaqiie monstra iunxerit libidine
minis amor, iuvet ut tigres subsidere cervis,
adulteretur et columba miluo,
credula nec ravos timeant armenta leones,
ametque salsa levis hircus aequora.
haec et quae poterunt reditus abscindere dulces
eamus omnis exsecrata ci vitas,
aut pars indocili melior grege ; mollis et exspes
inominata perprimat cubilia !

VOS, quibus est virtus, muliebrem tollite Juctum,
Etrusca praeter et volate litora.
nos manet Oceanus circumvagus; arva, beata
petamus arva divites et insulas,
reddit ubi Cererem tell us inarata quotaniiis
et imjiutata floret usque vinea,
germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,
suamque pulla ficus ornat arborem,
mella cava manant ex ilice, montibus altis
levis crepaute lymplia desilit pede.
illic iniussae veniunt ad mulctra capellae,
refertque tenta grex amicus ubera,

404

thp: epodes, xvi

boisterous Africus shall call. Is such your pleasure?
Or has some one better counsel ? Why, with omens
fair, do we delay to board the ship ? But let us swear
to this: So soon as rocks shall rise from Ocean’s depths
and float again, then let it be no sin to return ! Nor
let us be loth to shift our canvas and trim it for the
voyage home, when the Po shall wash the Matinian
heights, when the lofty Apennines shall jut out into
the sea, when strange affection shall join monsters in
unnatural desire, so that tigers shall love to mate with
deer, and the dove shall f)air with the kite, the trustful
herd fear not the tawny lion, and the goat, grown
smooth with scales, shall love the briny waters of the
sea. Having vowed these solemn pledges and what-
ever can prevent our sweet return, let us go forth, the
State entire, or the portion better than tne ignorant
herd ! Let the weak and hopeless remnant rest on
their ill-fated couches I

Ye who have manhood, away with womanish laments,
and speed past the Etruscan coasts! Us the encom-
passing Ocean awaits. Let us seek the Fields, the
Happy Fields, and the Islands of the Blest, where
every year the land, utj ploughed, yields corn, and
ever blooms the vine unpruned, and buds the shoot ot
the never-failing olive ; the dark fig graces its native
tree ; honey flows from the hollow oak ; from the
lofty hill, wdth plashing foot, lightly leaps the fountain.
There the goats come unbidden to the milking-pail,
and the willing flock brings swelling udders home ;

405

EPODON LIBER

nec vespertinus circumgemit ursus ovile,
neqiie intumescit alta viperis humus ;
pluraqiie felices mirabimur, ut neque largis
aquosus Eurus arva radat imbribus,
pinguia nec siccis urantur semina glaebis,
utrumque rege temperante caelitum.^
non hue Argoo contendit remige pinus,
neque impudica Colchis intulit pedein ;
non hue Sidonii torseriint cornua nautae,

laboriosa nec cohors Ulixei. .60

nulla nocent pecori contagia, nullius astri
gregem aesluosa torret impotentia.
luppiter ilia piae secrevit litora genti,
ut iiiquinavit acre tempos aureum ;
acre, dehinc ferro duravit saecula, quorum
piis secunda vate me datur fuga,

1 The arrangement of the lines from 66 on varies with different
editors.

406

THE EPODES, xvi

nor does the bear at eventide growl ’round the sheep-
fold^ nor the ground swell high with vipers. And at yet
more marvels shall we wonder in our good fortune, —
liow rainy Eurus does not deluge the cornland with
his showers; and how the fertile seeds are not burnt
up in the hard-baked clods, since the king of the gods
tempers both heat and cold. Hither came no ship of
pine with straining Argive oarsmen, nor here did any
shamfiless Colchian queen set foot ; no Sidonian
mariners hither turned their spars, nor Ulysses’ toiling
crew. No murrain blights the flock ; no planet’s
blazing fury scorches the herd. Jupiter set apart
these shores for a righteous folk, ever since with
bronze he dimmed the lustre of the Golden Age.
With bronze and then with iron did he harden the
ages, from which a happy escape is offered to the
righteous, if my prophecy be Heeded,

EPODON IJBER

XVII

I AM iam efficaci do manus scientia'f^,
sii])})lex et oro regna per Proserpinae,
per et Diaiiae non movenda numiiia,
per atque lihros canninum valentium
refixa caelo devocare sidera,

Canidia, parce vocibus tandem saeris

citiimque retro solve, solve turbinem !

movit iiepotem Telephus Nereium,

in quern superbus ordinarat agmina

Mysorum et in quern tela acuta torserat. 10

unxere ^ inatres Iliae addictum feris

alitibiis atque canibus hoinicidam Uectorem,

postquam relictis moenibus rex prociclit,

heu ! pervicacis ad pedes Achillei.

saetosa duris exuere pellibus

laboriosi remiges Ulixei

volente Circa membra, tunc mens et sonus

relapsus atque notus in vultus honor.

dedi satis superque poenarurn tibi,

amata nautis multurn et institoribus. 20

fugit iuventas et verecundus color

reliquit ; ossa pelle amicta lurida,

i

I uiixere : good JUSS, also have luxero,

408

THE EPODES

EPODE XVII
A Palinode

lengtli I yield to tliy potent skill, and on
bended knee I beg — by the realms of Proserpine,
by Diana’s inviolable majesty, and by the books of
incantations that have power to unfix the stars and
call them down from heaven - Canidia, cease at
length thy magic spells, and let the whirling wheel
go back, go back : Telephus moved to [)ity Nereus’
grandson, against whom in lefiance he had marshalled
the hosts of the Mysians and had hurled his pointed
darts. Man-slaying Hector, though given o’er to
birds of prey and dogs, the Ilian dames were suf-
fered to anoint for funeral rites, after the king,
leaving the city walls, fell, ah ! piteous sight, at the
feet of Achilles hard of heart] By Circe’s will
the oarsmen of toil-worn Ulysses put off the limbs
bristling with tough hides ; then returned wit and
speech, and to their features the wonted grace.
Enough of penalty and more have I paid to thee,
thou much beloved of sailors and of peddlers !
My youth has sped ; departed is my rosy bloom ; my

409

EPODON LIBER
tills capillus albus est odoribus,
nullum ab labore me reclinat otiiim ;
urget diem nox et dies nocteiiij iieque est
levare tenta spiritu praecordia.
ergo negatum vincor ut credain miser,

Sabella pectus increpare carmina

caputque Marsa dissilire iienia.

quid amplius vis ? o mare et terra, ardeo, 30

quantum neque atro delibiitus Hercules

Nessi cruore,nec Sicaiia fervida

virens in Aetna flamma ; tu, donee cinis

iniuriosis aridus ventis ferar,

cales venenis officina Colchicis.

quae finis aut quod me manet stipendium?

efFare; iussas cum fide poenas luam,

paratus expiare, seu poposceris

centum iuvencos, sive mendaci lyra

voles sonari ; tu pudica, tu proba 40

perambulabis astra sidus aureum.

infamis Helenae Castor offensus vicem

fraterque magni Castoris, victi prece,

adempta vati reddidere luniina :

et tu — {Kites nam — solve me dementia,

o nec {laternis obsoleta sordibiis

nee in sepulcris pauperum prudens anus

novendiales dissipare pulyeres.

tibi hospitale pectus et purae manus

410

THE EPODES, xvii

bones are covered with a yellow skin ; with thy
essences my hair is white ; no respite relieves me
from torment ; night follows close on day, and day on
night ; nor is it possible to ease my straining breast
by taking breath. And so, ill-fated, I am driven to
believe what I once denied : that Sabellian incan-
tations can confuse the heart, and that by Marsian
spells the head is rent asunder. What more dost thou
desire ? O sea and earth ! 1 burn as neither Hercules,
steeped in the black blood of Nessus, Aor the live
Sicilian flame in blazing Aetna. But thou art a
glowing shop of magic drugs, to the end that I may
become dry ashes and be carried ofl‘ by the wanton
winds. What end or penalty awaits me ? Speak
out ! The punishments commanded, I faithfully Vill
pay, ready to make expiation, whether thou de-
mandest a hundred bullocks, or wouldst have thy
praises sounded on mendacious lute. Chaste and
righteous, thou shalt be made to walk amid tlie
stars, a golden constellation. Castor and mighty
Castor’s brother, incensed at the affront to Helen,
were yet won o’er by prayers, and to the bard re-
stored the sight they had taken away ; do thou —
for thou art powerful— -relieve me of my madness,
O thou sullied by no ancestral taint, thou no hag
deft in scattering funeral ashes amid the graves of
the poor I Kindly is tky heart and pure thy hands;

411

EPODON LIBER

tuosque vculer Pactumeius, et tuo 50

cruore rubros obstetrix pannos lavit,
utcumque fortis exsilis pucrpera/’
quid obseratis auribus fundis preces ?
non sax a nudis surd i ora navitis
Neptunus alto tundit liiberims salo,
inultus ut tu riseris Cotytia
vulgata_, sacrum liberi Cupidinis,
et Esc]uilini ])ontifcx venefici
impune ut urbem nomine impleris meo ?
quid proderit ditasse Paelignas anus 60

velociusve miscuisse toxicum ?
sed tardiora fata te votis manciit ;
ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc,
novis ut usque suppetas lal)oribus.
optat quietem Pelopis infidi pater,
egens benignae Tantalus semper dapis,
optat Prometheus obligatus aliti,
optat supremo collocare Sisyphus
in monte saxuni ; sed vetant leges lovis.
voles modo altis desilire turribus, 70

modo ense pectus Norico recludere,
frustraque vincla gutturi nectes tuo,
fasti diosa tristis aegrimonia.
vectabor umeris tunc ego inimicis eques,

i\2

THE EPODES, xvii

P.ictunieius is thy offspring, and thine the blood that
stained the cloths the midwife washed, however
sturdily thou trippest forth after thy travail.”

Why dost thou pour forth prayers to ears whose
gates are barred ? Not deafer to shipwrecked sailors
are the cliffs that wintry Neptune beats with swelling
surge ! Thou to laugh with impunity at divulging the
Cotytian rites and the orgies of Cupid unrestrained I
Thou, the minister of Esquiline incantation, to fill
the town with talk of me and reap no punishment!
What use to have enriched Paelignian dames, or to
have learned to mix a swifter poison ! But a fate
awaits thee more lingering than thy prayers implore.
Wretch ! Thou must drag out a weary life for this :
to be ever present for fresh sufferings. For rest,
longs Tantalus, the sire of faithless Pelops, yearning
ever for the bounteous feast ; for rest, Prometheus
too, chained to the bird of prey. Sisyphus longs to
set the rock upon the mountain's crest, but the laws
of Jove forbid. Thy wish shall be, now to plunge
down from lofty towers, now to pierce thy bosom
with the Noric blade ; and in vain shalt thou reeve
the noose about thy throat, sick at heart with weary
loathing. Then as a horseman I’ll ride upon thy
hated shoulders, and the earth shall give way before

413

EPODON LIBER
meaeque terra cedet insolentiae.
an quae movere cereas imagines,
ut ipse nosti curiosus, et polo
deripere lunam vocibus possim meis,
possim cremates excitare mortiios
desiderique temperare pocula,
plorem artis in te nil agentis exitum ?

THE EPODES, xvii

my unexampled ini^bt. Shall I, wlio can make waxen
images to feel (as thou^ creature, thyself dost

know)/! who by incantations can snatch down the
moon from heaven, can raise the ashes of the dead,
and mix the potion that creates desire, — sliall 1
lament the issue ot my craft, futile against thee
alone I "

115

EPODON LIBER

VIK

Rogare loDgo putidam te saeciilo^
vires quid enervet meas,
cum sit tibi dens ater et rugis vetus
front cm senectus exaret,
hietque turpis inter aridas natis
podex veliit crudae bovis!
sed incitat me pectus et mammae putres^
equina quales ubera,
venterque mollis et femur tumentil)us

exile suris addilum. 10

esto beat a, fiinus atque imagines
ducaiit triumphales tuum.
nec sit marita, quae rotundioribus
onusta bacis ambulet.
quid quod libelli Stoici inter Sericos
iacere pulvillos amant?
inlitterati num minus nervi rigent,
minusve languet fascinum ?
quod ut superbo provoces ab inguine

ore adlaborandum est tibL 20

416

EPODON LIBER

XII

Qvin tibi vis, mulier ni^ris dignissima barris ?

niunera cur milii quidve tabellas
niittis, nec firino iiiveiii neque naris obesae ?

iiamque sagaciiis unus odoror,
polypus an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis,
ci^uain canis acer, ubi lateat siis.
qui sudor vietis et qiiam malus undique merabris
crescit odor, cutn pene soluto
indosnitam properat rabieni sedare, neque illi
iam manet umida crel.a colorque 10

stcrcore fucatus crocodili, ianique subando
tenta cubilia tectaque runipit.
vel mea cum saevis agitat fastidia verbis :

Inacliia laiigues minus ac inc ;

Inachiam ter nocte potes, milii semper ad unum
mollis opus, pereat male, quae te
Lcsbia quaerenti taurum monstravit inertem,
cum mihi Cous adesset Amyntas,
cuius in indomito constantior inguine nervos,
quam nova collibus arbor inhaeret. 20

muricibus Tyriis iteratae vellera lanae
cui properabantur ? tibi nempe,
ne foret aequales inter conviva, magis quern
diligeret mulier sua quam te.
o ego non felix, quam tu fugis, ut pavet acres
agna lupos capreaSque leones I

417

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

References preceded C.S” are io the Carmen Saecu-
lare those preceded by EpodJ' are to the Epodes ;
others are to the Odes.

AciiaemenI^s, Persian kiug^, II.
XII. 21.

Aclicrou, river of the underworld,

I. III. 36 ; III. III. 16.
Acheruntia, au Apulian hamlet,

III. IV. 14.

Achilles, I. xv. 34 ; 11. iv, 4, xvi.

29 ; TV. VI. 4 ; Epod. xvil. 14.
Achivl, the Greeks, III. in. 27.
AcrLsiiis, Argive king;, 111. xvi. 6.
Acroeeraunia, x^reiiioutory of
Epirus, I. III. 20.

Aeacus, grand l ather of Achilles, II.
XTII. 22; 111, XIX. S; IV. viii.
25.

Aefula, a Latin town. III. xxix.

6 .

Aogaouin (Mare), the Aegean Sea,

II. XVI. 2.

Aelius, III. XVII. 1. iSee Lamia.
Aeneas, Trojan hero, IV. vi. 23, vii.
15; C.S. 42.

Aeolides, Sisyphus, II. xiv. 20.
Aethiops (i.c. Egyptian), III. vi.
14.

Aetna, the mountain, III. iv. 76;
Epod. XVII. 83.

Afer, African, II. i. 26 ; III. iii. ;

IV. IV. 42.

Africa, 11. xviii. 5 ; III. xvi. 31 ;
IV. VI II. 1 8.

Africaims, Seipio Africanus, Epod.
IX. 25.

Africus, the south-west wind, L I.
15, III. 12, XIV. 6; IJI. xxiii. 6 ;
Epod. XVI. 22.

Agamemnon, Greek champion, IV.

IX. 25.

Agrii)pa, Roman general and states
man, I. vi. 6.

Agyicus, epithet of Apollo, IV. vr.
28.

Aiax(Oilei), Greek hero, 1. xv. 19 ;
Epod. x. 14.

Aiax (Telamonius), Greek hero, II.

IV. 6.

AlhanuB (Lacus), Alban Lake, IV,
I. 19.

Albius (Tihullus), Roman poet, I,
XXXJII. 1.

Albimea, nymph of the Anio, I,
vii. 12.

Alcaeus, Lesbian poet, II. xiii. 27;
IV. IX. 7.

Alcides, I. xii. 25. See Hercules.
Alexaudrea, Alexandria, Egyptian
city, IV. XIV. 35.

Alfius, a usurer, Epod. ii. 67.

419

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Algidus, a Latin mouuUiin, I. xxi.
6; III. xxiii. 9; IV. IV. C8;
C.S. 69.

Allobrox, a Gaul, Knoil. xvi. 6.
Alpes, the Alps, IV. iv. 17, xiv.
12; Kpod. 1. 11.

Alyattes, Ljdiau lilng, Ill.xvi. 41.
Ainidiion, mythical builder of
Thebes, III. xi. 2.

Amyutas, a Homan, Epod. xir. 18.
Anacreon, Greek po<‘t of Teos, IV.

IX. 9 ; Epod. XIV. 10.

Anchises, iatlier of Aeueas, IV. xv,

31 : C.S. 60.

Ancus (Manias), Homan king, IV.
VII. 15.

Andromeda, daughter of Ccplaais,
rescued by rerseus from the sea-
monster, III. XXIX. 17.

Anio, river of Latinin, 1. a’ii. 13.
Antilochus, Greek liero, II. ix. 14.
Antiochus, Syrian king. III. vi. 36.
Auiium, Volscian town, 1. xxxv. 1.
Aulonius (lulus), son of Mai'k
Antony, IV. ii. 26.

Apollo, the god, 1. li. 82, vii. 3,
28, X. 12, XXI. 10, xxxi. 1 ; II.

X. 20 ; III. IV. 64 ; C.S. 34 ; Epod.

XV. 9.

Appeuninus, the Apennines, Epod.

XVI. 29.

Appia (Via), Applan Way, Epod.
IV. 14.

Aprilis, the month, IV. xi. 16,
Apulia, Italian district, Epod. iii.
16.

Aquilo, north wind, I. iii. 13 ; II.

IX. 6 ; III. X. 4, XXX, 8 ; Epod.

X. 7, xiii. 3.

Arabs, Arabian, I. xxix. 1, xxxv.

40; II, XII. 24 ; III. xxiv. 2.
Arcadia, Greek district. IV. xii.
12 .

Archytas, Greek philosopher, I,
xxviu. 2.

ArcturuB, a star. III. i. 27.

Argivi, Greeks, III. in. 67.
Argonautae, Argouautw, the hcrot

42C

who went in quest of the Golden
Fleece, Epod. in. 9.

Argos, Greek city, I. vii. 8.
Assjiracus, ancient Trojan king,
Kpod. XIII. 13.

Asierio, a maiden. III. vii. 1.
Ailauiicum (aeqnor), the Atlantic
Ocean, I. xxxi. 14.

Atlas, a Titan, who supported the
hoavons on bis shoulders, I. x. 1.
Atride-s, Againemnon(orMenelau8),
L X. 15 ; II. IV. 7.

Attains, King of rcrgainus, II.
xvui. 6.

AuOdus, an Apulian river, III.

XXX. 10 ; IV, IX. 2, XIV. 25.
Augustu.s, Homan emperor, II. ix,
11) ; 111. III. 11, V. 3; IV. II. 43,
IV. 27, XIV. 3.

Anion, a hill near Tarentum, II.

VI. 18.

Aiisler, south wind, II. xiv. 16 ;
HI. III. 4, XXVII. 22; IV. XIV.
21 ; Epod. X. 4.

Autuinuus, autumn, Epod. II. 18.
Aventinus, the Avenrinc, one of
the seven hills of Home, C.S. 69.

Bacchae, votaries of Bacchus,
III. XXV. 15.

Bacchus, God of Wine, I. vii. 8,
xviii. 6, xxvii. 3; II. vi. 19,
XIX. 6; III. 111. IS, XVI. 34,
XXV. 1.

Bad ru, Oriental city, III. xxix. 28.
Buiae, Campanian watering-place,
II. xviii. 20 ; HI. IV. 24 !
Bandusia, a fountain, III. xiii. 1.
Barinc, a maiden, 11. viii. 2 .
Bassareus, epithet of Bacchus, I.
XVIIT. 11.

Ba.ssn.s, a Homan, I. xxxvi. 14.
Bathyllus, a favourite of the poet
Anacreon, Epod. xiv. 9.
Bellerophon, mythical liero, HI.

VII. 16, XII. 8 ; IV. XI. 28.
Libulus, Homan consul, Ill.xxvni.

8 .

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

BiBtonidea, Tliracian woman, 11.
XIX. 20.

Boreas, north wind, III. xxiv. 88.
Bosporus, the Bosphorus, 11. xiii.

14, XX. 14 ; 111. IV. 30.
Breuni,ai) Alpine tribe, IV. xiv. II.
Briseis, a Greek inaidmi, tlio prize
of Achilles, II. iv. 3.

Britanni, Britons, 1. xxi. 15, xxxv.
30 ; III. IV. 33, V. 8 ; IV. xiy.
48 : Kpod. VII. 7.

Brutus, assassin of Caesar, II. vii.

2 .

Bupalus, Greek sculptor, Kpod. vi.
1 4.

Caesar (dlviis lulius), I. ii. 44.
Ca('sar (Octaviaims), I. ii. 62, vi.

II. XII. 61,^62, X XI. 14, XXXV. 29,
xxxvii. 16; II. IX. 20, XII. 10;

III. IV. 87, XIV. 3, 16, XXV.
4 ; IV. II. 81, 48, V, 16, 27,
XV. 4, 17 ; Kpod. i. 3, ix. 2,
18, 37.

Calabria, district of Italy, I. xxxl

5.

Calais, a Roman, III. ix. 14.

Cales, a Campanian town, IV. xii.
14.

Calliope, Muse of epic poetry. III.

IV. 2.

Camena, Muse, I. xii. 39 ; 11. xvi.
38 ; III. IV. 21 ; IV. vi. 27, ix.
8 : C.8. 62.

Camilhis, Roman hero, 1. xii. 42.
Caminis (Martins), Campus Martins
at Rome, I, viii. 4, ix. 18 ; III.
I. 11 ; IV. I. 40.

Canicula, the dog: star, I. xvii. 17 ;
III. XIII. 9.

Canidia, a sorceress, Kpod. iii. 8,

V. 15. 48, XVII. 6.

Cantaber, member of a Spanish
tribe, II. Vi. 2 xi. 1 ; III. vm.
22 ; IV. XIV. 41.

Capitolium, the Capitol at Rome,
I. XXXVII. 6 ; III. in. 42, xxint
45, XXX. 8 ; IV. iii. 9.

Capra (sidus), a constellation, III.

VII. 6.

Capricornus, a constellation, II.

XVII. 20.

Cajnia, a Campanian town, Kpod.
XVI. 5.

Cari)athium (Mare), a put of the
Mediterranoau, I. xxxv. 8 ; IV.
V. 10.

Carthago, Carthago, III. v. 3D;
TV. IV. 69, VIII, 17; Epod. vn.
5 IX. DS,

Casi)iu!n (Mare), Caspian Sea, II.

IX. 2.

Castalia, sacred spring on Mt. Par-
nassus, haunt of the Muses, III.
IV. 61.

Castor, Greek hero, IV. v. 85;
Epod. xvii. 42.

Catilus, a founder of Tibur, I.
xviti. 2.

Cato (sonex), Roman hero, II. xv.
11 ; III. XXI. 11.

Cato (IJticeiisis) Roman hero, I.
XII, 3 ; II. I. 2 .

Caucasus, Mr. Caucasus, I. xxii. 7 ;
Epod. 1 . 12.

Ceusorinus. a friend of Horace,
IV. VIII. 2.

Cerberus, the dog that guarded the
imrtals of the umlerworld, II.
XIX. 2'.* ; III. XI. 17.

Ceres, goddess of grain, III. Ii. 26,
XXIV. 13; IV. V. 18; C.S. 30;
Epod. XVI. 43.

Cliarybdls, a whirlpool, I. xxvil.
ID.

Cilia, a maiden, IV. xiii. 7.
Chimaeva, a mythical n onster, I.
XXVII. 24; JI. XV n. 13; IV.

11. 16.

Chiron, the Centaur, Epod. xilf
11.

Chloe, a maiden, I. xxiil. 1 1
III. VII. 10, IX. 6, 9, 19, XXVI.

12 .

Chloris, a maiden, II. v. 18; IIT.
XV. 8.

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Chremes, a miser, Epod. i. S8.
Ciuara, i. maiden, IV. i. 4, xiii. 21,
22 .

Circe, an enchantress, I. xvii. 20 ;
Epod. XVII. 17.

Claudius (Tiberius), stepson of
Augustus, IV. XIV. 20.

Cleojiatra, the Egyptian queen, I.

xxxvii. 7 iT. ; Epod. ix. 11.

Clio, » Muse, I. XII. 2.

Cnidos, an island, I. xxx. 1 ; III.
XXVIII. 13.

Cocytos, a river of the underworld,

II. XIV. 18.

Codrus an Attic king, 111. xix. 2.
Colchis (Medea), Epod, xvi. 58.
Colchus an inhabitant of Colchis
on the Black Sea, II. xx. 17 ;
IV. IV. 6S.

Concauiis, member of a Spanish
tribe, III. iv. 34,

("opia, Plenty, C.S. 60.

Corinthus, Corinth, tho city, I.
VII. 2.

Corvinus (Messalal.allonian orator
and statesman. III. xxi. 7.
Corybantes, priests of Cyhelc, I.

XVI. 8.

Cotiso, a Dacian chief, lll.viii. 18.
Cragus, a mountain of Lycia, 1.

XXI. 8.

Crassus, the triumvir, III. v. 6.
Croon, King of Corinth, Epod. v.
64.

Creta, the island, III. xxvii. 34 ;
Ei»od. IX. 29.

Cretieura (Mare), tho Cretan Sea,

I. XXVI. 2.

Crispus (Sallustius), a Koman, TI.

ir. 8.

Cupldo, Ciipid, I. IT. 34, XIX. 1;

II. viii. 14; IV. I. 5, xiii. 6;
Epod. XVII. 67.

Curius, a Roman hero, I, xii. 41.
Cyclades, the islands 1. xiv. 20 ;

III. XXVlII. 14.

Cyclopes, servants of Vulcan, L

IV. 7.

123

Cynthia (Diana), III. xxviii. 12.
Cynthlus (Apollo), I. xxi. 2.

Cyprus, the island, I. iii. l,xix. 10,
xxx. 2 ; III. XXVI. 9.

Cyrus (amatoret amatu.s),a Roman,

I. xvii. 25, xxxiii. 6. ,

Cyrus (Persa), King of Persia, II.

II. 17 ; III. XXIX. 27.

Cythcrca, Venus, I. iv. 6 ; 111.

XII. 4

Dacus, member of a Danubian
tribe, I. xxxv, 9; II, xx. 18;

III. VI. 14, VIII. 18.

Daedalus, a mylhieiil Athenian

craftsman, I. in. 34.

Damalls, a maiden, I. xxxvi. 13 IT.
Danae, mythical Argive princcs.s,
III. XVI. 1.

Danai, Greeks, TI. xiv, 18 ; III. xi.
23.

Danuvius, the Danube, IV. xv. 21.
Daunias (Apulia), a district of
Italy, I. xxn. U.

Dauuus, a mythical Apulian king,

III. xxx. 11 ; IV. XIV. 26.
Deiphobus, a Trojan hero, IV. ix

22 .

Dellius, a Homan, II. iii. 4 .

Delos, a Greek island, I. xxi. 10.
Delphi, seat of the oracle of Apollo,
I. VII. 8.

Diana, I. xxr. 1 ; II. xii. 20 ; III.

IV. 71 ; IV. VII. 25 ; C.S. 1, 70, 75 ;
Epod. v. 61, XVII. 3.

Diespiter, Jupiter, 1. xxxiv. 6 ;

III. II. 29.

Dindymene, Cybele, mistress of
Dindymus, a mountain in i'hry-
gio, I. XVI. 6.

Dnisus, stepson of Augustus, IV.

IV. 18, XIV. 10.

Edoni, a Thracian tribe, II. vn. 27.
Enceladus, a giant, III. iv. 66.
Euipens, a Roman, HI. vii. 28.

•1 Ephesus, a city of Ionia, I. vii.

8 .

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Kry cilia, an epithet of Venus, I. ii.
S3.

Erym:iiithus, a moiiiitain of Ar-
cadia, I. XXI. 7.

Euhias, an epithet of Bacclnis, 111.
XXV. 9.

Euhins, Bacchus, I. xviu. 9 ; II
XT, 1 7.

Eiftnenides, the Furies, II. xiii. Sfi.
Europe (person), a Plioenician
princess. III. xxvii. 25,

87.

Europe -(place), III. iii. 47.

Euriis, east wind, I. xxv. 20,
xxviii. 95; 11. XVI. 24; III.
xvir. 11 ; IV. IV. 43, vi. 10;Epod.
X*. 56, xvi. 64.

Euterpe, Muse of lyric song-, 1. 1. 33.

Fabiucius, Roman hero, I. xii,
40.

Fannns, tutelary god of s]ic])herds,

I. IV. 11, XVII. 2 ; II. xvn. 2<S ;

I II. xvrii. I.

Faustitas, Trosperity, TV. V, 18.
Favonius, the west wiud, 1. iv. 1 ;
II r. vu. 2,

Fides, Faith, I. xviii, 18, xxiv. 7,
XXXV. 21 ; C.S. 67.

Flaccus (Horatius), Horace, Epod.
XV. 12.

Folia, a sorceress, Epod. v. 42.
Forenturn, an Apulian liamlet, III.

IV, 16.

Formlae, a Latin town. III. xvn. 6.
Fortuna, the goddess, I. xxxiv. 16 ;

II. I. 3 ; 111. XXIX. 49.

Furiae, the Furies, I. xxvm. 17.
Fuscu8,a friend of Horace, I. xxii.

4.

Cades, Cadiz, a Spanish town, II.
n. 11, VI. 1.

Galaesus, a Lucaniau river, II. vi.

10 .

Galatea, a maiden, III. xxvii. 14,
Gallia, Gaul, IV. xiv. 9.

Gain, the Gauls, Epod. ix. 18. *

Ganymedcs, cuiibcarer of Jove, IV.
IV. 4,

Garganus, an Italian mountain, 11.
IX. 7.

Geloni, a Thraciau tribe, II. ix. 23,
XX. 19 ; III. IV. 36.

Genauni, an Alpine tribe, IV. xiv.
10 .

Genitalis, epithet of Lucina, C’.S.
16.

Genius, guardian spirit, 111. xvn.
14.

Germania, Germany, IV. V. 26 ;
Epod. XVI. 7.

Geryoiies, a mythical monster, II.

XIV. 8.

Getae, a Tliracian tribe, HI. xxrv.
11 ; IV. XV. 22.

Gigaiites, the Giants, II. xix. 22.
Gloria, Glory, I. xviii. 16.

Glycera, a maiden, I. xix. 5, xxx. 3,
xxxiii. 2 ; II. in. 19, 28.

Graccia, Greece, I. xv. 6; IV. v.
36.

Grai, Greeks, II. iv. 12.

Gratia, a Grace, 1. iv. 6, xxx. 6;

III. XIX. 16, XXI. 22 ; IV. vn. 5.
Grosjduis, a Roman, II. xvi. 7.
Gyas, a inylhical inouster, II. xvn.
14 ; III. IV. 09.

Gyges, a Roman, II. v. 20 ; III. vii.

6 .

Hadria, the Adriatic, I. in. 16,
xxxiii. 16; II. XI. 2, XIV. 14;

III. in. 6, IX. 23, XXVII. 19.
Hadriannm (Mare), the Adriatic, I.

XVI. I.

Haemonla, Thessaly, I. xxxvn. 20.
Haemus, a mountain of Thrace, I.

XII. 6.

Hannibal, the Carthaginian, II.
xn, 2; III. VI. 36; IV. iv. 49,
vni. 10; Epod. xvi. 8.
Hasdrubal, a Carthaginian general,

IV. IV. 38, 72.

Hebrus (person), a Roman, III.

XII. 6.

4.23

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Hfbrus (Thraiian river), 111. xxv.

10 .

Hector, Trojau champion, II. iv.

10; IV. IX. 22 ; Epod. xvii. 12.
Helene, wife of Aleiielaus, I. in. 2,
XV. 2; IV. IX. 16; Epod. xvn.
42.

Hflicoii, mountain of Boeotia, I.
xii. 5.

Hercules, mythical hero, III. iii. 9,
XIV. 1; IV. IV. 62, V. 86, viii,
30; Epod. III. 17, xvii. 31.
Hesperia, Haly, I. xxxvi. 4; 11.

I. 32; III. VI. 8 ; IV. v. 38.
Hiber, Spaniard, II. xx. 20 .
Hiberia (Hispania), Spain, IV. v.

28, XIV. 60.

Hiberia (PouLica), a district In
Asia Minor, Epod. v. 21.
Hlppolyte, a Thessalian queen. III.
VII. 18.

Ilippolytus, a Greek hero, IV. vii.
26.

Hirpinus (Quinctius), a friend of
Horace, II. xi. 2.

Histcr, the Danube, IV. xiv. 46.
Homenia, Homer, IV. ix. 6,

Honor, Honour, C.S. 57.

Horatius, Horace, IV. vi. 44.
Hyades, a constellation, I. m. 14.
Hydaspes.an Oriental river, 1. xxii.
8 .

Hydra, a mythical monster ol
many heads, IV. iv. 61.

Hylaeus, a Centaur, 11. xii. 6.
Hyinettus, a mountain c.t

XI. VI. 14.

Iapetds, father of Prometheus, 1,
III. 27.

lapyx, north-west wind, I. iii. 4;

III. xxvii. 20,
lbycus,a Koinan, III. xv. i.

Icarus (island), III. vii. 21.

Icarus (person), son of Daedalus,

II. XX. 13.

Iccins, a friend of Horace, I. xxix.

1 .

4.24

Ida, a mount near Troy, III. xx.
16.

Idomeneus, a Cretan cliief, IV.
IX. 20.

Ilia, mother of Romnlus and Kenins,

I. II. 17 ; 111. IX. 8; IV. viii.

22 .

Ilion, llios, Troy, I. x. 11, xv. 33 ;

III. Hi. 18, 37, XIX. 4; IV. IV.
63; IX. 18; Epod, x. IS; xiv.

14.

Ilithyia, goddess of clii Id-birth,
C.S. 14.

Inachia, a maiden, Epod. xi. 6,
XII. 14 f. "

loachiis, an ancient Ar<,dve king,

II. lu. 21 ; III, XIX. 1.

India, the coniiiry, 111, x.xiv. 2.
Indi, Indus, the inhabitants of

India 1. xii. 66; IV. xiv. 42;
C.S. 66.

lolcos, a Thessalian city, Epod. v.

21 .

Italia, Italy, I. xxxvii. 16; III.

V. 40 ; IV. XIV. 14.

Itys, son of riiilomi la and Tereus,

IV. XII. 5.

Ixiou, my till cal king of the La-
pithae, HI. xi. 21.

Jabo, Jason, leader of the Argo-
naut-s Epod. iii. 12.

Juha, a Nuiuidian king, I. xxii.

15.

Jugurtha, a Numidlan king, II.
I. 28.

Julus, son of Mark Antony, IV,

n 2.

Juno, the goddess, I. vii. 8 ; II. i.

2? ; ITJ, HI. )8 IV. 69.

Jiippitei, the god, I. i. 26, ii. 19,
?h, HI. 40, X. 6, XI. I, XVI. 12,
XXI. 4, XXII. 20, XXViii. 9, 29,
XXXII. 11; 11. VI. 18, Vii. 17, X.

16. XVII. 22 ; III. I. 6, III. 6,
61, IV. 49, V. 1, 12, X. 8, XVI. 6,

o XXV. 6, XXVII. 73; IV. IV. 4,
74, VIII. 29, XV. 6; C.S. 53, 71;

INDEX OF .PROPER NAMES

JKpod. II. 29 V. 8, IX. 3, X. 18,
XHI. 2, XVI. * 3, XVII. 69,

JustiLia, Justice, I. xxiv. 6 ; II.
xvn. 16.

Juventas, Ybuth, I. xxx. 7.

Lacedae'mon, Sparta, I. vri. 10.
Laertiados, Dljssos, I. xv. il.
Lalago, a maiden, I. xxii. 10, 28;

II. V. 16.

Lamia, a friend of Horace, I. xxvi.

8, xxxvT. 7 ; nr. XVII. 2.

Lanins, a mythical I.atin ruler, III.

XVII. 11.

Laoinedon.^King" of Troy, III. iii.
22 .

Laplthac, a Thessalian tribe,. I.

XVIII. 8 : 11. XII. 6.

Larissa, a town of Tliessaly, I. vii.

11 .

Latiiim, the district around Korae,
1. XII. 63, XXXV. 10 : C.S. 66.
Latoiia, motlii'r of Apollo and
Diana, I, xxi. 8 ; III. xxviii.
12 ; rv. VI. 37.

Loda. inotlier of Castor and Pollux,
I. XII. 25.

Leo (sidus), a constellation, III.
XXIX. 19.

Lesbia, a maiden, Epod. xii. 17.
Leiiconoe, a maiden, 1. xi. 2.

Liber, Bacch is, I. xii. 22, xvi, 7,
XVIII. 7, XXXII. 9 ; II. XIX. 7 ;

III. VIII. 7 , XXI. 21 ; IV. VIII.
34, XII. 14, XV. 26.

Libitina, goddess of death. III.
xxx. 7.

Libra, a constellation, II. xvii.
17 .

Libya, Libya, II. ii. lo.

Licentia, Wantonness, 1. xix. .
Licinius. Licinius Mnrena, II. x. 1.
Licymnia, a psendoiiyni for Teren-
tia, wife of Maecenas, II. xii. 13,
XII. 23.

Llgurinus, a youth, IV. i. S3 x. 5.
LIris, a river of Latium, I. xxxi
7 ; III. xviL 8.

l.ollius, a Koman magistrate, IV,
IX. 33.

Luceria, a Campanian town, 111.
XV. 14.

Lncina, goddess of child-biTth,
C.S. 15 ; Epod. v. 6.

Lucretil is, a monn tain near Horace’s
Sabine farm, I. xvii. 1.

Luna, the Moon, II. xi. 10; C.S.
36.

Lyaciis, epithet of Bacchus, I. vil.

22; III. XXI. 16 ; Ki)od. ix. 38.
Lycaeus, an Arcadian mountain, I.
XVII. 2.

Lycimbes, a Greek, attacked by
the poet Archilochus, Epod. Vi.
13.

Lyce, a woman, III. x. 1 ; IV. xiii.
1, 2, 25.

Lycia, a district of Asia Minor, III.

IV. 62 .

Lycidas, a youth, I. iv. 19.
L.Nciscus, a yonlh, Epod. Xl. 24.
Lycorls, a maiden, 1. xxxiii. 5.
Lycuigns, a mythical King of
Thrace, II. xix. 16.

Lyciis, a favourite of the Greek
]H)et Alcaeus, I. xxxii. 11.

Lycus (alter), a Koman, HI. xix.
23, 24.

Lyde, a maiden, II. xi. 22 ; HI.

XI. 7, 26, XXVIII. 3.

Lydia, a district of Asia Minor,

I. VIII. 1, XIII. 1, XXV. 8; HI.
IX. 6, 7, 20.

Maf.cenah, friend and patron of
Horace, I. i. 1, xx. 6; II. xii.

II, XVII, 5, XX. 7; III. VIII. 18,
XVI. 20, XXIX. 3; IV. XI. 19;
Epod. I. 4, HI. 20, IX. 4, XIV. 6.

Maevius, a poetaster, Epod. x. 2.
Maia, mother of Mercury, I. ii.
43.

Manes, the shades of the under-
world, 1. IV. 16 ; Epod. V. 94.
Manlius, a Koman consul, HI. xxi.

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Marcellus, a Roman general, I. xii.
46.

Marica, a nymph, III, xvir. 7.

Man, the war-god, I. vi. 13, xvii,
23, XXViii. 17 ; 11. XIV, 13 : III.
HI. 16, 83, V. 24, 34 ; IV.

XIV. 9.

Marsns, member of an Italian tribe,
III. V. 9; Epod. XVI. 8.
Massagctae, a Scythian tribe, I.
XXXV. 40.

Mavors, Mars, IV. viii. 23.
Maximus (Panina^, a Roman, IV.

1 . 11 .

Medea, the mythical sorceress,
Epod. III. 10, V. 62.

Medus, lit. I’arthiaii, I. ii. 51, xxix.
4 ; II. I. 31, XVI. 6 *, III. HI. 41,
VIII. 19 ; IV. XIV. 42 ; C.S. 51.
McgilUi, a maiden, I. xxvii. 11.
Melpomene, the Muse of ti*agedy,
I. XXIV. 8; III. XXX. 16; IV.
III. 1.

Memphis, a town In Egypt, III.
XXVI. 10.

Merciiriiis, the god Meivury, I. x,
1, XXIV. 18, XXX. 8:11. vii. 13 ;
III. XI. 1.

Meriones, a Cretan chief, 1. vi. 15,

XV. 26.

Metaurus, an Italian river, IV. iv.

88 .

Motedhis, a Roman consul, II, i. 1.
Mimas, a Giant, III. iv, 53.

Minae, Threats, III. i. 87.

Minerva, the goddess. III. iii. 28,
xii. 6; IV. Yi. 13.

Minos, a judge in the underworld,

I. XXVIII. 9; IV. VII. 21.
Monaeses, a Parthian leader. III.

VI. 9.

Murena, a Roman consul, III. xix.

II .

Muse, Muse, I. Vi. 10, xvii. 14,
XXVI. 1, 4, 9, 21, XXXII, 9*; 11.
1. 9, 37, X. 19, XII. 13; III. I. 3,
III. 70, XIX. 18; IV. VIII. 28,
29.

426

Mycenae, a Greek city, I. vii. 9.
Myrtale, a freedwoman, I. xxxiii.

14. 1

Myrtoiim (Mare), Myrtoan Sea, a
part of the Aegean, I. i. 14.

Mysi, Mysians, a people of Asia
Minor, Epod. xvii. 10.

Mysles, a youth, II. ix. 10.

Mytilene, a town on the island of
Lesbos, I. vii. 1.

Naiades, Naiads, water-nymphs,

III. XXV. 14.

N<‘aera, a maiden, III. xiv. 21 ;
Epod. XV. 11.

Neapolis, Naples, Epod. v. 43.
Neeeasitas, Necessity, the goddess,

I. XXXV. 17 : 1 11. i. 14, XXIV. 6.
Neobule, a maiden, III, xii. 2.
Neptunns, god of the sea, I.

XXVIII. 29; 111. XXVIII. 2,
10 ; Epod. VII. 3, XVII. 55.
Nereides, Nereids, marine divini-
ties, III. XXVIII. 10.

Ncreua, a sea-god, I. xv. 5.

Nero, Noron('s,stoi)sons of Augustus,

IV. IV. 28, 37, XIV. 14.

Nessus, a Centaur, E})od. xvn. 82,
Nestor, a Greek hero of the Trojan

War, I. XV. 22.

Nilus, the Nile, III. iii. 48.
Niphates, a mountain of Armenia,

II. IX, 20.

Nlrens, a Greek hero, III. xx. 15 ;
Epod. XV. 22.

Noctiluca, an epithet of Luna
(Diana), IV. vi. 88.

Nothus, a youth, I II. xv. 11.

Notus, the south wind. I. m. 14,
VII. 16, XXVIII. 22 ; III. VII. 5 ;
IV. V. 9; Epod. IX, 31, x. 20,
XVI. 22.

Numantia, a city of Spain, II.
xi. 1.

Numida, a friend of Horace, I.
XXXVI. 3.

N.umidae, Numidlans, an African
tribe, 111. xi. 47.

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Nyiiipliae, nymphs, I. i. 31, iv. 6,
XXX. 6 ; II. VIII. 14, XIX. 3 ; III.
xvin. 1, XXVII. 80 ; IV. VII. 6.

OcEANus, the Ocean, I. iii. 22,
XXXV. 32; IV. V. 40, xiv. 48;
Epod. XVI. 41.

Olympus, a mountain of Greece, I.

XII. 68 ; III. IV. 52.

Orens, Pluto, of the under-
world, I. xxviii. 10; II. III. 24,
XVIII. SO, 84; III. IV. 76, XI. 29,
XXVII. 50 ; IV. II. 24.

Oricus, a harbour of Epirus in
Greece, IIJ. vii. 5.

Orion, a couslellation, I. xxviii.
21-; II. XIII. 89 ; III. IV. 7 1,
XXVII. 18 ; Epod. x. 10, xv. 7.
Ornytus, a youth, III. ix. 14.
Orpheus, a flfiythical minstrel, I.
XII. 8, xxiv. 18.

Otho, a Itomau tribune, Epod. iv.

16 .

Pacouus, a Parthian Imder, III.
VI. 9.

Paciolus, a river of Lydia, Epod.

XV. 20.

I’iietumeius, a boy, Epod. xvii. 6o.
Padus, the Kiver Po, Epod. xvi. 2H.
P.iliuurus, an Italian headland,
III. IV. 28.

PautholdcB, Euphorbua, a Trojan
hero, I. XXVIII. 10.

Paphos, a town on the island of
Cyprus, I. XXX. 1 ; III. xxvm.
14.

Parea, Parcae, Fate, tlie Fates, II.
VI. 9, XVI. 39, XVII. 16 ; C.S. 25 ;
Epod. XIII. 15.

Paris, son of Priam and paramour
of Uelen, III. iil. 40.

Parrhasius, a Greek painter, IV.

VIII. 6.

Parthus, Parthi, an Asiatic people,
I. XII. 58, XIX, 12 ; II. XIII. 18 ;
III. II. 8; IV. V. 26, XV. 7;,
Epod. VII. 9.

Pater (= luppltcr), I. ir. 2; III.
XXIX. 44.

PauluB (consul 216 n.c.), I. xii. 38.
Panins (Maximus), a Homan, IV.
1 . 10 .

Pax, Peace, C.S. 57.

Pet^asiis, tlio mythical wiiiy^(‘d
iiorse, I. XX VII. 24 ; IV. xi. 27.
Peleiis, father of Achilles, III. vil.
17.

Pelldes, Acliillea, I. vi. 6.

Pelion, a mountain, 111. iv. 62.
Pelops, son of Taut alus, settler of
the Peloponnesus, 1. vi, 8, xxvi.
7 ; II. XIII. 37 ; Epod. xvii. 65.
Penates, household gods, II, iv. 15 ;

III. XIV. 8, XXIII. 19, XXVH. 49.
Penelope, wife of Ulysses, I. xvii.

20 ; III. X. 11.

Pontlieus, King of Thebes, II. xix.
14.

Perga ma, tlie citadel of Troy, II.

IV. 12.

Pursue, the Persians, I. ii. 22, xxi.
15 ; III. V. 4, IX. 4 ; IV. xv.
23.

Pettius, a youth, Epod. Xl. 1.
Phuth-hou, son of the sun-god,
Ai)ollo, IV. XI. 25.

PhalunthuB, an Italian king, TI. vi.

12.

Phidyle, a maiden, III. xxiii. 2.
Philippi, the Macedonian town
near which was fought the battle
of Philippi in 42 B.C., 11. vii. 9 ;

III. IV. 26.

Phocaei.an Ionian folk, Epod.xvi.
17.

Phoceus (Xaiithias P.), a friend of
Horace, II. iv. 2.

Phoebus, Apollo, I. XII. 24, xxxii,
13 ; III. in. 06, IV. 4, xxr. 24 ;

IV. VI. 26, 29, XV. 1 ; C.S. 1, 62,
75.

Pholoe, a maiden, I. xxxiii. 7,
9 ; II. V. 17 ; 111. xv. 7.
Phraates, King of Armenia, II.

IL 17,

427

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

rhryg-es, Inliabitants of Phrygia,
I. XV. 34.

Phrygia, a district of Asia Minor,
li. XII. 22.

Phryne, a maiden, Epod. xiv. 16.
Phyllis, a maiden, II. iv. 14 ; IV.

XI. S.

Pieria, Pierides, Muses, IV. iii. 18,
viiT. 20.

Pimideia, Muse, I. xxvi. 9.
Piiularus, Pindar, the Greek poet,

IV. II. 1, 8.

Pindua, a mountain of Thessaly,

I. XII. 6.

Pirithous, a Greek hero, III. iv.
80 : IV, VII. 28.

Planciis, a friend of Horace, I. vii.
19 ; III. XIV. 28,

Pleiades, a coustollation, IV. xiv.

21 .

Pluto, god of the underuorld, II.
XIV. 7.

Poena, Penalty, III. ii. 82 ; IV. v.
24.

Poenus, Poeni, itho Carthaginians,
I. XII. 88; II. II. 11, XII. S, xiii.
1.5; III. V. 34; IV. iv. 47.

Pollio, Komau statesman, II. l.
14.

Pollux, the hero, brother of Castor,
III. III. 9, XXIX. 64.

Polyiiymnia, a Muse, 1. 1. 33.
Pompeius, a friend of Horace, II.
VII. 5.

PompiliuSjNumaPompillus, second
King of Rome, I. Xil. 34.
Porphyrion (Titan), III, iv. 54,
Porsoua, an Etruscan king, Epod,
XVI. 4.

Postumns, a friend of Horace, II.

XIV. 1.

Praeneste, a town of Latium, III.

V. 23.

Priamiis, King of Troy, I. x. 14,

XV. 8; III, III. 26, 40; IV.

VI. 16.

Priapus, god of gardens, Epod. ii.

21 .

428

Proculeius, a Roman of Horace’s
day, II. II. 6.

Procyon, a star, III. xxix. 18.
Proetu.s, a mythical Greek per-
sonage, III. VII. 13.

Prometheus, the Titan, I. xvr. 13 ;

11. XIII. 87, xviii. 35; Epod.
XA^TI. 67.

Proserpina, queen of tlie under-
world, I. xxviii. 20; II. XIII. 21 ;
Epod. XVII. 2.

Proteus, a marine divinity, I. ii. 7.
Pudor, Honour, I. xxiv. 6; C.S. 57.
Pyrrha, wife of Deucalion, I. ii, 6.
I’yrrha, a maiden, I. v.i 8.

Pyrrhus, King of Epirus, III. VL
35.

Pytliagoras, a Greek philoso{)her,
I. xxviii. 14 ; Epod. XV. 21.
Pythins (Apollo), I. :3^vi. 6.

QiiiNCTioB (Hlrplhus Q.), a friend
of Horace, II. xi. 2.

Quint ilius, a friend of Horace and
Virgil, I. XXIV. 5, 12.

Quirinus, Romulus, I. ii. 46; III.

HI. 16; IW XV. 9; Epod. xvi. 13.
Qiiirites, I. i. 7 ; II. vii. 3 ; III.
HI. 67 ; IV. XIV. 1.

Regulus, Roman general, I. xii.
S7 ; III. V. 13.

Remus, one of the twins who
ioundod Romo, Epod. vii. 19.
Rhaeti, an Alpine tribe, IV. iv. 17,
XIV. 15.

R]iodanu8,the Rhone River, II. xx.

20 .

Rhode, a maiden, III. xix. 27.
Rhodope, a mountain of Thrace,

III. XXV. 12.

Rhodos, an island, Rhodes, I. vii. 1.
Riioetus, a (Hant, II. xix. 23 ; III.

IV. 65.

Roma, Rome, III. iii. 88, 44, v.

12, XXIX. 12 ; IV. III. 13, IV. 37,
,, XIV. 44; C.S. 11, 87; Epod,

XYl. 2.

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

Romanus, Romani, Romans, III.
VI. 2 ; IV. IV. 46 ; Epod. VII. 6,
17, IX, 11.

Romulus, founder of Rome, I. xii.
33 ; II. XV.. 10; IV. VIII. 24.

Sabaka, a district of Arabia, I.

XXIX. S.

Saf^aiii^a sorceress, Eixai. v. 2r>.
Salamis, an island of Cl recce and a
city of Cyprus, I, Vu, 21,
29.

Sallustiivs, a friend of Horace, II.

ii. 8.

Sapplio, the Lesbian poetess, II.

XI n. 2.').

Bardiiiia, the island, I. xxxi. 4.
Saturiius, Saturn, the ”od, I. xii.

60 ; II. XII. 9, XVII. 23.

Satyri, satyrs I. i. 31 ; II. xix. 4.
Scamander, a stream at Troy,
Epod. XIII. 14.

Scaurua, Roman consul, I. xii. 37.
Scopius, a Greek sculptor, IV. viir. 6.
Scorpios, the Scorpion, a constella-
tion, II. XVII, 17.

Scythes, Scythac, Scythians, I. xix.

10, XXXV. 9 ; 1 1. XI. 1 ; III. viii.
23, XXIV. 9 ; I V, v. 26, Xiv. 42 ;
C.8. 65.

Seincle, mother of liacchus, I.xix. 2.
Septimius, a friend of Horace, II.
VI. 1.

Seres, a far-eastern peo]>le, I. xii.

66; 111. XXIX. 27 ; IV. xv. 23.
Sestius, a friend of Horace, I. iv.
14.

SIculura (Mare), the Sicilian Sea,

11. XII. 2.

Silvanus, god of woodlands, III.

XXIX. 23 ; Epod. II. 22.

Simois, a stream near Troy, Epod.
xiii. 14.

Sisyphus, a mythical offender,
whose punishment in the under-
world consisted in for ever rolling
a huge stone uphill, II. xiv, 20;
Epod. XVII. 68.

(HORACE) P

Soracte, a mountain lea. Ronte I.
IX. 2.

Spartacus, a Roman slave leader

III. xiv. 15) ; EiK>d. XV i. 5.

Spes, Hope, I. XXXV. 21.
Stesichonis, a Sicilian Greek poet,

IV. IX. 8.

Stlieueliis, an Homeric hero, I. xv.
24 ; IV. IX. 20.

Styx, a river of tho underu orUl, I.
xxxiv. 10.

Syliaris, a youth, I. viii. 2.
SygamOrl, a Germanic tribe, IV.li.
36, xiv. 61.

Syrt.es, either theshoals off Northern
Africa or the African desert, I.
xxji. 6 ; II. VI. 3, XX. 16 ; Epod.
IX. 31.

Taknarus, a promontory of La-
conia, I. xxxiv. 10,

Tanais, the Ri\er Don, III. x. 1,
XXIX. 28 ; IV. xv. 24.

Tantalus, a mytliical offender, who
was always craving food and
drink that oscaiped his reach, 11.
XVIII. 37 ; Epod. xvii. G6.
Tarentiim, a Lticaniaii city, I.

XXVIII. 29 ; HI. V. 66.
Tarquinius, King of Rome, I. xil.
36.

Tartarus, the underworld,!, xxviii.
10; III. VII. 17.

Tecniessa, slave of Ajax, 11. iv. 6.
Telamon, father of Ajax, II. iv. 5.
Tele;;onus, sou of Ulysses and
Circe, III. xxix. 8.

Telephus, King of the Mysians,
Epod. xvii. 8.

Telephus, a Roman youth, I. xiii.
1, 2; III. XIX. 26; IV. XI.
21 .

Tcllus, Earth, II. xii. 7.

Toinpe, a Thessalian vale of great
beauty, I. vii. 4, xxi. 9 ; 111. i.
24.

Teiupestatcs, Storms, Epod. x,
34 .

429

INDllX OF VROpER NAMES

Termiimlia, feast of W)undarics,
Epod. II. 59.

Terra, P^.arth, III. iv. 7E.

Teucer, luiro of the Trojan War, 1.
VII. 21, 27, XV. 24; IV. ix.
17.

Thalia, Muse of comedy, IV. vi. 26.
Tlialiarclms, a friend of Horace, I.

IX. 8

Tliebae, cdty of lioeotia, I. vii. 8 ;

1 V. IV. 64.

Theseus, a Greek hero, IV. vii. 27.
Thetis, a sea-nymph, mother of
Achilles, I. vni. 14; IV. vi. 6;
Epod. XIII. 2.

Thrace, a district north of Greece,

II. XVI. 6 ; III. XXV. 11.
Tliyestes, a mythical Arg^ivc kin;*',

1. XVI. 17.

Thyias, a Bacchaual, II. xix. 9;
ill. XV. 10.

Tliyoueus, epithet of llacchng, I.
XVII. 23.

'J’iberis, the Tiber, I. ii. 18, viii. 8,
XXIX. 12 ; II. HI. 18.

Tibur (Tivoli), a town near Homo,
I. VII. 21, XVIII. 2 ; II. VI, 6 ;

III. IV. 23, XXIX. 6 ; IV. II. 81,

111 . 10 .

T1 burn us, one of the founders (d
Tibur, I. VII. 13.

Tig:ris, the River Tigris, IV. xiv.
46.

Timor, Fear, III. i. 37.

Tiridates, a King of Armenia, I.
XXVI. 6.

Titancs, Titans, III. iv. 4 3.
Titbonus,8on of Laouiedon (a King
of Troy), I. xxviii. 8; II. xvi.
80 .

rityoH, a mythical offender, II, xiv.

8 ; III. IV. 77, XI. 21 ; IV. vi. 2.
Toiapuitus, a friend of Horace,

IV. VII. 23 ; Epod. xiii. 6.

Troes, Trojans, IV. vi. 15.

Tr'da, Troy, I. viii. 14, x. 15 ; III.
11. 60, 61 ; IV. VI. 8, XV. 81 ;
i.S. 41.

430

Troilog, ft son of Frlam, II. ix. 16.
Tullus (Hostillus), third King ol
Rome, IV. vii, 15.

Tiillu.s (consul). III, VIII, 12.
Tusculuin, a towu of Latium, Epod
1. 29.

Tydidea, a Greek hero,* I. vi. 16,
XV. 28.

Tytularidae, sons of Tyndareua,
Castor and Tolliix, IV. viii. 31.
Tyndari.s, a maiden, I, xvii. 10.
Typboeus, a mousler, III. iv. 53.
Tyrrheimm (Mare), the sea near
Rome, 1. XI. 6 ; IV. xv. 8.

Ijlixk.s, Ulysses, 1. vi. 7; Epod.
xvi. 60, xvn. 6.

Ustica, an eiuinema; near Horace’s
Sabine farm, 1, xvii. 1 1.

Valgius, a poet friend of Horace,

H. IX. 6.

Varius, a i)oet friend of Horace,

I. VI. 1.

Varus, a friend of Horace, I.xviii.

1 ,

Vatieanua. the Vatican, a hill at
Rom<‘, I. XX. 7.

Veia, a sorceress, Epod. v, 29.
Veuafrum, a town of Samniiim, II.
VI. 16.

Venus, I. IV. 6, xiii. 15, xv. 13,
XVIII. 6, XIX. 9, XXX. 1, xxxii.

9, XXXIII. le ; II. VII. 25, VIII.
18; III. X. 9, XI. 60, XVI. 6,
xvm. 6, XXI. 21, XXVI. 6, xxvii
67 ; IV. I. 1, VI. 21, X. 1, XI. 1 5
xv. 82 ; C.S. 50.

VergilluB (the poet),I. iii. 6, xxiv

10.

VergiliuB, friend of Horace, IV,
XII. 18.

Vesper, the evening star, II. ix
10 ; III. XIX. 26.

Vesta, the godde^ss of the liearth
1. II. 16, 28 ; III. v.ll.
Vindelici, an Alpine tribe, IV. iv
18, XIV. 8.

INDEX OE PROPER NAMES

Virg^ines (Vestales), the Vestal Xanthtas (Phocons), a friend ol
Virgins, I. ii. 27 ; III. xxx. U. Horace, 11. iv. 2.

Vlrtufi, Virtue, II. ii. 19; III. n. Xanrhus, a river of I.ycia, IV. vi.

17, 21 ; C.S. 58. 2(:.

Volcrinus. .Vulcan, god of Arc, I.

TV. 8; III. IV. 59. * Zepuyrus, tlio west wind. III. i.

Voltur, a mouiuaiii, III. IV. 9. 24 ; IV. vii. 8.

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